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Published: 01 December 2008
Fig. 23 Tensile and yield strength of spheroidal graphite iron test bars versus resonant frequency. Source: Ref 55 More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 18 Macrostructure of a spheroidal graphite iron etched by direct austempering after solidification. Source: Ref 13 More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 27 Microstructures of spheroidal graphite iron found in the same microshrinkage cavity from a spheroidal graphite iron plate. (a) Austenite dendrites. (b) Eutectic (spheroidal graphite) aggregates. Source: Ref 21 More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 28 Mechanism of solidification of spheroidal graphite iron showing primary dendrite grains and graphite nodules growing from the eutectic intradendritic liquid More
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Published: 31 August 2017
Fig. 12 (a) Microstructure of spheroidal graphite iron alloy derived from x-ray tomography. (b) Representative volume element (RVE) finite-element model. (c) Example of plastic strain distribution in the RVE at horizontal tensile load More
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Published: 31 August 2017
Fig. 35 Microstructures of spheroidal graphite iron found in the same microshrinkage cavity from a cast plate. (a) Primary austenite dendrite. (b) Eutectic austenite dendrite with encapsulated graphite spheroids. (c) Overall view of microshrinkage. Reprinted with permission from The American More
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Published: 31 August 2017
Fig. 15 Cooling curve of spheroidal graphite iron for various numbers of growing nodules. Source: Ref 8 More
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Published: 31 August 2017
Fig. 6 Influence of spheroidal graphite iron metal matrix on the mechanism of tool wear. Source: Ref 7 More
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Published: 31 August 2017
Fig. 19 Relative machinability of several types of spheroidal graphite iron (ductile iron) and steel. ADI, austempered ductile iron. Source: Ref 20 More
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Published: 31 August 2017
Fig. 21 Tool life when machining traditional spheroidal graphite iron (GJS-500-7 and GJS-600-3) and solution-strengthened spheroidal graphite iron (GJS-500-14 and GJS-600-10). Machining was done at a cutting speed of 240 m/min (790 ft/min) until 0.2 mm (0.008 in.) flank wear. Source: Ref 22 More
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Published: 31 August 2017
Fig. 38 Strength versus resonant frequency in spheroidal graphite iron test bars. Source: Ref 85 More
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Published: 01 February 2024
Fig. 45 Hardenability curves of spheroidal graphite iron grades. (a) 400/12. (b) 500/7. (c) 700/3 More
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 1A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 August 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v01a.a0006345
EISBN: 978-1-62708-179-5
... Abstract Ductile iron, also known as nodular iron or spheroidal graphite iron, is second to gray iron in the amount of casting produced. This article discusses the common grades of ductile iron that differ primarily by the matrix structure that contains the spherical graphite. The grades...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 1A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 August 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v01a.a0006300
EISBN: 978-1-62708-179-5
... untransformed volume. The article describes the austenite decomposition to ferrite and pearlite in spheroidal graphite irons and lamellar graphite irons. It provides a discussion on modeling austenite decomposition to ferrite and pearlite. austenite decomposition austenite-to-pearlite transformation...
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Published: 01 December 2008
Fig. 6 Microstructure of spheroidal graphite in cast ductile iron. Graphite (dark) is surrounded by ferrite (white) in a pearlite matrix. Original magnification: 250×. Courtesy of Bruce Boardman More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 1 Spheroidal graphite in as-cast ductile iron (Fe-3.7%C-2.4%Si-0.59%Mn-0.025%P-0.01%S-0.095%Mo-1.4%Cu) close to the edge of the specimen, which was 30 mm (1.2 in.) in diameter. The specimen was embedded. As-polished. 100× More
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Published: 01 December 1998
Fig. 1 Spheroidal graphite in an unetched ductile iron matrix shown at 75× (a) and in the etched (picral) condition shown at 300× (b). Etching reveals that the matrix consists of ferritic envelopes around the graphite nodules (bull's-eye structure) surrounded by a pearlitic matrix. More
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Published: 01 December 1998
Fig. 2 Austempered ductile iron structure consisting of spheroidal graphite in a matrix of bainitic ferritic plates (dark) and interplate austenite (white) More
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Published: 27 April 2016
Fig. 13 Graphite in spheroidal cast iron, which results from the divorced growth of the phases. Etched with nital. Original magnification: 130×. Source: Ref 6 More
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Published: 31 August 2017
Fig. 4 Microstructure of unalloyed spheroidal graphite cast iron austempered at (a) 360 °C (680 °F) for 60 min (original magnification: 500×) and (b) 280 °C (535 °F) for 90 min More