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Chongchen Xiang, Nikhil Gupta
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Image
Published: 01 June 2016
Image
Microstructure of B206 alloy using modified solution heat treatment. Source...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 June 2016
Fig. 5 Microstructure of B206 alloy using modified solution heat treatment. Source: Ref 9 . Reprinted with permission from the American Foundry Society
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Image
Influence of solution heat treatment (SHT) temperature on rupture life of N...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 June 2016
Fig. 11 Influence of solution heat treatment (SHT) temperature on rupture life of Nimonic 80A (UNS N07080) superalloy at 235 MPa (34 ksi) and 750 °C (1380 °F), showing effect of 1000 °C (1832 °F) intermediate heat treatment before aging. Open datapoints: SHT for 4 h, cool to intermediate heat
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Image
Published: 30 November 2018
Image
Microstructure of B206 alloy using modified solution heat treatment. Source...
Available to PurchasePublished: 30 November 2018
Fig. 5 Microstructure of B206 alloy using modified solution heat treatment. Source: Ref 9 . Reprinted with permission from the American Foundry Society
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Image
Precipitation heat treatment or artificial aging curves for solution heat-t...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 December 1998
Fig. 9 Precipitation heat treatment or artificial aging curves for solution heat-treated aluminum alloy 6061
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Precipitation heat treatment or artificial aging curves for solution heat t...
Available to PurchasePublished: 30 November 2018
Fig. 19 Precipitation heat treatment or artificial aging curves for solution heat treated aluminum alloy 6061
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Precipitation heat treatment or artificial aging curves for solution heat-t...
Available to Purchase
in Aluminum Mill and Engineered Wrought Products
> Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys and Special-Purpose Materials
Published: 01 January 1990
Fig. 12 Precipitation heat treatment or artificial aging curves for solution heat-treated aluminum alloy 6061
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Book Chapter
Heat Treatment of Aluminum Alloy Castings
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 November 2018
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02a.a0006507
EISBN: 978-1-62708-207-5
... on the fundamental technical aspects involved in each process step. The intent is to convey a good understanding of the fundamental aspects of heat treatment. Typical heat treatments of aluminum casting alloys are presented in a table. The article describes the solution heat treatment, quenching, and preaging of Al...
Abstract
The strength of aluminum castings can be improved significantly by heat treatments, which control the size, shape, and distribution of the impurity elements in the casting. This article presents a discussion on the heat treatment of aluminum alloy castings, with a focus on the fundamental technical aspects involved in each process step. The intent is to convey a good understanding of the fundamental aspects of heat treatment. Typical heat treatments of aluminum casting alloys are presented in a table. The article describes the solution heat treatment, quenching, and preaging of Al-Si-Mg alloys, as well as the solution heat treatment and artificial aging of Al-Si-Cu-Mg casting alloys.
Book: Casting
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 15
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v15.a0005230
EISBN: 978-1-62708-187-0
... elevated temperature and artificially aged T6 Solutionized, quenched, and artificially aged T7 Solutionized, quenched, and artificially overaged W Unstable temper for alloys that age spontaneously at room temperature after solution heat treatment Solution Heat Treatment Solution heat...
Abstract
This article provides an overview of heat treatment processes, namely, solution heat treatment, quenching, natural aging, and artificial aging. It contains a table that lists the various heat treatment tempers commonly practiced for nonferrous castings. The article describes microstructural changes that occur due to the heat treatment of cast alloys.
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4E
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2016
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04e.a0006285
EISBN: 978-1-62708-169-6
... by extremely fine, dispersed second-phase particles are: solution heat treatment, quenching, and age hardening. Finally, the article also discusses the process parameters of annealing, including the effect of strain, effect of temperature, effect of heating rate, and the effect of alloy elements...
Abstract
Annealing is an essential treatment in the fabrication of metal parts and semiproducts. This article discusses the processes involved in annealing, namely, recovery, recrystallization, and grain coarsening. It lists the heat treatment conditions of processed aluminum alloys. It provides information on the types of heat treatment, which include preheating, full anneal, stabilization, and stoving. The article describes the steps involved for achieving the age-hardening effect and the strongest hardening effect in aluminum. The steps to increase the strength of aluminum alloys by extremely fine, dispersed second-phase particles are: solution heat treatment, quenching, and age hardening. Finally, the article also discusses the process parameters of annealing, including the effect of strain, effect of temperature, effect of heating rate, and the effect of alloy elements, and the effect of annealing on anisotropy.
