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quench tank design

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Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2014
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04b.a0005923
EISBN: 978-1-62708-166-5
... Abstract Quenchant agitation can be obtained by circulating quenchant in a quench tank through pumps and impellers. The selection of the agitation method depends on the tank design, type and volume of the quenchant, part design, and the severity of quench required. This article describes flow...
Image
Published: 30 September 2014
Fig. 2 Schematic of typical tank used for continuous quenching applications. The tank is designed for quenching parts of similar shape from a continuous hardening furnace. Parts fall from the furnace belt through the quenchant and onto a conveyor belt that transports them from the quenching More
Book Chapter

By J.R. Keough
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04a.a0005820
EISBN: 978-1-62708-165-8
.... The quench tank for a continuous system should be sized to maintain a constant temperature at maximum throughput with the cooling capabilities of the system being used. Some systems simply use oversized tanks and depend on convection cooling. Other systems, depending on the system manufacturer or design...
Image
Published: 30 September 2014
Fig. 43 (a) Typical arrangement of ring stacks in the quench tank. Location of propellers (agitation) varies according to tank design. (b) Heat transfer coefficient distribution on the ring surface. (c) Predicted residual effective stress distribution after quenching. Source: Ref 132 More
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 November 2018
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02a.a0006506
EISBN: 978-1-62708-207-5
... than 5 °C (10 °F). This requirement governs the design of most quench tanks regarding the total volume in an immersion quench tank. (See the section “Quench Tank Systems” in this article for more details.) Effect of Water Temperature When water quenchant temperature is increased, two things...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04a.a0005766
EISBN: 978-1-62708-165-8
.... Bogh N. , Quench Tank Agitation Design Using Flow Modeling , Heat Treating: Equipment and Processes—1994 Conference Proceedings , Totten G.E. and Wallis R.A. , Ed., ASM International , 1994 , p 51 – 54 18. Halva J. and Volný J. , Modeling the Flow in a Quench...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4E
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2016
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04e.a0006260
EISBN: 978-1-62708-169-6
... to below 30 °C (90 °F), with the maximum rise of no more than 5 °C (10 °F). This requirement governs the design of most quench tanks regarding the total volume in an immersion quench tank. (See the section “ Quench Tank Systems ” in this article for more details.) Water quenching practices for common...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04a.a0005774
EISBN: 978-1-62708-165-8
... quenchant nucleate boiling heat-transfer conditions on the part surface, slow cooling in air, and convection cooling in the quench tank. The IQ-2 process is usually applied to batch quenching. The IQ-3 process is a one-step intensive cooling method (referred to as an IQ-3 technique), where cooling...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2014
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04b.a0005924
EISBN: 978-1-62708-166-5
..., including cooling systems, power supplies, heat stations, work handling fixtures, induction or work coils, and quench systems. The article discusses the influence of system elements on induction heat treating system design. It also deals with the general theory, types, and applications of induction coils...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4C
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 09 June 2014
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04c.a0005862
EISBN: 978-1-62708-167-2
..., on quenching. It also describes various quenching methods for steel induction heat treating, namely, spray quenching, immersion quenching, self or mass quenching, and forced air quenching. The article also reviews quench system design and quenchants and their maintenance. brine quenching induction...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 22A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2009
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v22a.a0005436
EISBN: 978-1-62708-196-2
... it right the first time.” Unfortunately, there are few design rules that dictate the racking of a part in a given furnace. The application of computer modeling allows these mistakes to be made on the computer instead of on the manufacturing shop floor. During the quenching process, when a hot component...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04a.a0005794
EISBN: 978-1-62708-165-8
... the fluidized beds. As with convection quenching tanks such as oil and water, the fluidized bed must be designed for a maximum temperature rise of no more than 20 to 40 °C (40 to 70 °F) during the quenching cycle. The basic calculations used to size the container are identical in principle to that of sizing...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04a.a0005824
EISBN: 978-1-62708-165-8
... or the agitation, quenchant temperature, or the quenching medium. The design of the quenching system and the thoroughness with which the system is maintained contribute to the success of the process. Part design also contributes to the mechanical properties and distortion that will result from a particular...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2014
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04b.a0005932
EISBN: 978-1-62708-166-5
... generally increase the likelihood of distortion or cracking. Complex baffling patterns in the quench tank and propeller agitation, both of which often are necessary with oil and water quenchants, are not always required with a brine quench but may be required for steels with very low hardenability...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4C
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 09 June 2014
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04c.a0005850
EISBN: 978-1-62708-167-2
... the quench collection tank removing any sludge or scale. Examine tank for damage to surface coatings and beginning of tank corrosion. As required, adjust idler rolls for any chain drives. Yearly, check the quench low-level sensor for proper function. Check brushes in the motors and drives. Replace...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 5
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1994
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v05.a0001226
EISBN: 978-1-62708-170-2
... the center frequency. For example, a transducer designed to run at 30 kHz will be driven by a generator that sweeps between 29 and 31 kHz. This technology eliminates the standing waves and hot spots in the tank that are characteristic of older, fixed-frequency generators. Autofollow circuitry is designed...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 22B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 2010
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v22b.a0005530
EISBN: 978-1-62708-197-9
... be different from that in the top. When heat treating alloys that are cooling-rate sensitive, this may translate into different properties being obtained in the top and bottom parts of a component. In most industrial quench tanks, agitation is not tremendously powerful in the working area. Ducts or impellers...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 20
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1997
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v20.a0002489
EISBN: 978-1-62708-194-8
...), dimensional changes (with respect to size and shape), and, in an extreme situation, component cracking, often referred to as quench cracking. These factors (residual stresses and dimensional changes) have the greatest influence on the design process of a component. Often, the inability to produce components...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2014
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04b.a0005957
EISBN: 978-1-62708-166-5
... of the treatment ( Ref 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ). For handling batch loads of material to be heated, quenched, and tempered, quench tanks and cranes should be located in such a way that little time is lost in moving the material from the furnace into the quenching medium. In heat treating furnaces, many furnace...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2014
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04b.a0005926
EISBN: 978-1-62708-166-5
...-based atmospheres, industrial gas nitrogen-base atmospheres, argon atmospheres, and hydrogen atmospheres. Atmospheres for backfilling, partial pressure operation, and quenching in vacuum are also discussed. Furnace atmospheres constitute four major groups of safety hazards in heat treating: fire...