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Book Chapter
Sheet Molding Compounds
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 1995
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.emde.a0003035
EISBN: 978-1-62708-200-6
... Abstract Sheet molding compounds (SMCs) refers to both material and process for producing glass-fiber-reinforced polyester resin items. This article discusses the material components incorporated into the resin paste for desirable processing and molding characteristics and optimum physical...
Abstract
Sheet molding compounds (SMCs) refers to both material and process for producing glass-fiber-reinforced polyester resin items. This article discusses the material components incorporated into the resin paste for desirable processing and molding characteristics and optimum physical and mechanical properties, including catalyst, fillers, thickeners, pigments, thermoplastic polymers, flame retardants, and ultraviolet absorbers. It talks about the mixing techniques available for SMC resin pastes, including batch, batch/continuous, and continuous mixing. The article also outlines the design features and the operations of continuous-belt and beltless machine type SMCs.
Image
Composite cross sections. (a) Sheet molding compound made from carbon-black...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 December 2004
Fig. 1 Composite cross sections. (a) Sheet molding compound made from carbon-black-filled epoxy resin and chopped glass fiber. Bright-field illumination, 65 mm macrophotograph montage. (b) Quasi-isotropic unidirectional prepreg laminate. Slightly uncrossed polarized light, 5× objective
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Published: 01 November 1995
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Published: 01 November 1995
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Published: 01 November 1995
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Published: 01 January 2001
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Cure of sheet molding compound in shear sandwich mode. Cross-linking reacti...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2001
Fig. 5 Cure of sheet molding compound in shear sandwich mode. Cross-linking reaction indicated by sharp increase in shear modulus. Frequency: 1 Hz; amplitude: 20 μm
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Image
Sheet molding compound and prepreg production versus total reinforced plast...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2001
Fig. 2 Sheet molding compound and prepreg production versus total reinforced plastics production in the United States
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Book Chapter
Compression Molding and Stamping
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 1995
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.emde.a0003019
EISBN: 978-1-62708-200-6
... Abstract The compression molding process is most commonly called the sheet molding compound (SMC) process in reference to the precursor sheet molding compound material it uses. This article discusses the types of materials used for sheet manufacture, and describes the manufacturing...
Abstract
The compression molding process is most commonly called the sheet molding compound (SMC) process in reference to the precursor sheet molding compound material it uses. This article discusses the types of materials used for sheet manufacture, and describes the manufacturing and processing parameters of SMC components, providing details on tooling and process advantages and limitations. The article provides a general overview of the types of compression molding processes, including structural compression molding and thermoplastic compression molding.
Book Chapter
Molding Compounds
Available to PurchaseBook: Composites
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 21
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v21.a0003370
EISBN: 978-1-62708-195-5
... of sheet molding compounds (SMC). The three types of resin paste mixing techniques, such as batch, batch/continuous, and continuous, for an SMC operation are reviewed. The article discusses the design features and functional operations of the two types of SMC machines, namely, continuous-belt and beltless...
Abstract
Molding compounds are plastic materials in varying stages of pellets or granulation that consist of resin, filler, pigments, reinforcement, plasticizers, and other ingredients ready for use in a molding operation. This article describes the material components and physical properties of sheet molding compounds (SMC). The three types of resin paste mixing techniques, such as batch, batch/continuous, and continuous, for an SMC operation are reviewed. The article discusses the design features and functional operations of the two types of SMC machines, namely, continuous-belt and beltless machines. It explains the formulation and processing of bulk molding compounds and reviews molding methods for bulk molding compounds, including compression, transfer, and injection molding. The effects of the fiber type and length and the matrix type on thermoset bulk molding compounds are discussed. It describes the four injection molding processes of injection molding compounds such as feeding, transporting, injecting, and flowing.
Book Chapter
Compression Molding
Available to PurchaseBook: Composites
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 21
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v21.a0003415
EISBN: 978-1-62708-195-5
... materials, namely, glass-fiber-mat-reinforced thermoplastics, long-fiber-reinforced thermoplastics, and sheet molding compounds. The article also presents information on the application examples and market volume of compression molding. compression molding automotive composite applications composite...
Abstract
Compression molding is the single largest primary manufacturing process used for automotive composite applications. This article provides an overview of the compression molding process. It describes the basic design, materials, and processing equipment of three main groups of composite materials, namely, glass-fiber-mat-reinforced thermoplastics, long-fiber-reinforced thermoplastics, and sheet molding compounds. The article also presents information on the application examples and market volume of compression molding.
