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Dennis Smyth, R.G. Lessard, Frank Minden
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John Weritz, S. Lampman
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Book Chapter
Steel Tubular Products
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003096
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... welded and the second group, seamless. Welding Processes In producing welded steel tubular products, flat-rolled skelp, strip, sheet or plate is formed into cylinders that are then joined at the longitudinal or spiral seam by one of the processes described below. Electric Resistance Welding...
Abstract
This article discusses the classifications, specifications, applications and methods for producing welded and seamless steel tubular products, including pipes and tubes. Common types of pipes include standard pipe, conduit pipe, piling pipe, pipe for nipples, transmission or line pipe, water main pipe, oil country tubular goods, water well pipe, and pressure pipe. Pipes in suitable sizes, and most of the products classified as tubing, both seamless and welded, may be cold finished. Pressure tubes are given a separate classification by both the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) and producers. The term tube covers three groups, including pressure tubes, structural tubing, and mechanical tubing.
Book Chapter
Steel Tubular Products
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 1
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1990
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v01.a0001020
EISBN: 978-1-62708-161-0
... tubes, a separate classification, include double-wall brazed tubing, structural tubing, welded mechanical tubing, continuous-welded cold-finished mechanical tubing, and seamless mechanical tubing. cold finishing mechanical tubing pipe pressure tubes seamless processes steel tubular products...
Abstract
This article discusses tubular products made from wrought carbon or alloy constructional steels, particularly pipe, specialty tubing, and oil country tubular goods. The article covers product classifications, available specifications, chemical compositions, sizes, and other dimensional attributes. Some of the common types of pipe are standard pipe, conduit pipe, piling pipe, pipe for nipples, transmission or line pipe, water main and water well pipe, and pressure pipe. Pipe in suitable sizes and most products classified as tubing, both seamless and welded, may be cold finished. Pressure tubes, a separate classification, include double-wall brazed tubing, structural tubing, welded mechanical tubing, continuous-welded cold-finished mechanical tubing, and seamless mechanical tubing.
Book Chapter
Copper Tubular Products
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003132
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... extrusion rotary piercing tensile properties tube reducing tube welding TUBE AND PIPE made of copper or copper alloys are used extensively for carrying potable water in buildings and homes. These products also are used throughout the oil, chemical, and process industries to carry diverse fluids...
Abstract
This article discusses the applications and tensile properties of selected copper tube alloys, as well as the methods for producing copper tubular products, namely extrusion and rotary piercing. It explains the methods available for the finishing of copper tubular products, such as tube welding, cold drawing, and tube reducing. The article lists the standard dimensions and tolerances for several kinds of copper tubes and pipes in the ASTM specifications, along with other requirements for the tubular products.
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 14B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v14b.a0005123
EISBN: 978-1-62708-186-3
.... The process technology, equipment, and tooling for both manual spinning and power spinning are also discussed. force forming seamless metal manual spinning metal spinning power spinning rotational motion METAL SPINNING is a term used to describe the forming of metal into seamless, axisymmetric...
Abstract
Metal spinning is a term used to describe the forming of metal into seamless, axisymmetric shapes by a combination of rotational motion and force. This article describes two forming techniques, such as manual spinning and power spinning, for forming seamless metal components. The process technology, equipment, and tooling for both manual spinning and power spinning are also discussed.
Book Chapter
3 xxx Aluminum Alloy Datasheets
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02b.a0006689
EISBN: 978-1-62708-210-5
..., Fe and Si combine with Mn to form constituent and dispersoid particles whose size and volume fraction affect texture, anisotropy, and grain size. Homogenization, annealing, and cold work are also closely controlled due to their effect on recrystallization during processing. Fig. 1 Aluminum...
Abstract
This article discusses the major characteristics of the 3xxx series aluminum alloys. It contains a table that lists product specifications of these 3xxx alloys.
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 14A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2005
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v14a.a0003982
EISBN: 978-1-62708-185-6
... Abstract Ring rolling is a process for creating seamless ring shaped components using specialized equipment and forming processes. This article provides information on the applications of ring rolling. It discusses the types of machines used for ring rolling, namely, vertical rolling machines...
Abstract
Ring rolling is a process for creating seamless ring shaped components using specialized equipment and forming processes. This article provides information on the applications of ring rolling. It discusses the types of machines used for ring rolling, namely, vertical rolling machines, radial-axial horizontal rolling machines, four-mandrel mechanical table mills, three-mandrel table mills, and automatic radial-axial multiple-mandrel ring mills. The article provides a discussion on the process control technology and ancillary operations of ring rolling. It describes the methods of producing ring blanks and the various types of blanking and rolling tools used in ring rolling process. The article concludes with a discussion on rolled ring tolerances and machining allowances.
Book Chapter
6351 Extrusion Alloy
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02b.a0006724
EISBN: 978-1-62708-210-5
... Abstract This datasheet provides information on key alloy metallurgy, and processing effects on physical and mechanical properties of extrusion alloy 6351. extrusion alloy 6351 mechanical properties physical properties Alloy 6351 ( Table 1 ) was introduced in 1958 as an improved...
