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Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 18
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 December 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v18.a0006433
EISBN: 978-1-62708-192-4
... Abstract Solid particle erosion (SPE) is the loss of material that results from repeated impact of solid particles energized in a carrier fluid. This article reviews important SPE variables, their effects for different classes of materials, composites and coatings, and the mechanisms...
Abstract
Solid particle erosion (SPE) is the loss of material that results from repeated impact of solid particles energized in a carrier fluid. This article reviews important SPE variables, their effects for different classes of materials, composites and coatings, and the mechanisms and theories proposed to explain SPE. It discusses the SPE of metals, steels, and ceramics, as well as erosion of alloys with coarse, nominally two-phase microstructures in which the second-phase particles (SPPs) are typically large compared with the dimensions of the damage zone created by the impact of one particle. The article summarizes the erosion characteristics of polymer matrix composites (PMCs), metal matrix composites (MMCs), ceramic matrix composites (CMCs), and erosion-resistant coatings. The combination of parameters included in most erosion models is also summarized.
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Solid particle erosion dependency on impingement angle and ductility or bri...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 August 2013
Fig. 3 Solid particle erosion dependency on impingement angle and ductility or brittleness of the coating
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in Evaluating Erosion Corrosion, Cavitation, and Impingement
> Corrosion: Fundamentals, Testing, and Protection
Published: 01 January 2003
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Solid-particle-erosion-damaged compressor blades (titanium alloy) from flig...
Available to PurchasePublished: 30 August 2021
Fig. 15 Solid-particle-erosion-damaged compressor blades (titanium alloy) from flight service. The white dashed lines indicate the approximate original contour of the airfoils. The leading edges are facing left, as shown. Note the greater extent of material loss at the trailing edges, where
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Relative effect of impact angle on solid particle erosion of various types ...
Available to PurchasePublished: 15 January 2021
Fig. 1 Relative effect of impact angle on solid particle erosion of various types of materials. The scale for erosion rate is not the same for the different materials. Adapted from Ref 47 – 49
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Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 8
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2000
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v08.a0003284
EISBN: 978-1-62708-176-4
... rig, the wind-tunnel test, and the whirling arm test. The article also details the various test methods used to measure impact velocity of particle and data analysis and interpretation of these four methods. solid particle erosive wear testing particle impact velocity particle impact angle...
Abstract
This article addresses the important variables in erosion, such as particle impact velocity; particle impact angle; particle size, shape, and material; and ambient temperature. It describes four erosion test methods: the gas-blast method, a method using a centrifugal accelerator test rig, the wind-tunnel test, and the whirling arm test. The article also details the various test methods used to measure impact velocity of particle and data analysis and interpretation of these four methods.
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Solid-particle impingement erosion test (ASTM G76) results to compare cobal...
Available to PurchasePublished: 31 December 2017
Fig. 23 Solid-particle impingement erosion test (ASTM G76) results to compare cobalt-base alloys with selected alloys using a 250 to 300 μm (0.010 to 0.012 in.) diameter silicon carbide erodent at impact angles of 30, 60, and 90°. Tests conducted at room temperature with 60 m/s (200 ft/s
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Solid-particle impingement erosion test (ASTM G76) results to compare cobal...
Available to PurchasePublished: 31 December 2017
Fig. 24 Solid-particle impingement erosion test (ASTM G76) results to compare cobalt-base alloys with selected alloys using a 75 to 200 μm (0.003 to 0.008 in.) diameter quartz erodent of impact angles of 30, 60, and 90°. Tests conducted at room temperature with 60 m/s (200 ft/s) particle
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Solid-particle impingement erosion test (ASTM G76) results to compare cobal...
Available to PurchasePublished: 31 December 2017
Fig. 25 Solid-particle impingement erosion test (ASTM G76) results to compare cobalt-base alloys with selected alloys using a 50 μm (in.) alumina erodent of impact angles of 30 and 90°. Tests conducted at room temperature with 84 m/s (276 ft/s) particle velocity. Experimental high-molybdenum
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Room-temperature solid-particle impingement erosion test (ASTM G76) results...
Available to PurchasePublished: 31 December 2017
Fig. 26 Room-temperature solid-particle impingement erosion test (ASTM G76) results to compare cobalt-base alloys with selected alloys using a 400 μm (0.016 in.) mean diameter silicon carbide erodent at an impact angle of 60°. Test parameters: test temperature, 20 °C (70 °F); particle velocity
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High-temperature solid-particle impingement erosion test (ASTM G76) results...
Available to PurchasePublished: 31 December 2017
Fig. 27 High-temperature solid-particle impingement erosion test (ASTM G76) results to compare cobalt-base alloys with selected alloys using an 80 μm (0.003 in.) mean diameter alumina erodent at an impact angle of 30°. Test parameters: test temperature, 850 °C (1560 °F); particle velocity, 20
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Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 January 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0006789
EISBN: 978-1-62708-295-2
... damage of the worn products after the tribological process. Then, the article describes some examples of wear processes, considering possible transitions and/or interactions of the mechanism of fretting wear, rolling-sliding wear, abrasive wear, and solid-particle erosion wear. The role of tribological...
