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Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 9
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2004
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v09.a0009073
EISBN: 978-1-62708-177-1
... Abstract Rough grinding and polishing of specimens are required to prepare fiber-reinforced composite samples for optical analysis. This article discusses the consumables, process variables, and the equipment that influence the sample preparation procedure. It describes the hand and automated...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 9
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2004
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v09.a0003791
EISBN: 978-1-62708-177-1
... grinding, rough polishing, and etching. The article provides information on the problems associated with specimen preparation. It concludes with a discussion on the various methods of analysis for thermal spray coatings. cleaning etching fine grinding light microscopy microstructural analysis...
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Published: 01 January 1994
Fig. 5 Surface roughness of Si 3 N 4 after (a) 0.25 μm diamond polish and (b) mechanochemical polish More
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Published: 15 June 2020
Fig. 33 Effect of etching rate on surface roughness of electrochemical polished SLM Inconel 718 alloy. Source: Ref 31 More
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 9
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2004
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v09.a0003782
EISBN: 978-1-62708-177-1
...-collection systems. These fines could ignite, causing severe burn injuries and property damage. The standard grinding sequence of 180-grit through 600-grit papers may not be necessary because of the fast cutting rate of the subsequent rough-polishing step, which uses abrasives for metal removal. Hand...
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 21 Effect of load applied to the specimen in vibratory polishing of low-carbon steel. Specimens were rough polished on 1 μm diamond and finish polished for 4 h on 0.1 μm Al 2 O 3 suspended in a 2-to-1 mixture of propylene glycol and water. (a) Using a 40 g load. (b) Using a 70 g load. (c More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 20 Effect of type of suspending liquid used in vibratory polishing of low-carbon steel. Specimens were rough polished on 1 μm diamond and finish polished for 4 h on 0.1 μm Al 2 O 3 . (a) Using propylene glycol; scratches have not been removed. (b) Using a 2-to-1 mixture of propylene More
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Published: 01 December 2004
in a direction complementary to a medium-hard lap surface reduces specimen surface damage by minimizing pullout of oxides or unmelted particles from the coating. (c) A specimen surface with minimal deformation and pullout is obtained during the rough polishing step on a napless cloth charged with a 3 μm diamond More
Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003247
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... specimens that must be polished in a plane perpendicular to the rolled surface The need for connecting electrical leads to one or more specimens for subsequent electropolishing or electrolytic etching Grinding and Rough Polishing Because aluminum and its alloys are relatively soft compared...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 21
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v21.a0003464
EISBN: 978-1-62708-195-5
... for the development of a manual polishing mount. (a) Backup sides and three specimens. (b) The mount before bonding with epoxy. (c) Mold with taped ends for retaining mounting resin and holding samples while curing. (d) Mounted specimens ready to polish. (e) Manual mount after final polish Rough Grinding...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 5
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1994
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v05.a0001237
EISBN: 978-1-62708-170-2
... of an etched steatite ceramic sample Sample Preparation Microstructural analysis requires a deformation- and damage-free sample for correct characterization. A typical preparation procedure includes sectioning, mounting, planar grinding (coarse grinding), sample integrity (rough polishing), polishing...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 10
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1986
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v10.a0001754
EISBN: 978-1-62708-178-8
... by grinding damage—covers the polished surface. (b) The layer of disturbed metal is removed, and the structure is revealed to be lamellar pearlite. Etched using picral. 1000× Polishing Polishing of the metallographic specimen generally involves rough polishing and fine polishing. In rough polishing...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 9
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2004
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v09.a0009074
EISBN: 978-1-62708-177-1
... of pressure. The mounted specimen can then be ground and polished as described in the article, “Rough Grinding and Polishing,” in this Volume. Preparation of other metallic honeycomb-cored composites will benefit from this technique as well as thin-walled ribbed composite structures. Fig. 1 Mounted...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003532
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
...) rather than water on the platen and a peripheral holddown ring, and PSA-backed polishing cloths rather than stretched cloths. Metal-bonded or resin-bonded diamond grinding discs produce excellent flat surfaces for a wide variety of materials. Use hard, napless surfaces for rough polishing (until...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 19
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1996
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v19.a0002371
EISBN: 978-1-62708-193-1
... roughness and fatigue is in reality much more complex. Typical plots of fatigue strength versus surface roughness in a given material are often produced experimentally by different surface finishing methods, such as grinding, turning with different tool radii, rough polishing, finish polishing, and lapping...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 9
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2004
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v09.a0003747
EISBN: 978-1-62708-177-1
.... The effectiveness of an abrasion stage must be judged on how quickly it removes the preexisting deformed layer. Also considered are the depths of the damaged layer and the scratches that abrasion produces. Similarly, the first objective of rough polishing must be effective removal of abrasion damage...
Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003245
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... are 60 to 120 s with the direction of grinding changed after each paper. SiC paper has a short life and is not reusable. Coarse, waterproof aluminum oxide paper is now available for rough (planar) grinding, and its life is substantially greater than that of standard SiC paper. Mechanical Polishing...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 January 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0006765
EISBN: 978-1-62708-295-2
... ), staining ( Fig. 13 ), relief (height differences between different constituents, or between holes and constituents) ( Fig. 14 ), or embedding ( Fig. 15 ). Polishing usually is conducted in several stages. Rough polishing is conducted with 9, 6, and/or 3 μm diamond abrasives charged onto napless or low-nap...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 9
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2004
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v09.a0003772
EISBN: 978-1-62708-177-1
... papers are sometimes used. Rough Polishing Most coppers and copper alloys are relatively soft and thus require cutting with minimum rubbing. Rough polishing should be performed using diamond-impregnated nylon cloth. Duck canvas, wool broadcloth, and cotton (listed in order of decreasing preference...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 9
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2004
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v09.a0003770
EISBN: 978-1-62708-177-1
...-, 320-, 400-, then 600-grit abrasives. The sample is rotated 90° between each grinding. Silicon carbide or Al 2 O 3 abrasives may be used. Mechanical Polishing Mechanical polishing is usually accomplished in rough and final stages. Rough polishing is performed using a 6 μm diamond on a wheel...