Abstract
This datasheet provides information on key alloy metallurgy, and processing effects on physical and mechanical properties of extrusion alloy 6351.
Book Chapter
6 xxx Aluminum Alloy Datasheets
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02b.a0006708
EISBN: 978-1-62708-210-5
..., 6101, 6463 JIS H 4140:1988 Forgings 6061, 6151 ASTM B209-14 Sheet and plate 6003H, 6061, Alclad 6061, ASTM B210 Drawn seamless tubes 6061, 6063, 6262 ASTM B211 Rolled a cold-finished bar, rod, and wire 6061, 6110, 62531, 6262 ASTM B221 Extruded bars, rods, wire, profiles...
Abstract
The 6xxx series aluminum alloys are used across end applications including all forms of transportation, electronics, and building and construction. This article contains tables that list standard specifications for 6xxx series aluminum alloys and select specialty mill products. The relationships among commonly used alloys in the 6xxx series are illustrated.
Book Chapter
7072 Cladding and Fin Stock
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02b.a0006736
EISBN: 978-1-62708-210-5
... Abstract This datasheet provides information on composition limits, ASTM product specifications, processing effects on physical and mechanical properties, and applications of cladding fin stock 7072. alloy composition aluminum alloy 7072 cladding fin stock mechanical properties...
Abstract
This datasheet provides information on composition limits, ASTM product specifications, processing effects on physical and mechanical properties, and applications of cladding fin stock 7072.
Book Chapter
Wrought Aluminum Processes and Products
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 November 2018
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02a.a0006518
EISBN: 978-1-62708-207-5
... Abstract This article introduces the basic characteristics, processes, and product forms associated with the five major categories of aluminum wrought products, namely, flat-rolled products (sheet, plate, and foil); rod, bar, and wire; tubular products; profiles; and forgings. It summarizes...
Abstract
This article introduces the basic characteristics, processes, and product forms associated with the five major categories of aluminum wrought products, namely, flat-rolled products (sheet, plate, and foil); rod, bar, and wire; tubular products; profiles; and forgings. It summarizes the various product forms in which commonly used wrought aluminum alloys are available. The article also provides design guidelines for aluminum extrusions and discusses various forming methods.
Book Chapter
Aluminum Wrought Products
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003125
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... 8 xxx series alloys constitute a wide range of chemical compositions. For example, improved elevated-temperature performance is achieved through the use of dispersion-strengthened Al-Fe-Ce alloys (e.g., 8019) or Al-Fe-V-Si alloys (e.g., 8009) made by powder metallurgy processing. Lower density...
Abstract
This article discusses the classification, characteristics and temper designations of wrought aluminum alloys. Wrought aluminum products are available as flat-rolled products such as sheets, plates, and foils; rods, bars, and wires; tubular products such as tubes and pipes; extruded shapes; forgings; and impacts. The article provides information on product economics, design and selection, including product dimension and dimension tolerances, and design and use of wrought product capabilities. Finally, it tabulates the specifications and standards for aluminum mill products.
Book Chapter
Forging Design Involving Parting Line and Grain Flow
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 14A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2005
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v14a.a0004037
EISBN: 978-1-62708-185-6
... (methods A, B, and C) and the extruded seamless (flashless) forging (method D), which showed no failure at 90 days (see lines 19 to 22). Thus, although forgings produced by the four forging processes were quire similar when judged by macroscopic, microscopic, and tension testing, corrosion tests...
Abstract
Control of grain flow is one of the major advantages of shaping metal parts by rolling, forging, or extrusion. This article shows the effects of anisotropy on mechanical properties. Cylindrical forgings commonly have a straight parting line located in a diametral plane. The alternate classes of parting lines are called either "straight" or "broken" for brevity. Regardless of whether draft is applied or natural, the forging will have its maximum spread or girth at the parting line. Proper placement of the parting line ensures that the principal grain flow direction within the forging will be parallel to the principal direction of service loading. The article reviews the mutual dependence of parting line and forging process. It provides a checklist for the forging designer that suggests a systematic approach for establishing parting line location. Finally, the article contains examples, with illustrations of parting line locations, accompanied by tables of design parameters.
Book Chapter
6042 Extrusion Alloy
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02b.a0006714
EISBN: 978-1-62708-210-5
... Abstract This datasheet provides information on key alloy metallurgy, and processing effects on physical and mechanical properties of the extrusion alloy 6042. It provides a comparison of characteristics of the alloy 6042 with related alloys and tempers. extrusion alloy 6042 mechanical...
Abstract
This datasheet provides information on key alloy metallurgy, and processing effects on physical and mechanical properties of the extrusion alloy 6042. It provides a comparison of characteristics of the alloy 6042 with related alloys and tempers.
