Search Results for solidus projection

This article is a compilation of ternary alloy phase diagrams for which iron (Fe) is the first-named element in the ternary system. The diagrams are presented with element compositions in weight percent. The article includes 16 phase diagrams: Fe-Mn-Ni liquidus projection; Fe-Mn-Ni isothermal section at 750 °C; Fe-Mn-Ni isothermal section at 850 °C; Fe-Mn-Ni isothermal section at 650 °C; Fe-Mn-Ni isothermal section at 550 °C; Fe-Mo-Nb isothermal section at 1050 °C; Fe-Mo-Nb isothermal section at 1150 °C; Fe-Mo-Nb isothermal section at 900 °C; Fe-Mo-Ni liquidus projection; Fe-Mo-Ni isothermal section at 1100 °C; Fe-Mo-Ni isothermal section at 1200 °C; Fe-Ni-W liquidus and solidus projections; Fe-Ni-W isothermal section at 1500 °C; Fe-Ni-W isothermal section at 1455 °C; Fe-Ni-W isothermal section at 1465 °C; and Fe-Ni-W isothermal section at 1400 °C.

This article is a compilation of ternary alloy phase diagrams for which aluminum (Al) is the first-named element in the ternary system. The other elements are C, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ga, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Nb, Ni, Sb, Si, Ti, U, V and Zn. The diagrams are presented with element compositions in weight percent. The article includes 136 phase diagrams (liquidus projection, solidus projection, isothermal section, vertical section, and solvus projection).

This article is a compilation of ternary alloy phase diagrams for which copper (Cu) is the first-named element in the ternary system. The other elements are Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, S, Sb, Si, Sn, Ti and Zn. The diagrams are presented with element compositions in weight percent. The article includes 42 phase diagrams (liquidus projection, solidus projection, isopleths, isothermal section and vertical section).

This article is a compilation of ternary alloy phase diagrams for which cobalt (Co) is the first-named element in the ternary system. The other elements are Cr, Cu, Fe, Mo, Ni, Ti, V, and W. The diagrams are presented with element compositions in weight percent. The article includes 36 phase diagrams (liquidus projection, solidus projection and isothermal section).

This article is a compilation of ternary alloy phase diagrams for which chromium (Cr) is the first-named element in the ternary system. The other elements are Fe, Mn, Mo, N, Nb, Ni, Ti, V and W. The diagrams are presented with element compositions in weight percent. The article includes 55 phase diagrams (liquidus projection, solidus projection, isothermal section and vertical section).

This article is a compilation of ternary alloy phase diagrams for which carbon (C) is the first-named element in the ternary system. The other elements are Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, N, Ni, S, Si, Ti, V, and W. The diagrams are presented with element compositions in weight percent. The article includes 136 phase diagrams (solidus projection, liquidus projection, isothermal section and vertical section).

This article describes the liquidus plots, isothermal plots, and isopleth plots used for a hypothetical ternary phase space diagram. It discusses the single-phase boundary (SPB) line and zero-phase fraction (ZPF) line for carbon-chromium-iron isopleth. The article illustrates the Gibbs triangle for plotting ternary composition and discusses the ternary three-phase phase diagrams by using tie triangles. It describes the peritectic system with three-phase equilibrium and ternary four-phase equilibrium. The article presents representative binary iron phase diagrams, showing ferrite stabilization (iron-chromium) and austenite stabilization (iron-nickel).

Alloy phase diagrams are useful for the development, fabrication, design and control of heat treatment procedures that will produce the required mechanical, physical, and chemical properties of new alloys. They are also useful in solving problems that arise in their performance in commercial applications, thus improving product predictability. This article describes different equilibrium phase diagrams (unary, binary, and ternary) and microstructures, description terms, and general principles of reading alloy phase diagrams. Further, the article discusses plotting schemes; areas in a phase diagram; and the position and shapes of the points, lines, surfaces, and intersections, which are controlled by thermodynamic principles and properties of all phases that comprise the system. It also illustrates the application of the stated principles with suitable phase diagrams.

