Search Results for through hardening

Fig. 4 Rotating-beam fatigue strength of case-hardening, through-hardening, and tool steels as a function of surface hardness. (a) Testpiece diameter of 6 mm (0.25 in.), triangular torque. (b) Testpiece diameter of 12 mm (0.5 in.), constant torque. Source: Ref 1 More

Fig. 42 Heat treatment conditions. (a) Through hardening. (b) Case hardening. IH, induction heating; AC, air cooling. Source: Ref 47 More

Fig. 3 Rotating-beam fatigue strength of cast-hardening and through-hardening steels as a function of surface hardness. (a) Testpiece diameter of 6mm (0.25 in.), and triangular torque. (b) Testpiece diameter of 12 mm (0.5 in.), constant torque. α K is the stress-concentration factor. More

Fig. 89 Effect of agitation rate and bath temperature on through hardening of AISI 4135 steel. Source: Ref 222 More

Fig. 9 Hardenability results for individual heats of through-hardening bearing steels More

Fig. 6 Results of computer modeling of induction through hardening on the same shaft as the example shown in Fig. 5 More

Fig. 44 Fatigue test results for through hardening steel with various grain sizes. Source: Ref 47 More

Fig. 24 Effect of agitation rate and bath temperature on through-hardening of AISI 4135 steel. S, 1.5 mm (0.06 in.); R , radius; C , center to cylinder. Adapted from Ref 56 More

Fig. 20 Effect of agitation rate and oil temperature on the through-hardening of AISI 4135 steel More

Fig. 21 Effect of agitation on the through-hardening of SNCM 21 steel using oil and water quenchants. (a) Cooling rate at 550 °C (1020 °F) for water. (b) Cooling rate at 550 °C (1020 °F) for oil. (c) Hardness profile for water. (d) Hardness profile for oil More

Fig. 24 Comparison of the through-hardening capabilities of a quench oil and an aqueous polymer (Polidrac) with agitation. Note: Hardness penetration (HB 5/750) in 462C steel; Polidrac solution at 20 °C (70 °F) and mineral oil at 70 °C (160 °F) More

Fig. 26 Effect of agitation on the through-hardening capability of a conventional quench oil More

Fig. 13 Comparison of carbon profiles of case-hardened and through-hardened bearing steels More

Fig. 5 Typical microstructure of a high-carbon through-hardened bearing component More

Fig. 12 Performance of through-hardened and carburized bearings in a debris environment with a load of 17.6 kN (1800 kgf) and a rotation speed of 2000 rev/min. Source: Ref 4 More

Fig. 20 Comparison of residual stresses in carburized versus through-hardened steel races. The higher residual compression of carburizing M50-NiL provides greater resistance to fracture, fatigue damage, and stress corrosion. Source: Ref 11 More

Fig. 16 Effect of carbon content and hardness on fatigue limit of through-hardened and tempered 4140, 4053, and 4063 steels. See the sections “Composition” and “Scatter of Data” in this article for additional discussions. More

Fig. 31 Performance of through-hardened and carburized bearings in a debris environment with a load of 17.6 kN (3956 lbf) and a rotational speed of 2000 rev/min. Reprinted with permission from SAE International. Source: Ref 39 More

Fig. 35 Fatigue crack propagation curves for through-hardened M50 and case-carburized M50NiL. Source: Ref 47 More

Fig. 62 Schematic illustration of cracks in a large diameter non-through hardened cylindrical part after quenching. P a , axial stress; P r , radial stress. More