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1990
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02.a0001066
EISBN: 978-1-62708-162-7
... Abstract Wrought copper and copper alloys are produced in various mill-product forms for a variety of applications due to their high electrical conductivity, corrosion resistance, ease of fabrication, and good heat-transfer properties. This article describes the manufacturing processes used...
Abstract
Wrought copper and copper alloys are produced in various mill-product forms for a variety of applications due to their high electrical conductivity, corrosion resistance, ease of fabrication, and good heat-transfer properties. This article describes the manufacturing processes used to produce wrought copper and copper alloys in the form of sheet and strip products, tubular products, and wire and cable. Common processes include melting, casting, hot and cold rolling, milling or scalping, annealing, cleaning, slitting, cutting, and leveling. In addition, the article discusses stress-relaxation characteristics of copper alloys.
Book Chapter
Forging Design Involving Flash and Trim
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 14A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2005
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v14a.a0004036
EISBN: 978-1-62708-185-6
... designs and design adjustments, covering several forging processes and configurations. The article concludes with information on the checklists for the convenience of both designers of forgings and designers of forging dies and contiguous flash. contiguous flash forging forging design forging...
Abstract
In terms of the design of a forging, flash is an excess or surplus of metal that is trimmed or otherwise removed after forging operations are completed. This article discusses flash components and the functions of flash. It describes a series of conventional and unconventional flash designs and design adjustments, covering several forging processes and configurations. The article concludes with information on the checklists for the convenience of both designers of forgings and designers of forging dies and contiguous flash.
Book Chapter
5454 High-Strength Al-Mg-Mn-Cr Alloy
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02b.a0006702
EISBN: 978-1-62708-210-5
... Abstract Alloy 5454 is an Al-Mg-Mn-Cr solid solution alloy with relatively high strength used for handling chemicals at elevated temperatures in the chemical and process industries. This datasheet provides information on key alloy metallurgy, processing effects on physical and mechanical...
Abstract
Alloy 5454 is an Al-Mg-Mn-Cr solid solution alloy with relatively high strength used for handling chemicals at elevated temperatures in the chemical and process industries. This datasheet provides information on key alloy metallurgy, processing effects on physical and mechanical properties, and fabrication characteristics of this 5xxx series alloy.
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 November 2018
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02a.a0006534
EISBN: 978-1-62708-207-5
... shapes. Tubes from harder alloys are generally made using hollow short billets. Extruded round tubes are then processed through a series of tube-drawing operations with subsequent annealing processes to create the final dimension and shape of the tube. Drawn seamless tubes are process-intensive...
Abstract
This article describes the direct hot extrusion process and the typical sequence of operations for producing extruded aluminum shapes from soft and medium-grade aluminum alloys, hard alloys, and aluminum-matrix composites. It discusses key process variables, including extrusion speed and exit temperature, and their effect on product quality. The article also provides information on extrusion presses, press dies, and tooling, and addresses quality issues such as surface defects, blistering, and internal cracking. It concludes with a discussion on the drawing of solid section and aluminum tube.
Book Chapter
5456 High-Strength Al-Mg-Mn-Cr Alloy
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02b.a0006703
EISBN: 978-1-62708-210-5
... Abstract This datasheet provides information on composition limits, mill product specifications, fabrication characteristics, processing effects on physical and mechanical properties, and applications of high-strength Al-Mg-Mn-Cr alloy 5456. aluminum alloy 5456 aluminum mill products...
Abstract
This datasheet provides information on composition limits, mill product specifications, fabrication characteristics, processing effects on physical and mechanical properties, and applications of high-strength Al-Mg-Mn-Cr alloy 5456.
Book Chapter
5086 and Alclad 5086 Moderate-Strength Weldable Alloy
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02b.a0006698
EISBN: 978-1-62708-210-5
... Abstract The moderate-strength weldable alloy 5086 provides higher strength than alloy 5052 while maintaining good corrosion resistance in a marine environment. This datasheet provides information on key alloy metallurgy, processing effects on physical and tensile properties, product...
Abstract
The moderate-strength weldable alloy 5086 provides higher strength than alloy 5052 while maintaining good corrosion resistance in a marine environment. This datasheet provides information on key alloy metallurgy, processing effects on physical and tensile properties, product specifications, and fabrication characteristics of this 5xxx series alloy.
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 17
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2018
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v17.a0006449
EISBN: 978-1-62708-190-0
... in a broad range of applications in the medical, automotive, aerospace, structural, refrigeration, energy, mechanical, sporting goods, furniture, and oil and gas industries, among others. Products are classified based on use and method of manufacture. Two tubular product forms are welded and seamless...
Abstract
This article provides information on the application of nondestructive examination (NDE) technologies to tube and pipe products. These include modeling and simulation methods, eddy-current methods, magnetic methods, acoustic methods, and physical methods. A summary of nondestructive examination methods based on flaw type and product stage is presented in a table. The article also discusses in-service inspection of tubular products and presents an example that illustrates the importance of nondestructive testing (NDT) for welds in austenitic stainless steel tubing.
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