Search Results for two-roll rotary straightening

Tubing of any cross-sectional shape can be straightened by using various equipment and techniques. This article provides a discussion on principal factors that influence the procedures and tooling of tube straightening. It describes the tooling and application of different types of tube straightening techniques, namely, press straightening, parallel-roll straightening, two-roll rotary straightening, multiple-roll rotary straightening, and ovalizing in rotary straighteners.

Bars, structural shapes, and long parts are straightened by bending, twisting, or stretching. This article describes the straightening of bars, shapes, and long parts by material displacement, heating, and presses. It explains the process of parallel-roll straightening, automatic press roll straightening, moving-insert straightening, parallel-rail straightening, and epicyclic straightening. The article concludes with a discussion on straightening in bar production.

This article discusses the mechanics, surface preparation and principles of metal forming operations such as drawing, bending (draw bending, compression bending, roll bending, and stretch bending), spinning, and straightening of bars, tubes, wires, rods and structural shapes. The article also discusses the machines and tools, including dies and mandrels, and lubricants used for these metal forming operations.

This article describes the operation procedures of wire rolling in a Turks Head machine. It discusses spring coiling, as well as the manual and power bending used in the wire forming process. The article contains a table that lists examples of several wire-forming production problems and solutions. Lubricants for wire forming such as inorganic fillers, soluble oils, and boundary lubricants are reviewed. The article also analyzes the applications of lubricants in wire forming.

This article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of field metallography and describes the important material characteristics and other aspects to be considered before performing any metallographic procedure. It investigates the various stages of sample preparation in the metallographic laboratory: grinding, polishing, etching, preparing a replica, and obtaining a small sample. The article also illustrates the applications of field metallography with case studies.

Contour roll forming is a continuous process for forming metal from sheet, strip, or coiled stock into desired shapes of uniform cross section by feeding the stock through a series of roll stations equipped with contoured rolls. This article discusses the materials, roll-forming machines, tooling, and auxiliary equipment used in contour roll forming and its process variables. Tooling used in roll forming includes forming rolls and dies for punching and cutting off the material. The article discusses the additional tooling required in tube mills to weld, size, and straighten the tubes as they are produced on the machine. It describes the roll design for tube rolling and reviews the seam welding operations of pipe and tubing. The article discusses cross-sectional tolerances, the reshaping of round tubing, and factors that affect the quality, accuracy, and surface finish.

Multiple-slide forming is a process in which the workpiece is progressively formed in a combination of units that can be used in various ways for the automated fabrication of a large variety of simple and intricately shaped parts from coil stock or wire. This article discusses the components of multiple-slide rotary forming machines involved in the blanking and forming of strip stock. It describes a complicated application of the two-level forming, with an example.

This article focuses on nondestructive inspection of steel bars. The primary objective in the nondestructive inspection of steel bars and wire is to detect conditions in the material that may be detrimental to the satisfactory end use of the product. The article discusses various types of flaws encountered in the inspection of steel bars, including porosity, inclusions, scabs, cracks, seams, and laps. Inspection methods, such as magnetic-particle inspection. liquid penetrant inspection, ultrasonic inspection, and electromagnetic inspection, of steel bars are also described. The article provides a discussion on electromagnetic systems, eddy-current systems, and magnetic permeability systems for detection of flaws on steel bars. It concludes with a description of nondestructive inspection of steel billets.

Rotary swaging is an incremental metalworking process for reducing the cross-sectional area or otherwise changing the shape of bars, tubes, or wires by repeated radial blows with two or more dies. This article discusses the applicability of swaging and metal flow during swaging. It describes the types of rotary swaging machines, auxiliary tools, and swaging dies used for rotary swaging and the procedure for determining the side clearance in swaging dies. The article presents an overview of automated swaging machines and tube swaging, with and without a mandrel. It analyzes the effect of reduction, feed rate, die taper angle, surface contaminants, lubrication, and material response on swaging operation. The article discusses the applications for which swaging is the best method for producing a given shape, and compares swaging with alternative processes. It concludes with a discussion on special applications of swagging.

This article describes the various types of press construction and the factors that influence the selection of mechanically or hydraulically powered machines for producing parts from sheet metal. Presses are broadly classified, according to the type of frame used in their construction, into two main groups: gap-frame presses and straight-side presses. The article describes the various components of mechanical presses and hydraulic presses. It discusses important factors, such as the size, force, energy, and speed requirements, that influence the selection of a press. The article describes the roles of automatic handling equipment that can be categorized as feeding equipment, unloading equipment, and transfer equipment. It concludes with information on the common types of high-production presses, such as dieing machines, multiple-slide machines, transfer presses, fine blanking presses, and flexible-die forming presses.

This article is a comprehensive collection of terms related to metalworking operations that produce shapes from forging, extrusion, drawing, and rolling operations.

Shearing is a method for cutting a material piece into smaller pieces using a shear knife to force the material past an opposition shear knife in a progression form. This article describes the principles, attributes, and defects of straight-knife shearing. The equipment, materials used, and the operating parameters are discussed. The article provides information on the applications of rotary shearing. It concludes with a discussion on devices equipped with shearing machines for protecting personnel from the hazards of shear knives, flywheels, gears, and other moving parts.

This article is a compilation of definitions of the terms related to sheet metal forming and fabrication.

This article commences with a description of the four basic types of feeding arrangements, namely, hand feeding, hitch feeds, roll feeds, and slide feeds. Air feeds offer the utility of use with a wide variety of presses and machines. The article discusses the mounting and actuation of the air feeds, which allows automatic feeding in machinery that is not normally adaptable to the use of standard feeds. Automatic press feeds are used to improve production and provide uniform, accurate progressions. The article describes the accuracy control techniques for the automatic press feeds and concludes with information on air circuits for the air feeds.

This article discusses the principles of the press-brake forming process and its applicability with an example. It describes the types of press brakes and examines some considerations, which help in the selection of machine. The article provides information on flattening dies, gooseneck punches, wiping dies, channel dies, arbor-type punches, box-forming dies, curling dies, beading dies, and cam-driven dies, with illustrations. It discusses the tool material selection for various operations. The article explains the procedures used for producing different shapes, including simple boxlike parts, panels, flanged parts, architectural columns, fully closed parts, and semicircular parts. It examines the effect of work metal variables on results in press-brake operations. The article also reviews stock tolerances, design, and condition of machines and tools, which help in obtaining good dimensional accuracy.