The application of phase diagrams is instrumental in solid-state transformations for the processing and heat treatment of alloys. A unary phase diagram plots the phase changes of one element as a function of temperature and pressure. This article discusses the unary system that can exist as a solid, liquid, and/or gas, depending on the specific combination of temperature and pressure. It describes the accomplishment of conversion between weight percentage and atomic percentage in a binary system by the use of formulas. The article analyzes the effects of alloying on melting/solidification and on solid-state transformations. It explains the construction of phase diagrams by the Gibbs phase rule and the Lever rule. The article also reviews the various types of alloy systems that involve solid-state transformations. It concludes with information on the sources of phase diagram.

The term isomorphous refers to metals that are completely miscible in each other in both the liquid and solid states. This article discusses the construction of simple phase diagrams by using the appropriate points obtained from time-temperature cooling curves. It describes the two methods to determine a phase diagram with equilibrated alloys: the static method and the dynamic method. The article illustrates the construction of phase boundaries according to the Gibbs' phase rule and describes the calculation methods that allow the prediction of the phases present, the chemical compositions of the phases present, and the amounts of phases present. Phase diagrams provide useful information for understanding alloy solidification. The article provides two simple models that can describe the limiting cases of solidification behavior.

This article focuses on the necessary basics for thermomechanical fusion welding simulations and provides an overview of the specific aspects to be considered for a simulation project. These aspects include the required material properties, experimental data needed for validation of the simulation results, simplifications and assumptions as a prerequisite for modeling, and thermomechanical simulation. The article concludes with information on the sensitivity of the material properties data with respect to the simulation results. It also provides hints on the central challenge of having the right material properties at hand for a specific simulation task.

This article discusses the application of thermodynamic in the form of phase diagrams for visually representing the state of a material and for understanding the solidification of alloys. It presents the derivation of the relationship between the Gibbs energy functions and phase diagrams, which forms the basis for the calculation of phase diagrams (CALPHAD) method. The article also discusses the calculation of phase diagrams and solidification by using the Scheil-Gulliver equation.

This article is a compilation of property data for standard grades of cast copper alloys. Data are provided for mechanical, physical, thermal, electrical, chemical, nuclear, optical, and magnetic properties. The list for each alloy includes its common name, chemical composition, applications, mass characteristics, and fabrication characteristics.

This article describes different methods by which the composition of cast iron can be analyzed. It provides particular emphasis on the methods for evaluating the graphitization potential of a melt with prescribed limits on carbon, silicon, and alloying elements. The article discusses the effect of cooling rate on the graphitization of a given composition by chill and wedge tests. Thermal analysis of cooling curves gives excellent information about the solidification and subsequent cooling of cast iron alloys. The article presents some applications of the cooling curve analysis and explains the evaluation of carbon-silicon contents, graphite shape, graphite nucleation, and contraction-expansion balance. It illustrates the use of an immersion steel sampling device for compacted graphite iron production and provides information on the ferrite-pearlite ratio in ductile iron.

Powder metallurgy (PM) stainless steels, as with conventional PM steels, are often used in the as-sintered condition. In addition to cost considerations, minimization of postsinter handling and secondary operations is also preferred because it reduces the potential for contamination of the parts with particulates and residues, which can result in the appearance of surface rust. This article provides information on various secondary operations, including tumbling, re-pressing, resin impregnation, annealing or heat treating, brazing, machining, and welding. It describes those aspects relating to welding of PM stainless steels, specifically, the effects of density, residual porosity, and sintered chemistry on weldability. Further, the article investigates the influence the sintering atmosphere has on machinability, as well as differences created by the presence of residual porosity.

This article is a compilation of definitions for terms related to welding fundamentals and all welding processes. The processes include arc and resistance welding, friction stir welding, laser beam welding, explosive welding, and ultrasonic welding.

Alloy 5005, available as architectural sheet and components, was introduced in 1935 to fill the need of the mobile-home industry for a lightweight, inexpensive, workable, corrosion-resistant siding material. This datasheet provides information on composition limits, mill product specifications, processing effects on physical and mechanical properties, and fabrication characteristics of this 5xxx series alloy.