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tin-antimony alloys
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Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 9
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2004
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v09.a0003778
EISBN: 978-1-62708-177-1
... preparation tin tin alloy coatings tin alloys tin-antimony alloys tin-antimony-copper alloys tin-antimony-copper-lead alloys tin-copper alloys tin-indium alloys tin-lead alloys tin-lead-cadmium alloys tin-silver alloys tin-zinc alloys tin-zinc-copper alloys TIN AND TIN ALLOYS are extremely...
Abstract
This article describes the specimen preparation steps for tin and tin alloys, and for harder base metals which are coated with these materials with illustrations. The steps discussed include sectioning, mounting, grinding, polishing, and etching. The article provides information on etchants for tin and tin alloys in tabular form. It presents the procedure recommended for electron microscopy to determine the nature of the intermetallic compound formed by the reaction between tin or tin-lead coatings on various substrates. The article concludes with an illustration of the microstructures of tin-copper, tin-lead, tin-lead-cadmium, tin-antimony, tin-antimony-copper, tin-antimony-copper-lead, tin-silver, tin-indium, tin-zinc, and tin-zinc-copper systems.
Image
Published: 27 April 2016
Source: K. Osamura, The Pb-Sb-Sn (Lead-Antimony-Tin) System, Bull. Alloy Phase Diagrams , Vol 6, 1985, p 372–379 ( Ref 2 )
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Image
Published: 27 April 2016
Source: K. Osamura, The Pb-Sb-Sn (Lead-Antimony-Tin) System, Bull. Alloy Phase Diagrams , Vol 6, 1985, p 372–379 ( Ref 2 )
More
Image
Published: 27 April 2016
Source: K. Osamura, The Pb-Sb-Sn (Lead-Antimony-Tin) System, Bull. Alloy Phase Diagrams , Vol 6, 1985, p 372–379 ( Ref 2 )
More
Book Chapter
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4E
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2016
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04e.a0006275
EISBN: 978-1-62708-169-6
... of possible binary lead alloys it was found that the following elements, in the order listed, provided successively greater amounts of solid-solution hardening: thallium, bismuth, tin, cadmium, antimony, lithium, arsenic, calcium, zinc, copper, and barium. Unfortunately, these elements have successively...
Abstract
This article discusses the various heat treating processes, namely, solid-solution hardening, solution treating, solution aging and dispersion hardening, for low-melting-point alloys such as lead alloys, tin-rich alloys, and zinc alloys. Heat treating of tin-rich alloys has been practiced for bearing alloys, pewterware, and organ pipe alloys. The article reviews the principles underlying these applications.
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1990
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02.a0001076
EISBN: 978-1-62708-162-7
... Abstract Tin is produced from both primary and secondary sources. This article discusses the chemical compositions, production, properties, microstructure and applications of tin and tin alloys. The major tin alloys discussed here are tin-antimony-copper alloy (pewter), bearing alloy, solder...
Abstract
Tin is produced from both primary and secondary sources. This article discusses the chemical compositions, production, properties, microstructure and applications of tin and tin alloys. The major tin alloys discussed here are tin-antimony-copper alloy (pewter), bearing alloy, solder alloy and other alloys containing traces of tin. Data on tin consumption in the United States is presented graphically.
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 9
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2004
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v09.a0003773
EISBN: 978-1-62708-177-1
... of microstructures and grain boundaries in lead, and in lead-calcium, lead-antimony, and lead-tin (low-tin) alloys 2 100 parts acetic acid (glacial) 10 parts H 2 O 2 (30%) Etch for 10–30 min, depending on the depth of the disturbed layer. Dry and clean with concentrated nitric acid if required. Microetching...
Abstract
This article describes the various specimen preparation procedures for lead, lead alloys, and sleeve bearings, including sectioning, mounting, grinding, polishing, and etching. The microscopic examination and microstructures of lead and lead alloys are discussed. The article also provides information on the microstructures of sleeve bearing materials.
