Fig. 10 Wide range of pistons made in pearlitic malleable iron. Courtesy of Gieterij Doesburg, Netherlands More

Fig. 24 Failure density function of diesel engine pistons More

Fig. 41 Glass-filled phenolic applications including disk brake pistons, a metal conversion to phenolic. Courtesy of Occidental Chemical Corporation, Durez Division More

Fig. 12 Cylindrical sample, ceramic sample holder, and pistons. Source: Ref 16 More

Fig. 11 Variety of parts, including automotive pistons, metallurgically bonded diesel-engine pistons, compressor pistons, cylindrical and journal bearings, anodes, and cookware, produced using the low-pressure casting process More

Fig. 10 Wide range of pistons made in pearlitic malleable iron. Courtesy of Gieterij Doesburg, Netherlands More

Fig. 15 Aluminum alloy 4032 pistons typically used for race cars More

Fig. 6 Piston assembly system showing (a) piston-skirt/liner subsystem, (b) ring-pack/liner subsystem, and (c) piston-pin/pin bearing surfaces. More

Fig. 10 Schematic of piston, piston pin, connecting rod and bearing surfaces More

Fig. 158 Surface of a fracture in a lift-truck hydraulic-piston rod of low-carbon steel that broke at a fillet by fatigue. Several fatigue-crack nuclei are evident at top edge (between A's), and there is another at the bottom edge (between B's). Fracture was by reversed bending. Final fast More

Fig. 570 Surface of a fatigue fracture in a 200-mm (8-in.) diam piston rod of a steam hammer for forging. The rod was fabricated from 0.26C-0.70Mn-0.87Ni-1Cr steel and heat treated to a hardness of 24 HRC at the surface and 17 HRC at the center of the section. This is an example More

Fig. 49 Piston for a gun-recoil mechanism, sand cast from ductile iron conforming to MIL-I-11466, grade D7003, that fractured in fatigue because of vermicularity of graphite. (a) and (b) Two different views of the piston showing fractures; A and B indicate orifices (see text). Approximately More

Fig. 33 Permanent mold cast piston (90 to 120 HB) that was ground in a single pass, removing 0.41 to 0.46 mm (0.016 to 0.018 in.) of stock. Dimensions in figure given in inches Machine Cylindrical grinder, 152 × 457 mm (6 × 18 in.), with automatic infeed electric-cycle control More

Fig. 12 Propeller piston forging in which forged and machined cavities were employed in combination. See Example 6 . Dimensions in figure given in inches Item Conventional forging Material AMS 4130 (aluminum alloy 2025) (a) (b) Forging operations Preblock; block; finish More

Fig. 11 Cylinder in a hydraulic press brake showing adjustable piston travel More

Fig. 17 Boring 30 piston rings at a time, using a single-point carbide tool for roughing, and a blade-type cutter for finishing to a specified maximum surface roughness of 0.75 μm (30 μin.). Dimensions in figure given in inches Speed, at 700 rev/min, m/min (sfm) 60 (200) Feed, mm More

Fig. 8 Setup and fixture for lapping eight piston rings simultaneously More

Fig. 25 Brake piston for hydraulic transmission used in zero-turn-radius lawn maintenance equipment. Lovejoy Powder Metal Group, courtesy of MPIF More

Fig. 11 Uniform walls of this permanent mold cast aluminum piston (a) resulted in simultaneous freezing, which caused porosity and centerline shrinkage. By tapering the walls and adding ribs for metal feed paths to the bosses (b), acceptable castings were easily produced. More

Fig. 7 Simulation of mold filling of a piston dome More