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particle-induced X-ray emission spectroscopy

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Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 10
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1986
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v10.a0001734
EISBN: 978-1-62708-178-8
... the applications of PIXE in three areas, namely, atmospheric physics and chemistry, external proton milliprobes and historical analysis, and PIXE microprobes. calibration data reduction particle-induced X-ray emission spectroscopy quality assurance X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy Overview...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 10
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v10.a0006666
EISBN: 978-1-62708-213-6
... in the atmosphere are important because they are part of the aerosol mass, and all results must be quantitative. These severe, simultaneous but important requirements demand the specialized capabilities of PIXE. Particle-induced x-ray emission spectroscopy “sees” more elements in a single analysis than any other...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 10
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1986
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v10.a0005693
EISBN: 978-1-62708-178-8
... spectroscopy PGAA prompt gamma-ray activation analysis PIXE particle-induced x-ray emission RBS Rutherford backscattering spectrometry RDF radial distribution function (analysis) RHEED reflection high-energy electron diffraction SAD selected-area diffraction...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 5A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v05a.a0005731
EISBN: 978-1-62708-171-9
... materials. This article discusses various characterization methods for powders. Topics discussed include: methods for determining particle size and/or size distribution; powder and coating stoichiometry; particle chemistry; and phase analysis by x-ray diffraction. This article discusses the characterization...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 10
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v10.a0006748
EISBN: 978-1-62708-213-6
... effect. See Stark effect. the local crystallographic phase and orienta- given period. electrode. In emission spectroscopy, either of tion. See also Kikuchi lines and Kikuchi dot map. See x-ray map. pattern. doublets. Double peaks in an x-ray photoelec- two terminals between which an electrical tron...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 10
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1986
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v10.a0005692
EISBN: 978-1-62708-178-8
... shows an enlarged image of photographic plates. emulsion. the tip, and individual atoms are made visible. See also atom probe. emission spectroscopy. The branch of spec- extended x-ray absorption fine structure troscopy treating the theory, interpreta- (EXAFS). The weak oscillatory structure field...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 7
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v07.a0006126
EISBN: 978-1-62708-175-7
..., such as X-ray powder diffraction, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy, atomic absorption spectroscopy, and atomic fluorescence spectrometry, are also discussed. atomic absorption spectroscopy atomic fluorescence spectrometry Auger electron spectroscopy bulk analysis electron...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 January 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0006770
EISBN: 978-1-62708-295-2
... energy of ≈12 keV or higher is needed to induce copper K α emission. Handheld X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis By their very nature, handheld XRF units are designed to be used on samples in the field that require little or no sample preparation. However, for best results, it is desirable to satisfy...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 10
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v10.a0006642
EISBN: 978-1-62708-213-6
... is used to count the number of tagged atoms by observing and recording the individual radiation emissions. Neutron activation analysis is a powerful assay technique primarily because neutrons, unlike charged particles ( e − ) or photons (x-rays), can penetrate deeply into most bulk materials...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 10
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1986
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v10.a0001733
EISBN: 978-1-62708-178-8
.... electromagnetic radiation energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometers qualitative analysis quantitative analysis sample preparation X-ray absorption spectroscopy X-ray emission spectroscopy Overview Introduction X-ray spectrometry, or x-ray fluorescence, is an emission spectroscopic technique that has...
Book Chapter

By S. Lampman
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 10
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v10.a0006645
EISBN: 978-1-62708-213-6
.... However, the x-ray flux from isotopic sources that can be safety handled in a laboratory is too weak for practical use. Because gamma-ray sources usually emit only a few narrow x-ray lines, several are required to excite many elements efficiently. Another method is particle-induced x-ray emission applied...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 January 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0006771
EISBN: 978-1-62708-295-2
... materials is seldom performed. A competing process to Auger electron generation is that of x-ray emission, the analytical signal for the technique known as energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS). In general, x-ray emission is more pronounced for heavier elements, while the probability of Auger...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 18
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 December 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v18.a0006402
EISBN: 978-1-62708-192-4
... Desorbed atoms, molecules Imaging … Identification of adsorbed and stored materials TXRF Total-reflection x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy X-ray Fluorescent x-ray Composition distribution 10 9 atoms/cm 2 ; depth direction several nanometers Surface contaminants UPS Ultraviolet photoelectron...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 10
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1986
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v10.9781627081788
EISBN: 978-1-62708-178-8
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 10
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v10.a0006640
EISBN: 978-1-62708-213-6
... Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a technique based on the optical emission from a laser-induced plasma (laser spark), generated in the very intense electromagnetic field of a laser pulse. As such, it cannot be described as a certain type of emission source in the same way as the other...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 10
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1986
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v10.a0001732
EISBN: 978-1-62708-178-8
.... The article also discusses the uses of some special techniques used in molecular fluorescence spectroscopy. emission spectroscopy molecular fluorescence spectroscopy qualitative analysis quantitative analysis uranium Overview Introduction Molecular fluorescence spectroscopy has...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 10
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1986
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v10.a0001770
EISBN: 978-1-62708-178-8
... elemental images. In XPS, bombardment of the sample surface with x-rays results in photoelectron and Auger electron emission. Thus, an XPS spectrum contains both sets of peaks representing sample surface and provides much information (see the article “X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy” in this Volume...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 5
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1994
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v05.a0005586
EISBN: 978-1-62708-170-2
... width W watt W load; weight of body; abrasive wear resistance; wear volume WDS wavelength-dispersive spectrometer WPC wear particle concentration WRP work removal parameter wt% weight percent XPS x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy XRD x-ray...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 10
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v10.9781627082136
EISBN: 978-1-62708-213-6
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 10
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v10.a0006657
EISBN: 978-1-62708-213-6
... electron. Excited atoms are unstable, and de-excitation occurs immediately, resulting in the emission of an x-ray or a low-energy electron termed an Auger electron ( Fig. 1 ). Figure 1(a) illustrates the process of an atom in the initial state excited by an electron or other incident particle, resulting...