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Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 6
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v06.a0001456
EISBN: 978-1-62708-173-3
... Abstract This article provides a discussion on filler metal selection, brazing procedures, and brazing equipment for brazing refractory metals. These include molybdenum, tungsten, niobium, and tantalum, and reactive metals. Commercially pure and alpha titanium alloys, alpha-beta alloys...
Book: Machining
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 16
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1989
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v16.a0002189
EISBN: 978-1-62708-188-7
... Abstract This article focuses on the machining of reactive metals which refer collectively to the elements titanium, hafnium, and zirconium. It provides guidelines for machining titanium and titanium alloys and describes machining operations, such as turning, milling, drilling, tapping, reaming...
Image
Published: 01 January 2005
Fig. 2 Isocorrosion curve of reactive and refractory metals in pure hydrochloric acid, 0.13 mm/yr (5 mils/yr) lines More
Image
Published: 01 January 2005
Fig. 6 Isocorrosion curve of reactive and refractory metals in sulfuric acid, 0.13 mm/yr (5 mils/yr) lines More
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 9
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2004
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v09.a0003782
EISBN: 978-1-62708-177-1
... Abstract Zirconium, hafnium, and their alloys are reactive metals used in a variety of nuclear and chemical processing applications. This article describes various specimen preparation procedures for these materials, including sectioning, mounting, grinding, polishing, and etching. It reviews...
Book: Casting
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 15
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v15.a0005242
EISBN: 978-1-62708-187-0
..., namely, ceramic shells and rammed graphite, for casting reactive metals such as titanium or zirconium. ceramic shells coremaking green sand operations titanium zirconium clay resin-bonded sand systems no-bake binder systems heat-cured binder systems cold box binder systems rammed graphite...
Image
Published: 30 November 2018
Fig. 11 Sessile drop of liquid metal spreading over a reactive 4045 aluminum alloy interface. At the onset of spreading, the contact angle is larger than the final equilibrium value; r 4 − r o 4 ∼ t More
Book: Casting
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 15
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v15.a0005204
EISBN: 978-1-62708-187-0
... (for example, for refractory metals), vacuum arc melting and remelting (for reactive metals and superalloys), and electroslag melting and vacuum induction melting (for superalloys, specialty steels, and nonferrous metals). Some advantages and limitations of the competing vacuum processes are given in Table 1...
Book: Casting
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 15
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v15.a0005338
EISBN: 978-1-62708-187-0
... reactor components that were less costly than the forged and machined parts. This program was sponsored by the Atomic Energy Commission and was done in conjunction with a development program for titanium castings. Both titanium and zirconium are reactive metals and require similar processing to produce...
Book Chapter

By G. Keough
Book: Casting
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 15
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v15.a0005203
EISBN: 978-1-62708-187-0
... reactive metals (e.g., titanium and zirconium) that would otherwise attack the linings of a crucible with refractories. The solidified metal creates a corrosion-resistant protective layer on the containment vessel surface. Two methods of skull melt casting have evolved. The first, vacuum arc skull melting...
Image
Published: 01 December 2008
and reactive metals More
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 7
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v07.a0006090
EISBN: 978-1-62708-175-7
... powder used in oxygen scavengers and chemical reactive warmers and heaters. Metal powders used as fuels in solid propellants, pyrotechnic devices, explosives, and similar applications are reviewed. Atomized aluminum, magnesium, tungsten, and zirconium powders are also discussed. atomized aluminum...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 6
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v06.a0001379
EISBN: 978-1-62708-173-3
... to promote initiation of extrusion. For reactive metals, such as zirconium, titanium, and tantalum, the retort may be evacuated and sealed. Both forward and back coextrusion have been employed, but forward coextrusion is the usual mode. A principal advantage of coextrusion welding is that the high isostatic...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2005
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13b.a0003826
EISBN: 978-1-62708-183-2
.... Their process of passing hafnium tetraiodide vapor over a heated filament is the basis for the refining process used today to produce higher-purity hafnium metal. With a standard reduction potential of −1.72 V versus the normal hydrogen electrode at 24 °C (75 °F), hafnium is more reactive than either...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 6A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 October 2011
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v06a.a0005597
EISBN: 978-1-62708-174-0
... welding, gas metal arc welding, and flux cored arc welding. It describes the basic properties of shielding gases, namely, dissociation, recombination, reactivity potential, oxidation potential, and gas purity. The article also provides information on the influence of the shielding gas on weld mechanical...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 6
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v06.a0001340
EISBN: 978-1-62708-173-3
...-gage and heavy out-of-position weldments; achieves good pulsed spray stability over a wide range of arc characteristics and deposition ranges Aluminum, titanium, and other reactive metals ⩽13 ⩽ 1 2 Spray arc Argon Best metal transfer, arc stability, and plate cleaning; little...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2005
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13b.a0003814
EISBN: 978-1-62708-183-2
... making them attractive for applications where moderate strength, light weight, and corrosion resistance are required. Titanium and its alloys are part of a larger family of materials known as the reactive metals. All of these reactive metals, notably titanium, zirconium, niobium, and tantalum...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 6
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v06.a0001368
EISBN: 978-1-62708-173-3
..., aluminum, copper, brass, and titanium. Exceptions are materials that are unstable at welding temperatures, have a negligible hot-work capability, or experience property deterioration that cannot be subsequently recovered. Where necessary, a gas shield can be provided for reactive metals. Tube or pipe sizes...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 6
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v06.a0001441
EISBN: 978-1-62708-173-3
... titanium and austenitic stainless steels. Zirconium has a low coefficient of thermal expansion, which contributes to low distortion during welding. Because of the reactivity of zirconium with oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen, the metal must be shielded during welding with high-purity inert gas or a good...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 22B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 2010
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v22b.a0005514
EISBN: 978-1-62708-197-9
... Abstract The measurement of thermophysical properties of metal alloys, especially at high temperatures, is difficult because of the reactivity of some alloys. This article reviews the methods available for measurement of thermal and other physical properties for liquid, semi-solid, and solid...