Image
Published: 01 November 2010
Fig. 7 Solidified composition fields in a Pb-35wt%Sn-5wt%Sb alloy chilled from the left side. The tin pattern (a) shows the standard segregation pattern for a binary alloy (with very weak A-segregates). Because the antimony partitioning had little effect on the buoyancy, the tin segregation
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Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1990
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02.a0001078
EISBN: 978-1-62708-162-7
...% Sb) L53300–L53399 Lead-antimony alloys (11.0–12.99% Sb) L53400–L53499 Lead-antimony alloys (13.0–15.99% Sb) L53500–L53599 Lead-antimony alloys (16.0–19.99% Sb) L53600–L53699 Lead-antimony alloys (>20% Sb) L53700–L53799 Lead-tin-alloys (UNS L54000–L55099) (c) Lead-tin...
Abstract
This article discusses the processing, properties, and applications of various grades of lead and lead-base alloys with the aid of several tables and illustrations. It lists the Unified Numbering System (UNS) designations for various pure lead grades and lead-base alloys grouped according to nominal chemical composition. The properties of lead that make it useful in a wide variety of applications are also discussed. The largest usage of lead is in the lead acid storage batteries (in the grid plates, posts, and connector straps). Other applications include ammunition; cable sheathing; cast products such as type metals, terneplates, and foils; and building construction materials. Lead is also used as an alloying element in steel and in copper alloys to improve machinability and other characteristics. In many applications, lead is combined with stronger materials to make structures that have the best qualities of both materials such as the plumbum series.
Book Chapter
Book: Alloy Phase Diagrams
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 27 April 2016
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v03.a0006245
EISBN: 978-1-62708-163-4
...: K. Osamura, The Pb-Sb-Sn (Lead-Antimony-Tin) System, Bull. Alloy Phase Diagrams , Vol 6, 1985, p 372–379 ( Ref 2 ) Pb-Sb-Sn (Pb) Liquidus Projection Source: L. Brewer and S.-G. Chang, Metallography, Structures and Phase Diagrams , Vol 8, Metals Handbook , 8th ed., American Society...
Abstract
This article is a compilation of ternary alloy phase diagrams for which lead (Pb) is the first-named element in the ternary system. The diagrams are presented with element compositions in weight percent. The article includes 7 phase diagrams: Pb-Sb-Sn liquidus projection; Pb-Sb-Sn isothermal section at 240 °C; Pb-Sb-Sn isothermal section at 189 °C; Pb-Sb-Sn (Pb) liquidus projection; Pb-Sn-Zn liquidus projection; and Pb-Sn-Zn isothermal section at 532 °C.
Image
Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 23 Lead-base babbitt, SAE alloy 13 (Pb-10Sb-5Sn-0.5Cu). Dendritic grains of lead-rich solid solution (black) and primary cuboids of antimony-tin intermetallic phase (white) in matrix of ternary eutectic (filigreed) consisting of antimony-rich solid solution (white), antimony-tin phase
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Book: Casting
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 15
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v15.a0005332
EISBN: 978-1-62708-187-0
... to ductility. For these alloys, iron and tin should be less than 0.01 and 4%, respectively, if minimum magnetic susceptibility is required. Minor Additions Antimony Antimony is used in small quantities to reduce the specific corrosion problem, known as dezincification, that occurs in high-zinc...
Abstract
The properties of copper alloys occur in unique combinations found in no other alloy system. This article focuses on the major and minor alloying additions and their impact on the properties of copper. It describes major alloying additions, such as zinc, tin, lead, aluminum, silicon, nickel, beryllium, chromium, and iron. The article discusses minor alloying additions, including antimony, bismuth, selenium, manganese, and phosphorus. Copper alloys can be cast by many processes, including sand casting, permanent mold casting, precision casting, high-pressure die casting, and low-pressure die casting. The article provides information on the types of copper castings and tabulates the nominal chemical composition and mechanical properties of several cast alloys.
Book Chapter
Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003146
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
...% Sb) L53300–L53399 Lead-antimony alloys (11.0–12.99% Sb) L53400–L53499 Lead-antimony alloys (13.0–15.99% Sb) L53500–L53599 Lead-antimony alloys (16.0–19.99% Sb) L53600–L53699 Lead-antimony alloys (>20% Sb) L53700–L53799 Lead-tin alloys (UNS L54000–L55099) Lead-tin alloys...
