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salt spray testing
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Published: 01 January 1994
Fig. 8 Pitting corrosion after salt spray testing of the coating-substrate system TiN deposited by physical vapor deposition NiP electrochemically deposited on brass. Source: Ref 24
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Image
Published: 01 January 2005
Fig. 23 Comparison of cadmium and zinc plate on steel in salt spray tests and in marine atmospheres. (a) 200 μm (8 mils) coating. (b) 50 μm (2 mils) coating. Source: Ref 33
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Image
Published: 01 January 2005
Fig. 9 Salt-spray test results (>1000 h). (a) 304 alloys. (b) 316 regular alloys. (c) 316 special alloys. (d) SS 100 alloys. B rating, attack of 1% or less of the surface; C rating, attack of 1 to 25% of the surface; D rating, attack of more than 25% of the surface. Source: Ref 11
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Book: Powder Metallurgy
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 7
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v07.a0006113
EISBN: 978-1-62708-175-7
... Abstract This article reviews various test methods used for evaluating the corrosion resistance of powder metallurgy stainless steels. These include immersion testing, salt spray testing, and electrochemical testing. The article discusses the factors that affect corrosion resistance of sintered...
Abstract
This article reviews various test methods used for evaluating the corrosion resistance of powder metallurgy stainless steels. These include immersion testing, salt spray testing, and electrochemical testing. The article discusses the factors that affect corrosion resistance of sintered stainless steels: compaction-related factors, sintering-related factors, and effects of alloy composition. Corrosion resistance data for sintered stainless steels is provided.
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2003
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13a.a0003646
EISBN: 978-1-62708-182-5
... Abstract This article discusses the applications and use of salt spray (fog) testing used to test the resistance of aluminum alloys to exfoliation corrosion. There are two basic types of salt-spray/fog corrosion tests: static condition tests and cyclic condition tests. The article provides...
Abstract
This article discusses the applications and use of salt spray (fog) testing used to test the resistance of aluminum alloys to exfoliation corrosion. There are two basic types of salt-spray/fog corrosion tests: static condition tests and cyclic condition tests. The article provides a discussion of these tests and indicates the significant differences in each type test used in the combination of weathering and corrosion testing procedures. It also provides information on the test specimen preparation for spray (fog) corrosion tests. Industry specific standards for test specimen procedures often reference the ASTM standards as a basis. The article includes various ASTM standards that describe several cleaning procedures used prior to testing. It describes the major components of a corrosion test chamber.
Book: Surface Engineering
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 5
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1994
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v05.a0001296
EISBN: 978-1-62708-170-2
... climate test, with polluted gas Salt spray tests Salt spray test NaCl solution Ocean climate Acetic acid salt spray test NaCl + CH 3 COOH Salted roads Copper-accelerated acetic acid salt spray test As in acetic acid salt spray test As in acetic acid salt spray test, but more aggressive...
Abstract
This article focuses on the testing and typical corrosion behavior of coating-substrate systems in aqueous solutions and humid aggressive atmospheres. It includes a short review of the fundamentals of corrosion, followed by a discussion of specific system behavior, electrochemical and laboratory accelerated tests, and simulated service tests. The article also contains examples of different types of corrosion damage and presents guidelines for improving corrosion resistance.
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2003
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13a.a0003665
EISBN: 978-1-62708-182-5
... provides information on accelerated salt spray and total-immersion testing methods to help rate the exfoliation corrosion susceptibility of various aluminum alloys and alloy compositions. It also discusses visual assessment challenges and identifies several ASTM designations and where and how they apply...
Abstract
Exfoliation is a structure-dependent form of localized intergranular corrosion that follows grain boundaries in the rolling direction of wrought materials, particularly aluminum alloys. Highly cold-worked materials with elongated grain boundaries tend to be most affected. The article provides information on accelerated salt spray and total-immersion testing methods to help rate the exfoliation corrosion susceptibility of various aluminum alloys and alloy compositions. It also discusses visual assessment challenges and identifies several ASTM designations and where and how they apply.
Image
Published: 01 January 2005
5 Tapwater spray+100% relative humidity+dry 6 0.001 M Na 2 SO 4 spray+100% relative humidity+dry 7 Salt spray test 8 Deionized water immersion
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Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13C
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13c.a0004126
EISBN: 978-1-62708-184-9
... in the salt-spray test, as the environment is aggressive enough to keep these coatings from being cathodes. In normal outdoor environments, tin, lead, and aluminum react with oxygen in the air and form a protective oxide on their surface. This metal oxide becomes a cathode with respect to iron and steel...
Abstract
This article focuses on the various coatings used on Department of Defense (DoD) systems. These include electroplated coatings; conversion coatings; supplemental oils, waxes, and lubricants; organic paint coatings; and other finishes such as vacuum deposits, mechanical plating, thermal spray coatings, and hot-dip coatings. The article also lists the test requirements and time to failure of the coatings.