Image
Production volume and relative part performance that can be achieved with v...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2001
Fig. 1 Production volume and relative part performance that can be achieved with various production techniques. SMC, sheet molding compounds; GMT, glass mat thermoplastics; RTM, resin transfer molding; SRIM, structural reaction injection molding; P/T, pressure/temperature
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Image
Paste metering blade setting versus resin paste weight for typical sheet mo...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 November 1995
Fig. 5 Paste metering blade setting versus resin paste weight for typical sheet molding compound
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Book Chapter
Abbreviations, Symbols, and Tradenames: Composites
Available to PurchaseBook: Composites
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 21
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v21.a0005754
EISBN: 978-1-62708-195-5
... / Abbreviations and Symbols SHS self-propagating high-temperature synthesis SI Systeme International d Unites SIMS secondary ion mass spectroscopy SLA stereolithography SLS selective laser sintering SM standard modulus SMC sheet molding compound SMC-C sheet molding compound-continuous SMC-R sheet molding compound...
Book Chapter
Abbreviations—Characterization and Failure Analysis of Plastics
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 May 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11B.a0006945
EISBN: 978-1-62708-395-9
... polyethylene heat-de ection temperature high-impact polystyrene high-strength sheet molding compound high-performance liquid chromatography high-pressure polyethylene high-speed liquid chromatography International Electrotechnical Commission butyl rubber (or isobutylene-isoprene rubber) infrared; synthetic...
Abstract
This article is a compilation of abbreviations of terms, techniques, standards, compounds, and properties of materials that are relevant to the characterization and failure analysis of plastics.
Book Chapter
Function and Properties Factors in Plastics Processing Selection
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 May 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11B.a0006935
EISBN: 978-1-62708-395-9
... for such processes as resin transfer molding and pultrusion, in which the resin must flow through preplaced glass reinforcements. For other processes, such as extra-high-strength molding compound and prepreg compression molding, the resin must be thickened by reaction to stay on the glass reinforcements. With sheet...
Abstract
Manufacturing process selection is a critical step in plastic product design. The article provides an overview of the functional requirements that a part must fulfil before process selection is attempted. A brief discussion on the effects of individual thermoplastic and thermosetting processes on plastic parts and the material properties is presented. The article presents process effects on molecular orientation. It also illustrates the thinking that goes into the selection of processes for size, shape, and design factors. Finally, the article describes how various processes handle reinforcement.
Book: Composites
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 21
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v21.a0003474
EISBN: 978-1-62708-195-5
... Airplane parts, surfboards Hand lay-ups 40 60 Strand mat Polyester Boat hulls Spray-up 30 70 Random chopped Polyester, others Fast, fumes RTM and SRIM 20–50 50–80 Fiber preforms Polyester, others Low pressure, tooling issue Compression molding (sheet molding compound) 20–50 50...
Abstract
This article discusses the advantages of polymer matrix composite for automotive application in terms of design drivers, noise, vibration, harshness efficiency, process materials property constraints, safety and reliability, design optimization, structural and appearance requirements, recyclability, and processability. It describes the properties of high-volume composites used in automotive industries. The article provides a discussion on state-of-the-art and developing technologies in automotive field.
Book: Composites
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 21
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v21.a0003366
EISBN: 978-1-62708-195-5
... or durability ( Ref 5 ). Phenolic Sheet Molding Compounds The use of phenolics for sheet molding compounds (SMC) has been researched since the 1980s ( Ref 33 ). The technology challenge was to match resin viscosity, handling, and cure properties of the polyester SMC to avoid any special processing...
Abstract
This article describes the chemistry of phenolic resins and reviews their characteristics and properties for various composites fabrication processes. The fabrication processes include solution/hot-melt process, pultrusion, vacuum infusion, filament winding, sheet molding, and hand lay-up. The article illustrates the manufacturing process of phenolic honeycomb and provides information on the applications of phenolic composites.
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 20
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1997
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v20.a0002492
EISBN: 978-1-62708-194-8
... molding compound (BMC) or sheet molding compound (SMC). Bulk molding compound is a prepared mixture of thermosetting resin, chopper fibers (glass, carbon, or aramid, with lengths ranging from 3 to 50 mm, or 1 8 to 2 in.), filler, catalyst, and other additives. It is supplied in bulk form...
Abstract
The goal of design is to improve the overall performance of the metal or ceramic matrix rather than to create a material with different response than the base matrix. This article focuses on the design for manufacturing polymeric composites. Specially developed methods including contact molding, compression-type molding, resin-injection molding, and pultrusion are described. The article also discusses the various factors to be considered in designing for composite manufacturing.
Book Chapter
Design, Tooling, and Manufacturing Interaction
Available to PurchaseBook: Composites
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 21
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v21.a0003395
EISBN: 978-1-62708-195-5
... such as preimpregnated fabrics and tapes, sheet-molding compounds, and bulk- molding compounds may be assembled prior to the manufacturing process. Handling Qualities The ability of the preimpregnated (“prepreg”) material to stick to itself and other materials is called tack . A tacky material will stay in place...
Abstract
Designing composites for structural performance initially involves meeting a set of desired performance specifications at a minimum cost. This article discusses the factors that are considered in designing the manufacturing of polymeric composites. It describes the various aspects of manufacturing, forming process, and post-processing and fabrication for designing the composites.
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