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Published: 01 January 1994
Fig. 1 States that have pollution prevention or hazardous waste minimization laws as of 1994 (shown in gray). Source: Ref 5 , More
Image
Published: 01 January 2003
Fig. 16 Denickelification of cupronickel pipe exposed to a polluted marine estuary More
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Published: 01 January 2005
Fig. 11 Corrosion rates versus SO 2 pollution levels at six exposure sites. Rainfall at the sites ranged from 533 to 965 mm/yr (21 to 38 in./yr). Source: Ref 22 More
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13C
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13c.a0004172
EISBN: 978-1-62708-184-9
... focuses on the key factors contributing to corrosion of electronic components, namely, chemicals (salts containing halides, sulfides, acids, and alkalis), temperature, air (polluted air), moisture, contact between dissimilar metals in a wet condition, applied potential differences, and stress...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13C
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13c.a0004142
EISBN: 978-1-62708-184-9
... Abstract The corrosion processes of metals during burial are affected by environmental pollutants, other archaeological material, geography, microorganisms in the soil, vegetation, land use, soil chemistry, soil physical properties, and the presence or absence of water and air. This article...
Book Chapter

By W.L. Mathay
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13C
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13c.a0004153
EISBN: 978-1-62708-184-9
... Abstract This article begins with a discussion on the components and importance of flue gas desulfurization (FGD) technology used in power plant for pollution control. It further discusses the corrosion problems encountered in different operating zones of FGD system and the major forms...
Book Chapter

By Stephen C. Dexter
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13C
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13c.a0004105
EISBN: 978-1-62708-184-9
... Abstract This article discusses the general properties of ocean water and their effects on corrosion. It describes the major and minor features of the ocean water on corrosion, including the effects of variability, pollutants, and fouling organisms. Effects of water flow velocity on marine...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13C
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13c.a0004140
EISBN: 978-1-62708-184-9
... provides a list of pollutants and their sources in museums and collections. It discusses the sources of corrosion, including plastic and wood, sulfur, and carbonyl compounds. The article describes the preservation steps for materials in museum to eliminate the corrosive sources acting on the objects...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13C
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13c.a0004141
EISBN: 978-1-62708-184-9
... Abstract This article describes the various environmental factors that cause corrosion on metal artifacts, which include water, temperature fluctuations, pollutants, local conditions of acidity or alkalinity, vegetation, and animals. The corrosion processes experienced by five common metals...
Book Chapter

By Lucien Veleva, Russell D. Kane
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2003
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13a.a0003606
EISBN: 978-1-62708-182-5
... of atmospheric factors, climatic conditions, and air-chemical pollutants that determine the corrosiveness of the atmosphere and contribute to the metal corrosion process are discussed. The article reviews the phenomenon of precipitation runoff on the corroded metal surface and the corrosive microbial effect...
Book Chapter

By D.L. Donohue, J.A. Carter
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 10
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1986
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v10.a0001737
EISBN: 978-1-62708-178-8
... Abstract Spark source mass spectrometry (SSMS) is an analytical technique used for determining the concentration of elements in a wide range of solid samples, including metals, semiconductors, ceramics, geological and biological materials, and air and water pollution samples. This article...
Book Chapter

By Kavita M. Jeerage, Gregory P. Dooley
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 10
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v10.a0006636
EISBN: 978-1-62708-213-6
..., food constituents, flavors, fragrances, industrial chemicals, pesticides, and pollutants. Readers are introduced to the most commonly employed mode, reverse-phase chromatography, with examples and an exclusive focus on commercially available instruments and consumables. The discussion covers...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 5
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1994
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v05.a0001321
EISBN: 978-1-62708-170-2
... legislation to curtail pollution. The social revolution of the 1960s and 1970s brought the Clean Air Act and the Clean Water Act, but these did little but divert wastes to landfills. In 1980 the Resources Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) was passed for the purpose of tracking hazardous waste from...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2003
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13a.a0003649
EISBN: 978-1-62708-182-5
... ). One way to address this is to characterize atmospheric exposures as occurring in rural, urban, industrial, or marine environments, or a combination of these. These designations reflect the level of chemical pollutants that are typical in the test environment. Table 1 lists typical rates...
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Published: 01 January 2003
Fig. 7 Cumulative copper precipitation runoff losses at marine unpolluted and polluted sites as a function of exposure time More
Image
Published: 01 January 2003
Fig. 8 Dry deposition, strong acid, weak acid, and brochantite deposition contributions to cumulative copper precipitation runoff loss as determined by geochemical modeling for the polluted Washington, D.C. site More
Book Chapter

By Mark W. Ingle
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 5
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1994
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v05.a0001322
EISBN: 978-1-62708-170-2
... with these rules will cost domestic industry $159,616,000/year ( Ref 4 ). Environmental laws in the United States make cadmium-bearing waste disposal or emissions expensive. In addition, 29 states have passed pollution prevention acts that mandate reductions in hazardous waste (such as waste that contains...
Book Chapter

By William J. Gilbert
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13C
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13c.a0004137
EISBN: 978-1-62708-184-9
..., and because cost is a design factor in pollution control equipment, it is not unusual to see FRP in the final equipment stage. That is, scrubber housings, pump bodies, and even fans can be made of FRP. A premium polyester or vinyl-ester resin can withstand even the most severe corrosive atmospheres...
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Published: 01 January 2005
rates increased significantly under such conditions. Pitting in the stainless steel liner resulted from under-deposit attack exacerbated by particulates and pollutants in the flue gas stream, including sulfur and chlorine species. Control: Eliminate cold-air draughts and maintain temperatures above More
Book Chapter

By Shirley T. Fleischmann
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 20
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1997
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v20.a0002438
EISBN: 978-1-62708-194-8
... of a wide variety of products and processes. Ranging from concerns about chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and possible destruction of the ozone layer to concerns about shrinking landfill capacity to concerns about pollution of air, water, and land, protection of the earth's environment has become a global issue...