Fig. 18 A transverse view of a titanium fiber metal pad (commercially pure titanium) attached to a titanium hip implant (Ti-6Al-4V) showing the metallurgical bonds between the titanium wires and the substrate More

Fig. 87 Furrow-type fatigue fracture in a commercially pure titanium alloy IMI 155 tested at room temperature in laboratory air. Δ K = 16 MPa m (14.5 ksi in. ), da/dN = 10 −8 m/cycle. Source: Ref 236 More

Fig. 103 Fracture in a weld in commercially pure titanium showing incomplete fusion. Unfused regions, on both surfaces (arrows), served as nuclei of fatigue cracks that developed later under cyclic loading. More

Fig. 12 Shear fracture of a commercially pure titanium screw. (a) SEM fractograph showing spiral textured fracture surface of sheared-off screw. Typical deformation lines are fanning out on the thread. (b) Uniformly distributed shearing tongues and dimples More

Fig. 27 Fracture surface of commercially pure titanium test specimens that failed at an applied stress level of 600 MPa (87 ksi) in air. (a) Very fine fatigue striations. (b) Coarse fatigue striations probably in transition to glide bands. (c) Overload tearing structures More

Fig. 28 Fatigue-fracture surface of broken commercially pure titanium bone plate with mixed fracture morphology. (a) Fracture surface shows fatigue striations, terraces, and tearing ridges, depending on the local crystallographic orientation. 250×. (b) Higher magnification view of the area More

Fig. 8 Equiaxed α structure of pure titanium. The white surface layer is oxygen-stabilized α. The green at the top is mounting resin. Color etched with 100 mL distilled H 2 O and 5 g NH 4 HF 2 . 50×. (G. Müller) More

Fig. 56 Microstructure of commercially pure titanium (ASTM F 67, grade 2) (longitudinal plane) etched with modified Weck's reagent and viewed with crossed polarized light plus sensitive tint to reveal the grain structure. Magnification bar is 100 μm long. More

Fig. 61 Microstructure of commercially pure titanium (ASTM F 67, grade 4) (transverse plane, specimen was annealed) heat tinted on a laboratory hot plate, and viewed with polarized light plus sensitive tint to reveal the grain structure. More

Fig. 114 Electrical resistivity of 99.9% pure titanium More

Fig. 115 Typical tensile properties of 99.9% pure titanium More

Fig. 11 TIRO process for manufacturing of commercially pure titanium powder. Source: Ref 13 More

Fig. 12 Morphology of TIRO-processed commercially pure titanium powder. Source: Ref 13 More

Fig. 7 Typical microstructure of commercially pure titanium, grade 4 More

Fig. 5 Two common corrosion applications for commercially pure titanium components. (a) Valve body. (b) Pump body. Both are used in the chemical processing industry. Courtesy of Oregon Metallurgical Corporation More

Fig. 14 Commercially pure titanium BE parts. (a) Assortment of porous filters for electrochemical processes. (b) Assortment of parts for the chemical industry. Courtesy of Clevite Industries More

Fig. 1 Density of pure titanium as a function of temperature. The volume decreases as the hexagonal close-packed (hcp) alpha phase transforms to body-centered cubic (bcc) beta at 885 °C (1625 °F), the beta transus. mp, melting point. Source: Ref 1 More

Fig. 10 Hardness profile differences of pure titanium investment castings by four mold materials: Al 2 O 3 , ZrSiO 2 , ZrO 2 , and CaO-stabilized ZrO 2. These data indicate that alumina increases α-case depth. Adapted from Ref 10 , 14 , 15 More

Fig. 14 Stress-strain curves of hydrogenated grade 2 commercially pure titanium. Source: Ref 20 More

Fig. 24 Typical microstructures of commercially pure titanium plate with normal iron content and low iron content. The β-spheroids in the high-iron material tend to restrict grain growth. Original magnification: 100×. Courtesy of RMI Co. More