Fig. 7 (a) Typical pouring spout design and (b) pouring spout positioning during casting. ID, inside diameter; OD, outside diameter More

Fig. 3 Cross section of a mold and pouring basin of a tilt-pouring machine. Pouring basin is filled when mold is horizontal. Mold is tilted to upright position to fill the cavity. Source: Adapted from Ref 2 More

Fig. 14 Automatic pouring into molds on continuously moving line. (a) Pouring into flaskless molds on an indexing line from bottom-pour unit with stopper rod. (b) Synchronized pouring on a continuously moving line with mechanized ladles capable of x -axis and y -axis travel More

Fig. 5 Pouring furnace, with 20 t (22-ton) utility capacity and pouring basin for a double stopper. Courtesy of ABP Induction Systems More

Fig. 44 Pouring system with the retracted pouring furnace and stopper ladle in a traveling bridge structure over the forming belt. Source: Ref 38 More

Fig. 36 Pouring system with the retracted pouring furnace and stopper ladle in a traveling bridge structure over the forming belt More

Fig. 4 Cross section of a mold and pouring basin of a tilt-pouring machine. Pouring basin is filled when mold is horizontal, and mold is tilted to upright position to fill the cavity. Source: Adapted from Ref 3 . Courtesy American Foundry Society More

Fig. 9 Pouring shrouds from ladle to tundish to mold. Source: Ref 15 More

Fig. 46 This thin-wall steel casting required rapid pouring to fill the mold completely. Three cores obstructed the free flow of metal, creating eddies that resulted in defects. Redesign of cores as shown, had it been otherwise acceptable, would have solved the problem of metal flow. More

Fig. 25 Section of a typical sand mold with pouring basin More

Fig. 2 Construction details of a typical ladle used for pouring magnesium alloys. Dimensions given in inches. More

Fig. 3 Pouring of a permanent mold for an Elektron 21 alloy casting using the fluxless technique. Courtesy of Magnesium Elektron More

Fig. 9 This thin-wall steel casting required rapid pouring to fill the mold completely. Three ores obstructed the free flow of metal, creating eddies that resulted in defects. Redesign of cores as shown, had it been otherwise acceptable, would have solved the problem of metal flow. More

Fig. 13 Use of chaplets to support cores to prevent core sag before pouring and core float after pouring More

Fig. 5 Typical setup for vacuum-assist pouring of a conventional plaster mold casting. (a) Side view of conventional plaster mold positioned between upper and lower plates for pouring with vacuum assist. (b) Details of a top plate (A) seen from the bottom showing vacuum channels More

Fig. 7 Cylinder used for pouring a casting with pressure assist More

Fig. 2 Pouring of a lost foam casting More

Fig. 8 Reactions taking place during a lost foam pouring operation. EPS, expandable polystyrene More

Fig. 2 2 Two axis motion robotic ladle pouring system More

Fig. 3 Vacuum suction tube dosing pouring system More