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sandwich panel failure mode

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Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 21
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v21.a0003388
EISBN: 978-1-62708-195-5
... Abstract A sandwich structure is comprised of layered composite materials formed by bonding two or more thin facings or facesheets to a relatively thick core material. This article describes the sandwich panel failure modes. It tabulates the nomenclature and definitions for loads, geometry...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 21
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v21.a0003444
EISBN: 978-1-62708-195-5
..., the testing is sometimes referred to as “long beam flexural” testing. The same testing method, however, may be used to characterize transverse shear properties by shortening the span such that a panel shear failure mode is experienced as discussed subsequently. Generally, the sandwich flatwise tension...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 9
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2004
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v09.a0009083
EISBN: 978-1-62708-177-1
... and flatwise tensile tests. The article concludes with a description on the reasons for core failure, which are analyzed after these tests. honeycomb core crush honeycomb core failure honeycomb core movement honeycomb-cored sandwich panels skin-to-core bond strength tensile test transmitted...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 21
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v21.a0003385
EISBN: 978-1-62708-195-5
... to account for the transverse shear effects using a thick-plate theory or a finite element with transverse shear flexibility. Sandwich panels also exhibit additional failure modes associated with instability of the facesheet due to insufficient elastic support from the core. One form of instability...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 21
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v21.a0003457
EISBN: 978-1-62708-195-5
... of aluminum to decrease flight delays and cancellations and to reduce life-cycle cost. Moisture Ingression The second major failure mode is moisture ingression, which primarily affects sandwich structure as opposed to monolithic (i.e., solid laminate) construction. Moisture absorption even...
Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 1995
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.emde.a0003046
EISBN: 978-1-62708-200-6
... pinking shears cuts a satisfactory serration 3.2 mm ( 1 8 in.) deep. Results of ply termination tests Table 1 Results of ply termination tests Ply end cut Tension ultimate strength Mode of failure Percent of parent allowable MPa ksi 36.3 5.26 Peel 77 45.7...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 21
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v21.a0003455
EISBN: 978-1-62708-195-5
... Abstract This article discusses the requirements for designing repairable composite structures such as a honeycomb sandwich panel construction and integrally stiffened co-cured composite structures. It reviews the general and specific design guidelines for bolted or riveted repairs...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 21
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v21.a0003386
EISBN: 978-1-62708-195-5
... of durability. Also included is a discussion of the primary failure mode of interest, compression after impact (CAI). The methodology and issues associated with the development and analytical implementation of useful design allowables are also presented. Finally, since the damage tolerance criteria were...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 21
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v21.a0003475
EISBN: 978-1-62708-195-5
... successful use of composite for solid-fuel rocket motor cases in the 1950s, composites have been continually developed for the aircraft, launch vehicles, missiles, and spacecraft structures. Elastic response, strength, failure mode, and damage tolerance characteristics of fiber-reinforced laminated...
Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 1995
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.emde.a0003044
EISBN: 978-1-62708-200-6
... the initial failure mode is delamination due to free edges, the tester must carefully assess whether such a failure process represents how the material will behave in the structure or whether the data is an artifact of the test method. In fact, failure modes produced at the coupon level should always...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 21
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v21.a0003391
EISBN: 978-1-62708-195-5
... to analyze. The test results should be used to scrutinize analytical predictions of deflections and strains up to and including the point of failure, as well as the actual failure sequence and mode. For most purposes, sufficient analytical validation is not achieved by merely obtaining test results...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 21
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v21.a0003443
EISBN: 978-1-62708-195-5
... specimen geometries or core-facesheet combinations. Specimen Geometry This test method is limited to rectangular sandwich constructions, and the core, facesheet, and span geometries are allowed to vary in order to achieve the desired failure mode according to the material property being measured...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 21
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v21.a0003390
EISBN: 978-1-62708-195-5
..., strains (top, middle, bottom); curvatures; FPF, LPF (max stress, max strain, quadratic); FPF failure mode survey; stress, strain, resultant, temperature, moisture loads Plate (bending, stability, frequency); sandwich plate (bending, local and global stability); tubes/beams (bending, torsion, frequency...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 8
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2000
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v08.a0003330
EISBN: 978-1-62708-176-4
... statistical analysis and design of experiments. In any experimental test program, failure modes must be carefully noted. Specimen failures should be the proper mode for the test being conducted and be consistent. Improper failures are an indication that the test is poorly designed, the specimen is flawed...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 17
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2018
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v17.a0006457
EISBN: 978-1-62708-190-0
.... Honeycomb Sandwich Defects The most prominent defects found or generated in honeycomb sandwich assemblies are summarized in Table 1 . Adhesion and/or cohesion defects may also occur in bonded honeycomb sandwich assemblies. The metal-to-metal closure areas for honeycomb panels may exhibit the types...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 5B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v05b.a0006063
EISBN: 978-1-62708-172-6
... in an attempt to conclusively identify the mode of failure. The optical microscope, often referred to as the light microscope, is a type of microscope that uses visible light and a system of lenses to magnify images of small samples. Basic optical microscopes ( Fig. 1 ) can be very simple, although...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2003
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13a.a0003658
EISBN: 978-1-62708-182-5
... for detecting corrosion under coatings are configured differently than for moisture detection within a nonconducting structure like a honeycomb panel or a sandwich panel. Many of the basic system tools remain unchanged, but sensor configurations, frequency ranges, and analysis techniques can differ dramatically...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 7
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v07.a0006093
EISBN: 978-1-62708-175-7
... in the vicinity of the hollow spheres, and the crack propagated from sphere to sphere, resembling the failure mode of cast iron with nodular graphite. Hardness The concept of hardness is useful only for metal foams with very fine pore sizes, for example, for syntactic foams with integrated hollow glass...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 6
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v06.a0001466
EISBN: 978-1-62708-173-3
... is of the surface of the adhesive, not the composite, it clearly shows the imprint of the peel-ply woven surface to which it had not bonded over most of the surface. The comparison between the two modes of failure is dramatic. This failure of the adhesive to bond to a surface arises frequently when an attempt...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 21
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v21.a0003459
EISBN: 978-1-62708-195-5
... an adhesive bond failure between joined structures. They usually are observed with a face sheet disbonding from an underlying sandwich core material. Core Damage Core damage can occur with any type of core. Causes of core damage include handling damage in manufacturing, impact, improper vacuum bagging...