Controlled-potential coulometry is a highly precise and accurate method primarily used for major constituent analysis of analyte substances such as alloys, compounds, nonmetallic materials and organic compounds. This article illustrates the apparatus required for controlled-potential coulometry, and provides information on its techniques and applications. It contains a table that lists the metals for which accurate methods have been developed and the basic electrochemistry of the procedures. The article explains that gold and uranium are the elements that are determined frequently in various sample types.

Electrode potential is a key parameter in the thermodynamic and kinetic processes that drive aqueous corrosion. This article discusses the complexities associated with measuring electrode potential and explains where and how to use reference electrodes to improve measurement accuracy. It describes a three-electrode approach that compensates for measurement error stemming from nonequilibrium conditions. It also examines electrode materials and behaviors and offers insights on selection and operating conditions.

A potential pH diagram is a graphical representation of the relations, derived from the Nernst equation, between the pH and the equilibrium potentials (E) of the most probable electrochemical reactions occurring in a solution containing a specific element. This article describes three types of reactions for calculation and construction of E-pH diagrams: electrochemical reactions of pure charge (electron) transfer; reactions involving both electron and solvated proton transfer; and acid-base reactions of pure solvated proton transfer. It illustrates the practical use of E-pH diagrams for temperature aqueous solutions and adsorbed species and in prediction of corrosion of nickel and copper.

To improve the performance of additive manufacturing (AM) systems, a critical need exists for collaborative generation, acquisition, curation, and analysis of digital AM data across the product life cycle. This article discusses the history, development, and potential benefits of the AM Common Data Dictionary (AM-CDD), along with future directions.

The electrode potential is one of the most important parameters in the thermodynamics and kinetics of corrosion. This article discusses the fundamentals of electrode potentials and illustrates the thermodynamics of chemical equilibria by using the hydrogen potential scale and the Nernst equation. It describes galvanic cell reactions and corrosion reactions in an aqueous solution in an electrochemical cell. The article explores the most common cathodic reactions encountered in metallic corrosion in aqueous systems. The reactions included are proton reduction, water reduction, reduction of dissolved oxygen, metal ion reduction, and metal deposition. The article also presents the standard equilibrium potentials measured at 25 deg C relative to a standard hydrogen electrode for various metal-ion electrodes in a tabular form.