Search Results for steel castings

This article discusses the requirements that are typically considered in designing a steel casting. It describes the materials selection that forms a part of process of meeting the design criteria. The article provides information on the material selection guide for five major design applications. It examines the attributes that are specific to the manufacturing of steel castings. The article concludes with information on the various nondestructive examination methods available for ensuring manufacturing quality and part performance in steel castings.

This article discusses the mechanical properties of carbon steels, low-alloy steels, wear-resistant steels, corrosion-resistant steels, heat-resistant steels, and common alloys at both room and elevated temperature. It also provides information on the corrosion-resistant and heat-resistant applications of the common alloys.

Steel castings can be made from any of the many types of carbon and alloy steel produced in wrought form. They are divided into four general groups according to composition. Carbon and low-alloy steel castings can meet a wide range of application requirements because composition and heat treatment can be selected to achieve specific combinations of properties, including hardness, strength, ductility, fatigue, and toughness. This article discusses physical, mechanical, and engineering properties as well as fatigue properties and the effects of section size and heat treatment. Highly stressed steel castings for aircraft and for high-pressure or high-temperature service must pass rigid nondestructive inspection.

This article focuses on the specimen preparation procedures of austenitic manganese steels: sectioning, mounting, and grinding. It provides information on macroexamination and microexamination of a fracture surface, the microstructure and special features of austenitic manganese steels, and the alloying elements used.

Steel castings produced from carbon and alloy steels in any of the various types of molds and wrought steel of equivalent chemical composition respond similarly to heat treatment. They have the same weldability, and similar physical, mechanical, and corrosion properties. This article lists the specification requirements given in ASTM standards and in SAE J435c. Steel castings are classified according to their carbon or alloy composition into four general groups. Carbon steel castings account for three of these groups: low-carbon steel castings with less than 0.20″ carbon, medium-carbon castings with 0.20 to 0.50″ carbon, and high-carbon castings with more than 0.50″ carbon. The fourth group, low-alloy steel castings, is generally limited to grades with a total alloy content of less than 8″. The article presents graphical representations of the mechanical properties of cast carbon steels as a function of carbon content for different heat treatments.

Cast stainless steels are widely used for their corrosion resistance in aqueous media at or near room temperature and for service in hot gases and liquids at elevated temperatures. This article provides a comparison between cast and wrought stainless steels in terms of composition, microstructure and properties. It discusses the grade designations and compositions of cast stainless steels. The article describes the mechanical properties, applications, and corrosion characteristics of corrosion-resistant steel castings and heat-resistant steel castings.

This article discusses two categories of stainless steel casting alloys and their nomenclature. It provides information on two situations in which welding of stainless steel castings is required. These situations are based on casting defects and selection of welding processes. The article presents compositions and typical microstructures of corrosion-resistant stainless steel casting alloys in tabular form. It presents special considerations for the welding of martensitic stainless steel castings. The article reviews the two most serious problems encountered in the welding of stainless steel castings, namely, solidification hot cracking and heat-affected zone hot cracking. It concludes with a discussion on the some useful considerations for welding corrosion-resistant alloys to avoid defects.

Sand mold and permanent mold casting are the major methods for shape casting of steels, with production closely split among green sand, chemically bonded sand, and permanent mold processes. This article describes key aspects of the steel casting process, including steel solidification characteristics, melting practices, melt treatment, and feeding of the molten steel into the mold used in steel foundries. It discusses the features of melting furnaces used in direct arc melting and induction melting. It reviews factors such as wall thickness and designing for avoidance of hot spots. The article explains the sand casting and permanent mold casting of steel. The process design and casting of thin sections are also discussed.

This article reviews the properties of cast steels that are specified for liquid corrosion service at temperatures above and below 650 deg C. Stainless steel castings are usually classified based on their resistance to corrosion and heat and generally fall into one category or the other. The article describes alternate methods for classifying cast stainless steels, one is based on grade designations, the other on microstructural analysis. It also addresses heat treatment, pointing out its similarities with the thermal processing of wrought materials, and establishes the importance of mechanical properties in material selection. The article presents information on the selection process and provides a detailed list of heat-resistant cast steels and alloys. It also includes key manufacturing characteristics to aid in foundry and welding-related decisions.