Book Chapter
Metallurgy of Heat Treatable Aluminum Alloys
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 November 2018
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02a.a0006509
EISBN: 978-1-62708-207-5
... Abstract Heat treatment of aluminum alloys frequently refers to the heat treatable aluminum alloys that can be strengthened by solution treatment, quenching, and subsequent hardening. This article introduces the general metallurgy of strengthening aluminum alloys by heat treatment. It discusses...
Abstract
Heat treatment of aluminum alloys frequently refers to the heat treatable aluminum alloys that can be strengthened by solution treatment, quenching, and subsequent hardening. This article introduces the general metallurgy of strengthening aluminum alloys by heat treatment. It discusses various heat treatable alloying elements, such as copper, chromium, iron, magnesium, silicon, zinc, and lithium. The article describes the age-hardening treatments and generalized precipitation sequence for aluminum alloys. It reviews the solution heat treatment in terms of solution heating time and temperature, as well as high-temperature oxidation. The article also discusses quench sensitivity, vacancy loss, grain-boundary precipitates, and quench delay for the heat treatment of aluminum. It concludes with a discussion on the deformation of aluminum alloys prior to aging.
Book Chapter
7040 and 7140 High-Strength Plate
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02b.a0006731
EISBN: 978-1-62708-210-5
... Abstract Alloy 7040 is a variation of 7050, where Zr additions prevent recrystallization of hot-worked products during solution heat treatment without the quench sensitivity from additions of Cr. This datasheet provides information on composition limits and fabrication characteristics...
Abstract
Alloy 7040 is a variation of 7050, where Zr additions prevent recrystallization of hot-worked products during solution heat treatment without the quench sensitivity from additions of Cr. This datasheet provides information on composition limits and fabrication characteristics of aluminum alloys 7040 and 7140 and processing effects on mechanical properties of aluminum alloy 7040-T7651 high-strength plate.
Book Chapter
Heat Treating of Magnesium Alloy Metal-Matrix Composites
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4E
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2016
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04e.a0006258
EISBN: 978-1-62708-169-6
... and composites. It discusses the microstructures used for the most common magnesium alloys used in metal-matrix composites, namely, magnesium-aluminum, magnesium-rare earth and magnesium-lithium alloys. The article focuses on the most common methods of heat treatment, including solution heat treatment...
Abstract
Magnesium-matrix composites (MgMCs) are very promising as structural materials because of their low density, high specific strength, and excellent castability. This article provides information on the characteristics, mechanical properties, and applications of magnesium alloys and composites. It discusses the microstructures used for the most common magnesium alloys used in metal-matrix composites, namely, magnesium-aluminum, magnesium-rare earth and magnesium-lithium alloys. The article focuses on the most common methods of heat treatment, including solution heat treatment, precipitation strengthening or aging, and annealing, applied to these alloys. Finally, it describes the microstructural aspects and precipitate-matrix relationships of MgMCs as well as the heat treatment methods for MgMCs.
Book Chapter
Metallurgy of Heat Treatable Aluminum Alloys
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4E
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2016
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04e.a0006287
EISBN: 978-1-62708-169-6
.... It also discusses the mechanisms used for strengthening aluminum alloys, including solid-solution hardening, grain-size strengthening, work or strain hardening, and precipitation hardening. The process of precipitation hardening involves solution heat treatment, quenching, and subsequent aging...
Abstract
This article describes the general categories and metallurgy of heat treatable aluminum alloys. It briefly reviews the key impurities and each of the principal alloying elements in aluminum alloys, namely, copper, magnesium, manganese, silicon, zinc, iron, lithium, titanium, boron, zirconium, chromium, vanadium, scandium, nickel, tin, and bismuth. The article discusses the secondary phases in aluminum alloys, namely, nonmetallic inclusions, porosity, primary particles, constituent particles, dispersoids, precipitates, grain and dislocation structure, and crystallographic texture. It also discusses the mechanisms used for strengthening aluminum alloys, including solid-solution hardening, grain-size strengthening, work or strain hardening, and precipitation hardening. The process of precipitation hardening involves solution heat treatment, quenching, and subsequent aging of the as-quenched supersaturated solid solution. The article briefly discusses these processes of precipitation hardening. It also reviews precipitation in various alloy systems, including 2xxx, 6xxx, 7xxx, aluminum-lithium, and Al-Mg-Li systems.
