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Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04a.a0005798
EISBN: 978-1-62708-165-8
... provides information on the microscopic method used to detect smaller variations in carbon content, and reviews consecutive cuts analysis and spectrographic analysis that are used to accurately evaluate the carbon concentration profile of carburized parts. It describes procedures of and precautions...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04a.a0005795
EISBN: 978-1-62708-165-8
... methods of measuring case depth in steels, including chemical methods such as the combustion analysis and spectrographic analysis, microhardness test method, macroscopic and microscopic visual methods, and nondestructive methods. It contains a table that provides approximate equivalent hardness numbers...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003199
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... of guidelines for safety procedures that are common to all industrial heat treating furnace installations. carbon potential measurement electromagnetic testing furnace atmosphere control devices furnace safety procedures heat treating processed steel parts spectrographic analysis temperature...
Book Chapter

By Robert Voigt
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 1A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 August 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v01a.a0006318
EISBN: 978-1-62708-179-5
... irons. Spectrographic analysis of charge materials and the cast iron melt composition before and after melt treatment and inoculation is a primary tool used to control trace and tramp elements in cast irons. In many cases, the acceptable elemental composition levels and ranges for trace elements is very...
Book Chapter

By Thomas R. Dulski
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 10
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1986
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v10.a0001739
EISBN: 978-1-62708-178-8
... Wet chemical analysis excludes all spectrographic techniques that measure the emission of electromagnetic energy from the sample. Similarly excluded from this article are all other fundamentally instrumental analytical techniques, although extensive chemical pretreatment may be required for their use...
Book Chapter

By Rathindra DasGupta
Book: Casting
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 15
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v15.a0005340
EISBN: 978-1-62708-187-0
... techniques is provided below. Chemical Analysis Elemental composition of an impurity is determined either wet or via spectrographic analysis in unfiltered and filtered samples ( Ref 1 ). An efficiency parameter (η) is then used to describe the filter performance ( Ref 1 ): (Eq 1) η = 100...
Book Chapter

By J.H. Adams
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1990
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02.a0001090
EISBN: 978-1-62708-162-7
...-bearing impurities; therefore, maximum limits of 10 to 20 ppm are usually placed on HCl, OH, CH 2 , and CH 3 contents. Analytical and Test Methods The analysis of ores for germanium is usually done with an emission spectrograph but can be done in the field with the phenylfluorone method ( Ref 41...
Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 1995
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.emde.a0006515
EISBN: 978-1-62708-200-6
... quantitative spectrographic analysis mV millivolt r radius vector in a plane normal to the axis MV megavolt PEK polyetherketone MVT moisture vapor transmission PES, PESV polyether sulfone r particle radius; radius of curvature; rate of MW molecular weight PET polyethylene terephthalate n growth exponent PETG...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 21
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v21.a0003437
EISBN: 978-1-62708-195-5
... be chemically analyzed by appropriate methods. Composites containing silicon carbide cannot be analyzed by spectrographic methods due to the silicon signal coming from the reinforcement. The most reliable method is the ICP method. Since the ICP method involves dissolving the sample, a volume fraction analysis...
Book Chapter

By R.B. Fricioni, Loren Essig
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 10
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1986
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v10.a0001747
EISBN: 978-1-62708-178-8
... studies, which indicated a high aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) content. Oxygen analysis by inert gas fusion indicated the total oxygen content to be correct, and a spectrographic analysis showed the aluminum content to be correct. A solid specimen of the material was prepared and analyzed by a controlled...
Book Chapter

By George F. Vander Voort
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0001822
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... Railroads) with evidence of copper penetration. The axle from the Macon, Dublin & Savannah Railroad had gross cracking with visible copper-colored material in the cracks. Spectrographic analysis of samples from both axles containing copper penetration revealed that the major constituents were copper...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 10
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1986
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v10.a0005692
EISBN: 978-1-62708-178-8
... the time interval between the is used in spectrographic analysis to cal- portant information about atomic arrange- absorption and re-emission of light is very culate the relative intensity of a radiant ments and bonding. Either synchrotron short. Contrast with phosphorescence. source from the density...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003228
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... marks, some means of sorting mixed lots is necessary. The best method of identifying such items is by quantitative chemical analysis. However, chemical or spectrographic analyses require extensive, time-consuming procedures and expensive equipment that may not be fully utilized. Also, a complete...
Book Chapter

By Franc Ravnik, Janez Grum
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4F
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 February 2024
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v4F.a0006999
EISBN: 978-1-62708-450-5
... Abstract This article discusses an experimental setup and a measuring setup for capturing acoustic emission during quenching. It presents the procedure for sound-emission measurement and an analysis of the acoustic spectrum obtained during quenching. acoustic emission quenching sound...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 1A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 August 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v01a.a0006299
EISBN: 978-1-62708-179-5
... called cooling curve analysis) can provide more complete insight into the dynamic changes occurring upon melting and melt treatment of cast iron than other methods, such as fractured test samples (e.g., the wedge test) and spectrographic chemical analysis. Initially, TA was used for the rapid evaluation...
Book Chapter

By Franc Ravnik, Janez Grum
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2014
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04b.a0005935
EISBN: 978-1-62708-166-5
... the acoustic signal (spectrograph) obtained during quenching in different media. Point 1 for pure water; point 2 for 5% solution. Other curves for 10 and 15% solutions (two types each, type A and B). (a) 150 Hz frequency. (b) 16,000 Hz frequency The analysis of the acoustic spectrum obtained during...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 10
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v10.a0006748
EISBN: 978-1-62708-213-6
... in which data signals originate. tron microscope (SEM) usually directed at in spectrographic analysis to calculate the the same point where the sample can be relative intensity of a radiant source from expansivity. The thermal strain of a material, located. Also known as cross-beam or dual- the density...
Book Chapter

By Mary G. Natrella
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 8
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2000
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v08.a0009214
EISBN: 978-1-62708-176-4
... in one block. For example, suppose that a block is one day, but that the time required for each test is so long that all experimental treatments cannot be run in one day. The limitation might also be due to a lack of space, such as in spectrographic analysis in which a block may be one photographic plate...
Book Chapter

By Paul B. Farnsworth
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 10
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1986
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v10.a0001728
EISBN: 978-1-62708-178-8
... Abstract This article discusses the general principles, optical systems, and emission sources of optical emission spectroscopy for elemental analysis. Changes in the energy of the valence or outer shell electrons result in the atomic lines used in emission spectroscopy. Each possible...
Book Chapter

By Brett A. Miller, Daniel P. Dennies
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 August 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11A.a0006828
EISBN: 978-1-62708-329-4
... the filler metal and of flux. Spectrographic analysis of the oxide residue indicated that it contained major amounts (more than 10%) of silver and copper and minor amounts (0.5 to 10%) of cadmium and zinc, which confirmed that it had been derived from the filler metal. However, the residue conjectured...