Image
Published: 01 January 2005
Fig. 9 Examples that show the morphological diversity of the corrosion products that form under various environmental conditions. (a) After standard salt spray test (continuous spraying with 5% NaCl solution). (b) After cyclic corrosion test with 17.5 min of spraying with 0.001 M Na 2 (SO) 4
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Image
Published: 01 January 2005
Fig. 8 Correlation between results of the colorimetric test for various alloys after eight days and the corresponding times to achieve a C rating in the salt-spray test. Source: Ref 11
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Published: 01 January 2003
Fig. 6 Effect of heating temperature on corrosion rate of die-cast AZ91D and AM60B in salt-spray test for 10 days using ASTM B 117 method. Data are for test specimens that were heated from 0.5 to 36 h. Source: Ref 12
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Image
Published: 30 November 2018
Fig. 27 Intergranular corrosion at the surface of friction-stir-welded 2024-T351 after being subjected to a salt spray test. Source: Ref 28
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Published: 30 September 2015
Fig. 21 Corrosion resistance of four ferritic powder metallurgy stainless steels in a 96 h salt spray test, as a function of sintered density. Source: Ref 25
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Image
Published: 01 January 2005
Fig. 26 Relative galvanic corrosion produced by dissimilar fasteners attached to AZ91D magnesium alloy (ASTM B 117 salt spray test). Source: Ref 34 , 35
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Published: 30 September 2015
Book: Surface Engineering
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 5
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1994
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v05.a0001323
EISBN: 978-1-62708-170-2
... the characteristics of conversion coatings. Paint adhesion can be measured using the wet tape adhesion method, scrape adhesion method, knife scribe test, crosshatch adhesion test, and others. Corrosion resistance is typically measured using the salt spray corrosion resistance test, ASTM B117, which is conducted...
Abstract
This article focuses on alternatives to chromium in both hard chromium plating and chromate conversion coating. These include electroless nickel plating, nickel-tungsten composite electroplating, spray coating applications, and cobalt/molybdenum-base conversion coating. The article discusses the material and process substitutions that can be used to eliminate the use or emissions of chromium in industrial processes. It describes the physical characteristics of each coating, economics, environmental impacts, advantages, and disadvantages of alternative processes.
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 November 2018
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02a.a0006499
EISBN: 978-1-62708-207-5
..., namely, salt spray, modified dye stain, acid dissolution, impedance, copper accelerated acetic acid salt spray, high-alkaline resistance, SO 2 fog, and clorox tests. aluminum anodizing sealing hot deionized water sealing hot nickel acetate sealing midtemperature sealing cold sealing...
Abstract
The sealing of the anodized aluminum is a critical process in achieving the durability and extended functionality of anodizing. This article discusses the different methods for sealing the anodic coatings produced by using sulfuric acid, namely, hot deionized water, hot nickel acetate, midtemperature, cold, and dichromate sealing. It reviews the factors that affect seal quality: immersion time, chemistry concentration, temperature, pH, water quality, coating thickness, and contaminants/dye bleeding. The article describes the various tests that are used for determining the quality of the seal, namely, salt spray, modified dye stain, acid dissolution, impedance, copper accelerated acetic acid salt spray, high-alkaline resistance, SO 2 fog, and clorox tests.
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2003
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13a.a0003675
EISBN: 978-1-62708-182-5
... of the individual elements. The article illustrates the effect of increasing iron, nickel, and copper contamination on the standard ASTM B 117 salt-spray performance of the die-cast AZ91 test specimens as compared to the range of performance observed for cold-rolled steel and die-cast aluminum alloy 380 samples...
Abstract
This article begins with a discussion on the corrosion characteristics of unalloyed magnesium and two major magnesium alloy systems. It shows the effects of iron and 13 other elements on the saltwater corrosion performance of magnesium in binary alloys with increasing levels of the individual elements. The article illustrates the effect of increasing iron, nickel, and copper contamination on the standard ASTM B 117 salt-spray performance of the die-cast AZ91 test specimens as compared to the range of performance observed for cold-rolled steel and die-cast aluminum alloy 380 samples. It discusses the effect of heat treating and cold working on the corrosion rates of the die-cast AZ91 alloy. The article concludes with a description on the causes of corrosion failures in magnesium alloys.
Book: Surface Engineering
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 5
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1994
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v05.a0001257
EISBN: 978-1-62708-170-2
... to 500 h in a neutral salt spray test before red rust if the proper chromate is applied. Some reduction in corrosion resistance is experienced after exposure to high temperature, but not as much as with zinc-iron alloys. A unique attribute of zinc-cobalt is its corrosion resistance to sulfur dioxide...
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