Fig. 18 Cooling rate curves for unagitated quenching oils at a bath temperature of 40 °C (105 °F) More

Fig. 30 Comparison of the cooling power of conventional and fast quenching oils. Source: Ref 2 More

Fig. 4 Boundary conductance of three quenching oils at 45 °C (110 °F). Source: Ref 22 More

Fig. 32 Comparison of a fast mineral oil and a quench oil based on canola oil. Source: Ref 8 More

Fig. 20 (a) Advantage of low-viscosity quenching oil over (b) high-viscosity oil. See text for discussion. More

Fig. 31 Typical vacuum quench oil compared to a conventional medium-speed quench oil. Source: Ref 5 More

Fig. 18 Illustration of a GM Quenchometer typically used for quench oil testing More

Fig. 39 Cooling curves for a typical accelerated quenching oil as a function of probe size. Probe is type 304 stainless steel with a type K thermocouple at the geometric center. Bath temperature = 65.5 °C (149.9 °F). Flow rate past the probe surface = 15 m/min (50 ft/min). More

Fig. 97 Variation of cooling rate of an accelerated quench oil with increasing time in use. Source: Ref 248 More

Fig. 98 Effect of increasing water contamination on a conventional quench oil. Source: Ref 249 More

Fig. 99 Effect of increasing water contamination on an accelerated quench oil. Source: Ref 248 More

Fig. 5 Relationship between cooling power and agitation for a quench oil at 60, 80, 100, and 120 °C (140, 175, 210, and 250 °F) More

Fig. 7 Probe cooling rate curves for quench oils having approximately the same GM quenchometer and viscosity values More

Fig. 12 Effect of flow rate of quenching oil on the cooling time of scale-free steel bars. Temperature range criteria are shown in Table 1 . Source: Ref 9 More

Fig. 9 Effect of water content on the cooling curve of a cold quench oil More

Fig. 28 Variation of cross-sectional hardness of four different quench oils with surface pressure for 50 × 100 mm (2 × 4 in.) round SCM 435 (AISI 4135) steel bars. Adapted from Ref 61 More

Fig. 38 Variation of cooling rate of an accelerated quench oil with increasing time in use. Adapted from Ref 91 More

Fig. 39 Effect of increasing water contamination on a conventional quench oil. Adapted from Ref 92 More

Fig. 40 Effect of increasing water contamination on an accelerated quench oil. Adapted from Ref 91 More

Fig. 14 Effect of flow rate of quenching oil on the cooling time of scale-free steel bars. Temperature range criteria are shown in Table 1 . Source: Ref 2 More