Abstract
This article discusses the properties, primary and secondary production, product forms and applications of various grades of lead and lead-base alloys with the aid of several tables and illustrations. It lists the Unified Numbering System (UNS) designations for various pure lead grades and lead-base alloys grouped according to nominal chemical composition. The properties of lead that make it useful in a wide variety of applications are also discussed. The largest use of lead is in lead-acid storage batteries. Other applications include ammunition, cable sheathing, cast products such as type metals, terneplate, foils, and building construction materials. Lead is also used as an alloying element in steel and in copper alloys to improve machinability. The article concludes with information on the principles of lead corrosion, corrosion resistance of lead in water, atmospheres, underground ducts, soil and chemicals.
Image
Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 1 Very soft metals; alloys of lead and tin. (a) and (b) A near-eutectic soft solder (63% Sn, 37% Pb; hardness, 9 HV). A globular eutectic of tin phase (light) and lead phase (dark). (c) and (d) A linotype metal (4% Sn, 12% Sb, 84% Pb; hardness, 26 HV). Primary lead dendrite in a ternary
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Image
Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 24 Lead-base babbitt, SAE alloy 14 (Pb-15Sb-10Sn-0.5Cu). Primary needles of Cu 6 Sn 5 phase and primary cuboids of antimony-tin intermetallic phase (both white) in a matrix of fine pseudobinary eutectic (filigreed) made up of lead-rich solid solution (dark) and antimony-tin phase (light
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Book Chapter
Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003145
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... Tin has a low coefficient of friction, which is the first consideration in its use as a bearing material. Tin is structurally a weak metal, and when used in bearing applications it is alloyed with copper and antimony for increased hardness, tensile strength, and fatigue resistance. Normally...
Abstract
Tin is a soft, brilliant white, low-melting metal that is most widely known and characterized in the form of coating. This article discusses the primary and secondary production of tin and explains the uses of tin in coating, namely tinplating, electroplating, and hot dip coatings. It presents a short note on pure (unalloyed) tin and uses of tin in chemicals. The article also covers the compositions and uses of tin alloys which include solders, pewter, bearing alloys, alloys for organ pipes, and fusible alloys. It goes on to discuss the other alloys containing tin including battery grid alloys, type metals, copper alloys, dental alloys, cast irons, titanium alloys, and zirconium alloys. Finally, it presents a short note on the applications of tin powder and corrosion resistance of tin.
Book Chapter
Book: Alloy Phase Diagrams
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 27 April 2016
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v03.a0006207
EISBN: 978-1-62708-163-4
...)” in the article “S (Sulfur) Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams.” “Sb-Sn (Antimony - Tin)” in the article “Sb (Antimony) Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams.” “Se-Sn (Selenium - Tin)” in the article “Se (Selenium) Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams.” “Si-Sn (Silicon - Tin)” in the article “Si (Silicon) Binary...
Abstract
This article is a compilation of binary alloy phase diagrams for which tin (Sn) is the first named element in the binary pair. The diagrams are presented with element compositions in weight percent. The atomic percent compositions are given in a secondary scale. For each binary system, a table of crystallographic data is provided that includes the composition, Pearson symbol, space group, and prototype for each phase.
Book Chapter
Book: Alloy Phase Diagrams
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 27 April 2016
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v03.a0006202
EISBN: 978-1-62708-163-4
... crystallographic data Sb-Sm (Antimony-Samarium) Sb-Sm crystallographic data Sb-Sn (Antimony-Tin) Sb-Sn crystallographic data Sb-Sr (Antimony-Strontium) Sb-Sr crystallographic data Sb-Tb (Antimony-Terbium) Sb-Tb crystallographic data Sb-Te (Antimony...
Abstract
This article is a compilation of binary alloy phase diagrams for which antimony (Sb) is the first named element in the binary pair. The diagrams are presented with element compositions in weight percent. The atomic percent compositions are given in a secondary scale. For each binary system, a table of crystallographic data is provided that includes the composition, Pearson symbol, space group, and prototype for each phase.
Book Chapter
Book: Casting
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 15
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v15.a0005306
EISBN: 978-1-62708-187-0
... the heavier lead melt. Copper will precipitate with any sulfur, arsenic, antimony, or tin, in that order. Lead sulfide may also form. These drosses are usually intimately intermingled with the lead metal phase. A molten phase (copper-lead sulfide) may form, and when the newer calcium lead battery...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4E
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2016
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04e.9781627081696
EISBN: 978-1-62708-169-6
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