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Search Results for spline shaft
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Wear of universal-joint slip spline shaft of 1141 steel. Wear was measured ...
Available to PurchasePublished: 31 December 2017
Fig. 34 Wear of universal-joint slip spline shaft of 1141 steel. Wear was measured as backlash on a 300 mm (12 in.) radius under a torque load of 9.5 N · m (7 lb · ft). Sleeve yokes of 1140 steel were quenched and tempered to a hardness of 241 to 285 HB. Shafts were heat treated to 228 or 340
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Reversed torsional fatigue fracture of splined shaft due to overtempering. ...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 1987
Fig. 375 Reversed torsional fatigue fracture of splined shaft due to overtempering. The SAE 4150 part was oil quenched and tempered to 34 HRC throughout—a hardness too soft for the application. Note the “starry” pattern characteristic of multiple fatigue cracks. 3.5× (D. Roche and H.H
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Image
Surface of torsional-fatigue fracture in a splined shaft of AISI 8620 steel...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 1987
Fig. 515 Surface of torsional-fatigue fracture in a splined shaft of AISI 8620 steel that was carburized and case hardened. Multiple fatigue cracks evidently formed at the roots of the splines and then joined to penetrate much of the case before final fast fracture occurred. 2×
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Image
Splined shaft of 6118 steel that fractured from a single torsional overload...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 December 1998
Fig. 7 Splined shaft of 6118 steel that fractured from a single torsional overload. (a) Photograph (∼2×) of the shaft showing the deformation of the splines in the region of fracture, which would not occur if the fracture were caused by fatigue. The shaft, 28 mm (1 3 32
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Image
Splined shaft that failed by fatigue under torsion. (a) The angle of the fr...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 June 2024
Fig. 20 Splined shaft that failed by fatigue under torsion. (a) The angle of the fracture is revealed, and the shaft surface is evenly illuminated by the large light source. The fracture origins are not apparent. No topography is seen on the fracture under this type of lighting. (b) The same
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Fracture origins for a torsional fatigue failure in a small-splined shaft. ...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 June 2024
Fig. 24 Fracture origins for a torsional fatigue failure in a small-splined shaft. (a) The origins were on the flanks of the spline teeth, where axial misalignment allowed point loading of the spine runout by the mating female splines. (b) The damaged spline teeth at the fatigue origins were
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Book Chapter
AISI/SAE Alloy Steels: Atlas of Fractographs
Available to PurchaseBook: Fractography
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 12
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1987
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v12.a0000608
EISBN: 978-1-62708-181-8
..., sulfide stress-corrosion failure, stress-corrosion cracking, and hitch post shaft failure of these steels. The components considered in the article include tail-rotor drive-pinion shafts, pinion gears, outboard-motor crankshafts, bull gears, diesel engine bearing cap bolts, splined shafts, aircraft...
Abstract
This article is an atlas of fractographs that helps in understanding the causes and mechanisms of fracture of AISI/SAE alloy steels (4xxx steels) and in identifying and interpreting the morphology of fracture surfaces. The fractographs illustrate the brittle fracture, ductile fracture, impact fracture, fatigue fracture surface, reversed torsional fatigue fracture, transgranular cleavage fracture, rotating bending fatigue, tension-overload fracture, torsion-overload fracture, slip band crack, crack growth and crack initiation, crack nucleation, microstructure, hydrogen embrittlement, sulfide stress-corrosion failure, stress-corrosion cracking, and hitch post shaft failure of these steels. The components considered in the article include tail-rotor drive-pinion shafts, pinion gears, outboard-motor crankshafts, bull gears, diesel engine bearing cap bolts, splined shafts, aircraft horizontal tail-actuator shafts, bucket elevators, aircraft propellers, helicopter bolts, air flasks, tie rod ball studs, and spiral gears.
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in Defects and Abnormal Characteristics of Induction Hardened Components
> Induction Heating and Heat Treatment
Published: 09 June 2014
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(a) Gear-to-spline torque transmission shaft showing the material saved (sh...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2005
Fig. 20 (a) Gear-to-spline torque transmission shaft showing the material saved (shaded area) by cold forming the two end shafts. (b) Additional materials savings (cross-hatched area) by designing the part for cold forming. Source: Donald F. Baxter Jr., Cold Forming Steel Parts to Greater
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Image
Published: 01 January 1987
Fig. 528 Longitudinal section through a spline of the shaft in Fig. 525 , showing inclusions, banding, and some free ferrite. The cause of the fracture was improper design; corners at bases of splines had adequate radii for most of the spline length, but these radii were reduced, forming
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Image
Induction-hardened 1151 steel rotor shaft in which a spline fractured becau...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2002
Fig. 27 Induction-hardened 1151 steel rotor shaft in which a spline fractured because of a seam. Top left: Configuration and dimensions (given in inches). Section A-A: Micrographs of section through broken spline, showing shape of fracture (arrow A), root of seam (arrow B), and decarburized
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Induction-hardened grade 1151 steel rotor shaft in which a spline fractured...