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 1
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1990
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v01.a0001050
EISBN: 978-1-62708-161-0
... components is precisely controlled so that the microstructure, which ultimately determines mechanical properties, remains consistent. Heat treating cast superalloys involves homogenization and solution heat treatments or aging heat treatments. cast cobalt-base superalloys cast microstructure heat...
Abstract
The initial cast superalloy developments in the United States centered on cobalt-base materials. Nickel-base and nickel-iron-base superalloys owe their high-temperature strength potential to their gamma prime content. For polycrystalline superalloy components, high-temperature strength is affected by the condition of the grain boundaries and, in particular, the grain-boundary carbide morphology and distribution. Vacuum induction melting offers more control over alloy composition and homogeneity than all other vacuum melting processes. The primary purification reaction occurring in the process is the removal of melt contained oxygen by means of a reaction with carbon to form carbon monoxide. A number of casting processes can provide near-net shape superalloy cast parts, but essentially all components are produced by investment casting. The solidification of investment cast superalloy components is precisely controlled so that the microstructure, which ultimately determines mechanical properties, remains consistent. Heat treating cast superalloys involves homogenization and solution heat treatments or aging heat treatments.
Book Chapter
Heat Treatment of Aluminum Alloy Castings
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4E
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2016
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04e.a0006264
EISBN: 978-1-62708-169-6
... considered here are: Al-Cu and Al-Cu-Mg (2xx) alloys, Al-Zn-Mg (7xx) alloys, Al-Si-Mg alloys, Al-Si-Cu, and Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloys. aluminum alloys artificial aging castings chemical composition heat treatment natural aging quenching solution heat treatment THE STRENGTH OF ALUMINUM CASTINGS can...
Abstract
This article presents a detailed discussion on typical thermal treatment practices for hardening of various aluminum casting alloys. These practices are solution treatment, quenching or cooling, preaging, and artificial aging at an elevated temperature. The aluminum casting alloys considered here are: Al-Cu and Al-Cu-Mg (2xx) alloys, Al-Zn-Mg (7xx) alloys, Al-Si-Mg alloys, Al-Si-Cu, and Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloys.
Book Chapter
Alloy and Temper Designation Systems for Aluminum
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003122
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... after solution heat treatment. The designation is specific only when the period of natural aging is indicated (for example, W 1 2 h). See also the discussion of the T x 51, T x 52, and T x 54 tempers in the section “System for Heat-Treatable Alloys” in this article. T, Solution Heat...
Abstract
This article describes the systems for designating the aluminum and aluminum alloys that incorporate the product forms (wrought, casting or foundry ingots) and its respective temper for strain-hardened alloys, heat-treatable alloys and annealed alloys. All these systems are covered by American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standard H35.1. Furthermore, the article provides a short note on the designation of unregistered tempers.
Book Chapter
Heat Treatment Practices of Age-Hardenable Aluminum Alloys
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4E
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2016
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04e.a0006288
EISBN: 978-1-62708-169-6
...-magnesium systems, aluminum-zinc-magnesium-copper systems, and aluminum-lithium alloys. aging aluminum alloys heat treatment solution heat treatment THE MAJOR ALUMINUM ALLOY SYSTEMS that are capable of precipitation hardening include: Aluminum-copper systems ( Table 1 ) with hardening...
Abstract
This article focuses on the aging characteristics of solution and precipitation heat treated aluminum alloy systems and their corresponding types. It includes information on aluminum-copper systems, aluminum-copper-magnesium systems, aluminum-magnesium-silicon systems, aluminum-zinc-magnesium systems, aluminum-zinc-magnesium-copper systems, and aluminum-lithium alloys.
Image
Residual stresses measured by a neutron diffraction technique in a U-0.8Ti ...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 June 2016
Fig. 10 Residual stresses measured by a neutron diffraction technique in a U-0.8Ti alloy cylinder. (a) After a gamma solution heat treatment and water immersion quench, a biaxial stress state is observed with very large surface compressive and interior tensile residual stresses. (b) Aging
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