Search Results for static properties

This article provides a schematic illustration of factors that should be considered in component design. It discusses the effect of component geometry on the behavior of materials and groups the main parameters that affect the value of the factor of safety. The article illustrates the estimation of probability of failure with an example. It reviews the designing and selection of materials for static strength and stiffness. The article also describes the causes of failure of engineering components, including design deficiencies, poor selection of materials, and manufacturing defects.

Statistical analysis of mechanical property data is the most reliable method for determination of minimum design allowables. This article describes the general procedures used to determine design allowables. It provides information on the determination of a distribution form. The article presents statistical methods which help in determining design allowables. These methods include direct computation for normal distribution, direct computation for an unknown distribution, computation of derived properties, and regression analysis. The article concludes with information on low- and elevated-temperature design properties.

This datasheet provides information on composition limits for aluminum alloy 7255, with emphasis on the minimum static properties of aluminum alloy 7255 plate and fracture toughness of aluminum alloy 7255-T7751. Fatigue crack growth resistance of alloy 7255 plate is compared with those of legacy alloy 7055 plate.

This datasheet provides information on composition limits, processing effects on mechanical properties, and applications of alloy 2524. A comparison of strength minimums and typical damage tolerance properties for Alclad 2524-T3 with Alclad 2024-T3 plate is also provided.

This datasheet provides information on key alloy metallurgy and applications of Alclad 2029. It contains tables that present statistically determined mechanical property minimums for Alclad 2029-T8 sheet and plate. The plane stress fracture toughness and fatigue crack growth resistance of alloys 2029 and 2024 are illustrated.

Alloy 2099 is a third-generation Al-Cu-Li alloy providing an improved combination of strength, elastic modulus, and fatigue crack growth resistance. This datasheet provides information on its key alloy metallurgy and the effects of processing on its mechanical properties.

Alloy 6013 is a high-strength Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloy, developed for extruded automotive bumpers. This datasheet provides information on key alloy metallurgy, processing effects on physical, tensile, static and fracture properties, and fabrication characteristics of this 6xxx series alloy.

Alloy 2055 is an Al-Cu-Li alloy developed as a replacement for high-strength 7xxx and 2xxx alloys in applications such as fuselage stringers and floor beams. This datasheet provides information on its key alloy metallurgy and illustrates the damage tolerance of 2055-T84 extrusions and 7xxx extrusions.

This datasheet provides information on key alloy metallurgy and processing effects on mechanical properties of Al-Li plate alloy 2195. A figure provides a performance comparison of 2195-T84 and 2219-T87 alloys.

The Al-Cu-Li alloy 2050 was designed to replace 2xxx alloys at low thicknesses and 7xxx alloys on the thicker end of the range. This datasheet provides information on key alloy metallurgy and processing effects on mechanical properties of this 2xxx series alloy. A figure presents a performance comparison of 2050 and 7050.

Titanium alloys are known for their high-temperature strength, good fracture resistance, low specific gravity, and excellent resistance to corrosion. Ti-6Al-4V is the most commonly used titanium alloy in the aerospace, aircraft, automotive, and biomedical industries. This article discusses various additive manufacturing (AM) technologies for processing titanium and its alloys. These include directed-energy deposition (DED), powder-bed fusion (PBF), and sheet lamination. The discussion covers the effect of AM on the microstructures of the materials deposited, static and mechanical properties, and fatigue strength and fracture toughness of Ti-6Al-4V.

This article describes a method for determining the dynamic indentation response of metals and ceramics. This method, based on split Hopkinson pressure bar testing, can determine rate-dependent characteristics of metals and ceramics at moderate strain rates. For example, dynamic indentation testing reveals a significant effect of loading rates on the hardness and the induced plastic zone size in metals and on the hardness and induced crack sizes of brittle materials. The article also explains the rebound and pendulum methods for dynamic hardness testing.

Structure-property relationships for metal additive manufacturing (AM) using solidification-based AM processes (e.g., powder-bed fusion and directed-energy deposition) are the focus of this article. Static strength and ductility properties in AM materials are impacted heavily by the microstructure but are also affected by porosity and surface roughness. Fatigue failure in AM materials is also influenced by porosity, surface roughness, microstructure, and residual stress due to applied manufacturing processing parameters. Post-processing treatments can further influence fatigue failure in AM materials.

Casting offers the cost advantages over other manufacturing methods for most components. This article reviews the aspects of castings with which designers should be familiar, as well as the methods used by foundries to produce high-integrity castings. It discusses the design concepts that designers and foundries can use to obtain maximum performance from cast parts. The article describes the effects of casting discontinuities on properties, including porosity, inclusions, hot tears, metal penetration, and surface defects. A discussion on hot isostatic pressing treatment of castings is also provided. The article concludes with information on solidification simulation and its use in designing castings.

This article reviews the emerging manufacturing technology that is alternatively called additive manufacturing (AM), direct digital manufacturing, free-form fabrication, three-dimensional (3-D) printing, and so on. It provides a broad contextual overview of metallic AM. The article focuses on the mechanical properties of AM-processed Ti-6Al-4V, IN-625, and IN-718. The development of closed-loop, real-time, sensing, and control systems is essential to the qualification and advancement of AM. This involves the development of coupled process-microstructural models, sensor technology, and control methods and algorithms. AM has the potential to revolutionize the global parts manufacturing and logistics landscape. It enables distributed manufacturing and the productions of parts on demand while offering the potential to reduce cost, energy consumption, and carbon footprint. The article explores the materials science, processes, and business considerations associated with achieving these performance gains. It concludes that a paradigm shift is required to fully exploit AM potential.