Available to PurchasePublished: 30 August 2021
Fig. 36 Induction-hardened grade 1151 steel rotor shaft in which a spline fractured because of a seam. Top left: Configuration and dimensions (given in inches). Section A-A: Micrographs of section through broken spline, showing shape of fracture (arrow A), root of seam (arrow B
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Single-turn machined coils with integral quench for scan (progressive) hard...
Available to PurchasePublished: 30 September 2014
for splined shaft hardening with quench holes in the bottom. The method of attaching the outer plate at the quenchant outlet permits easy access for cleaning the quenching orifices.
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The horseshoe-shaped portion of this single-shot (channel) inductor has num...
Available to Purchase
in Systematic Analysis of Induction Coil Failures and Prevention
> Induction Heating and Heat Treatment
Published: 09 June 2014
Fig. 9 The horseshoe-shaped portion of this single-shot (channel) inductor has numerous scratches resulting from improper locating of a splined shaft in the heating position. As a result, coil life was dramatically reduced. Source: Ref 9
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Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4C
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 09 June 2014
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04c.a0005864
EISBN: 978-1-62708-167-2
..., and carbon content on torsional properties of axle shafts, and the effect of changes in shaft diameter and those of splines on torsional shaft performance. It also provides useful information on straightening and tempering of induction-hardened axle shafts, and describes an effective technique to ensure...
Abstract
This article describes the common types of automotive and truck axle shafts. It provides information on steels used for induction-hardened shafts, and on the manufacturing and induction hardening methods of axle shafts. The article discusses the effects of case depth, shaft length, and carbon content on torsional properties of axle shafts, and the effect of changes in shaft diameter and those of splines on torsional shaft performance. It also provides useful information on straightening and tempering of induction-hardened axle shafts, and describes an effective technique to ensure quality of induction-hardened axle shafts.
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Published: 09 June 2014
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Published: 09 June 2014
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0001808
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... stressed area—typically a stress raiser, which may be mechanical, metallurgical, or sometimes a combination of the two. Mechanical stress raisers include such features as small fillets, sharp corners, grooves, splines, keyways, nicks, and press or shrink fits. Shafts often break at edges of press-fitted...
Abstract
This article discusses failures in shafts such as connecting rods, which translate rotary motion to linear motion, and in piston rods, which translate the action of fluid power to linear motion. It describes the process of examining a failed shaft to guide the direction of failure investigation and corrective action. Fatigue failures in shafts, such as bending fatigue, torsional fatigue, contact fatigue, and axial fatigue, are reviewed. The article provides information on the brittle fracture, ductile fracture, distortion, and corrosion of shafts. Abrasive wear and adhesive wear of metal parts are also discussed. The article concludes with a discussion on the influence of metallurgical factors and fabrication practices on the fatigue properties of materials, as well as the effects of surface coatings.
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 August 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11A.a0006810
EISBN: 978-1-62708-329-4
... specifications that involve the shaft. Potential stress raisers or points of stress concentration, such as splines, keyways, cross holes, and changes in shaft diameter, should be noted. The type of material, mechanical properties, heat treatment, test locations, nondestructive examination used, and other...
Abstract
In addition to failures in shafts, this article discusses failures in connecting rods, which translate rotary motion to linear motion (and conversely), and in piston rods, which translate the action of fluid power to linear motion. It begins by discussing the origins of fracture. Next, the article describes the background information about the shaft used for examination. Then, it focuses on various failures in shafts, namely bending fatigue, torsional fatigue, axial fatigue, contact fatigue, wear, brittle fracture, and ductile fracture. Further, the article discusses the effects of distortion and corrosion on shafts. Finally, it discusses the types of stress raisers and the influence of changes in shaft diameter.
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4140 steel cross-travel shaft that failed in service. (a) Broken end of the...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2002
Fig. 17 4140 steel cross-travel shaft that failed in service. (a) Broken end of the shaft from a derrick showing the star-type fracture that results from reversed torsional loading. (b) Transverse section through the spline showing cracks initiated at sharp corners at the roots of the spline
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