Abstract
This article considers the main characteristics of wear mechanisms and how they can be identified. Some identification examples are reported, with the warning that this task can be difficult because of the presence of disturbing factors such as contaminants or possible additional damage of the worn products after the tribological process. Then, the article describes some examples of wear processes, considering possible transitions and/or interactions of the mechanism of fretting wear, rolling-sliding wear, abrasive wear, and solid-particle erosion wear. The role of tribological parameters on the material response is presented using the wear map concept, which is very useful and informative in several respects. The article concludes with guidelines for the selection of suitable surface treatments to avoid wear failures.
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003568
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... is the progressive loss of original material from a solid surface due to mechanical interaction between that surface and a fluid, a multicomponent fluid, an impinging liquid, or impinging solid particles ( Ref 1 ). Erosion is a rather broad term and can be further classified into a number of more specific terms...
Abstract
Erosion occurs as the result of a number of different mechanisms, depending on the composition, size, and shape of the eroding particles; their velocity and angle of impact; and the composition of the surface being eroded. This article describes the erosion of ductile and brittle materials with the aid of models and equations. It presents three examples of erosive wear failures, namely, abrasive erosion, erosion-corrosion, and cavitation erosion.
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 January 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0006795
EISBN: 978-1-62708-295-2
... Abstract Erosion is the progressive loss of original material from a solid surface due to mechanical interaction between that surface and a fluid, a multicomponent fluid, an impinging liquid, or impinging solid particles. The detrimental effects of erosion have caused problems in a number...
Abstract
Erosion is the progressive loss of original material from a solid surface due to mechanical interaction between that surface and a fluid, a multicomponent fluid, an impinging liquid, or impinging solid particles. The detrimental effects of erosion have caused problems in a number of industries. This article describes the processes involved in erosion of ductile materials, brittle materials, and elastomers. Some examples of erosive wear failures are given on abrasive erosion, liquid impingement erosion, cavitation, and erosion-corrosion. In addition, the article provides information on the selection of materials for applications in which erosive wear failures can occur.
Book: Thermal Spray Technology
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 5A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v05a.a0005734
EISBN: 978-1-62708-171-9
... There are four distinct forms of erosive wear: Dry solid particle erosion Liquid droplet erosion Cavitation erosion Slurry erosion Dry Solid Particle Erosion Dry solid particle erosion (also referred to as blast erosion) is caused by repetitive impingement of solid particles against...
Abstract
The use of thermal spray coatings to restore worn surfaces has provided a significant improvement in surface performance due to improved wear resistance. This article discusses the general use of thermal spray coatings in reducing predominant types of wear, namely, abrasive wear, erosive wear, adhesive wear, and surface fatigue.
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Medium-sized utility turbine with locations of corrosion and erosion of ste...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2006
Fig. 1 Medium-sized utility turbine with locations of corrosion and erosion of steam turbine components. P, pitting; CF, corrosion fatigue; SCC, stress-corrosion cracking; C, crevice corrosion; G, galvanic corrosion; E, erosion; E-C, erosion-corrosion; SPE, solid-particle erosion
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Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1990
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02.a0001073
EISBN: 978-1-62708-162-7
... of hard practice volume fraction and overall hardness. Erosive Wear Four distinct forms of erosive wear have been identified: Solid-particle erosion Liquid-droplet erosion Cavitation erosion Slurry erosion Solid-particle erosion is caused by the impingement of small, solid...
Abstract
This article provides a general overview of physical and mechanical properties, alloy compositions, applications, and product forms of cobalt-base alloys as wear-resistant, corrosion-resistant, and/or heat-resistant materials. The discussion is largely focused on cobalt-base alloys for wear resistance, as this is the single largest application area of cobalt-base alloys.
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Wear on suction surface of centrifugal pump impeller by cavitation and soli...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2002
Fig. 9 Wear on suction surface of centrifugal pump impeller by cavitation and solid particle erosion. Courtesy of CETIM
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Wear on pressure surface of centrifugal pump impeller by cavitation and sol...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2002
Fig. 10 Wear on pressure surface of centrifugal pump impeller by cavitation and solid particle erosion. Courtesy of CETIM
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Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 18
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 December 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v18.a0006428
EISBN: 978-1-62708-192-4
... efficiency. Clearly the scale of the machines involved vary with the power generated. Wear related damage occurs through different modes, including fretting, impact, solid particle and liquid droplet erosion and high-speed rub between moving and stationary parts (see divisions Wear by Rolling, Sliding...
Abstract
This article illustrates typical wear and friction issues encountered in gas and steam turbines and their consequences as well as commonly adopted materials solutions. It contains tables that present the summary of wear and friction related issues encountered in steam turbines and gas turbines. The article outlines the differences in the operating conditions and the nature of the components involved in gas and steam turbines. It discusses the constraints and applicable coating solutions for wear and friction issues, and concludes with a broad set of challenges that need to be addressed to improve performance and operability of gas and steam turbines.
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