Search Results for spheroidizing

Fig. 5 Effect of prior microstructure on spheroidizing a 1040 steel at 700 °C (1290 °F) for 21 h. (a) Starting from a martensitic microstructure (as-quenched). (b) Starting from a ferrite-pearlite microstructure (fully annealed). Etched in 4% picral plus 2% nital. Original magnification: 1000× More

Fig. 25 AISI L1, spheroidize annealed. Note the very-well-formed spheroidal carbides. 4% picral. 500× More

Fig. 2 Mechanisms of the spheroidization of alpha lamellae. (a) Spheroidization driven by the formation of subboundaries or shear bands within alpha lamellae. Source: Ref 9 . (b, c) Observation of shear bands developed during hot deformation. Source: Ref 8 , 11 More

Fig. 1 Correlation between hardenability based on normalized and spheroidize-annealed prior structures in alloyed 1.0% C steels. Source: Ref 1 More

Fig. 4 Spheroidized microstructure of 1040 steel after 21 h at 700 °C (1290 °F). 4% picral etch. Original magnification: 1000× More

Fig. 6 The extent of spheroidization at 700 °C (1290 °F) for 200 h for the 1040 steel starting from a ferrite-pearlite microstructure etched in 4% picral. Original magnification: 1000× More

Fig. 8 Effect of partial spheroidization on surface finish and tool life in subsequent machining of 5160 steel. (a) Annealed (pearlitic) microstructure (hardness: 241 HB) and surface finish of flange after machining of eight pieces. (b) Tool life between grinds, min. (c) Partially spheroidized More

Fig. 44 Effect of spheroidization on the rupture strength of carbon-molybdenum steel (0.17C-0.88Mn-0.20Si-0.42Mo). Source: Ref 73 More

Fig. 3 Typical graphite shapes after ASTM A247. I, spheroidal graphite; II, imperfect spheroidal graphite; III, temper graphite, IV, compacted graphite; V, crab graphite; VI, exploded graphite; VII, flake graphite More

Fig. 13 Short-term elevated-temperature tensile strengths of (a) partially spheroidized pearlitic malleable irons produced by air cooling after the temper carbon anneal, (b) finely spheroidized pearlitic malleable irons produced by oil quenching after the temper carbon anneal, and (c) oil More

Fig. 6 Carbides are fully spheroidized from thermal degradation near failure. Voids (dark sites) have formed along the grain boundaries that are perpendicular to the direction of applied stress. Original magnification 1050× More

Fig. 6 Microstructure of spheroidal graphite in cast ductile iron. Graphite (dark) is surrounded by ferrite (white) in a pearlite matrix. Original magnification: 250×. Courtesy of Bruce Boardman More

Fig. 23 Tensile and yield strength of spheroidal graphite iron test bars versus resonant frequency. Source: Ref 55 More

Fig. 10 Tensile strength versus hardness for spheroidal graphite (SG), compacted graphite (CG), and flake graphite (FG) irons. Source: Ref 18 More

Fig. 11 Effect of carbon equivalent on the tensile strength of spheroidal, compacted, and flake graphite irons cast in 30 mm (1.2 in.) diameter bars. Source: Ref 3 More

Fig. 24 Correlation between ultrasonic velocity and nodularity. SG, spheroidal graphite, CG, compacted graphite, FG, flake graphite. Source: Ref 7 More

Fig. 6 Spheroidal silicon oxide particles formed on 316L part on cooling in a marginal dewpoint furnace atmosphere. Source: Ref 4 More

Fig. 19 Isothermal growth of a graphite spheroid within an austenite shell and growth of the shell with a smooth interface. (a) Growth of spheroidal graphite in contact with melt. (b) Envelopment by austenite. (c) Growth of spheroidal graphite within the austenite shell. Source: Ref 24 More

Fig. 20 Schematic illustrating the progression of growth in austenite-spheroidal graphite eutectic More

Fig. 21 SEM micrographs of deep-etched spheroidal graphite samples showing a fractured graphite spheroid (a). Nodularity decreases from (a) through (c). More