Search Results for oxide layers

Fig. 7 Micrograph through a flame-sprayed aluminum coating showing oxide layers within the coating (thin dark lines) More

Fig. 13 Oxide layer at the interface between an (Al,Ti)N coating and a high-speed steel substrate (Fe), disclosed by using crater edge profiling with scanning Auger microscopy. Source: Ref 54 More

Fig. 2 Temperature profile through the oxide layer in heat flow condition. Temperature decreasing from zirconium alloy to coolant More

Fig. 20 Simplified model of nonuniform oxide layer consisting of thick islands on a thin skin More

Fig. 40 Section of a thick oxide layer on a low-carbon steel prepared by a semiautomatic preparation procedure using suspensions of diamond abrasives. The section was prepared by the procedure summarized in Table 2 , stage 4 of this procedure being the final-polishing stage. The phases More

Fig. 7 Hardness gradient for steel (not including oxide layer) in Fig. 5 after austenitization in vacuum followed by quenching; decarburized depth is about 500 μm. Source: Ref 3 . More

Fig. 29 Cracking of “glaze” oxide layer because of substrate creep in the fretting contact regions More

Fig. 5 Erosion on nonprotective oxide layer. Ti-6Al-4V sample eroded at 700 °C (1300 °F) in air using 270 μm SiO 2 abrasive at 20 m/s (45 mph) More

Fig. 6 Erosion on a protective oxide layer. Type 310 stainless steel (UNS S31000) sample eroded at 700 °C (1300 °F) in air using 270 μm SiO 2 abrasive at 20 m/s (45 mph) More

Fig. 5 Schematic for the structure of the passive oxide layer on aluminum as AlO 4− tetrahedral structures form a continuous chainlike coupling over the surface. Source: Ref 6 , reprinted by permission from Springer More

Fig. 21 Ceramic wear debris formed from oxide layer removal on Al 2 O 3 -SiC w disk specimen following 1200 °C (2192 °F) sliding in air. Source: Ref 134 More

Fig. 19 Aluminum oxide dewpoint sensor. (a) Layered construction. (b) Circuit equivalent. C 0 , capacitance of aluminum oxide layer; C 2 , pore-base capacitance; R 0 , resistance of aluminum oxide; R 1 , pore-side resistance; and R 2 , pore-base resistance More

Fig. 29 Backscattered electron image of oxide scale layer on steel. Note the phases in the layer. Unetched. Original magnification 360× More

Fig. 1 Corroded Pb-3Sb battery grid. To preserve oxides and sulfate layers, the grid was embedded in resin prior to polishing. Classical etching would reveal the metal structure but destroy corrosion. A very long final mechanical polish, with 0.05 μm alumina and chemical etching for just 1 s More

Fig. 103 Suspended ∼0.2-μm AlNi particles on the aluminum oxide surface layer (light area) and with amorphous Al(Ni) in the thicker sample regions (dark area). Bright-field micrograph obtained by 120 kV. Inset: Electron-diffraction pattern from the thicker area showing the amorphous phase More

Fig. 9 Schematic of the active metal/passive oxide/Helmholtz double layer/solution interfaces that are present on a passivated metal surface More

Fig. 11 Several layers (both dense and porous) of waterside oxidation/corrosion make up the hot-side deposit in the vicinity of the failure. Needlelike, fibrous oxides are contained in one layer, and another layer contains several copper metal particles. Original magnification: 210×. Courtesy More

Fig. 10 Lubricant layer consisting of oxide, adsorbed additives, and fluid between two surfaces More

Fig. 45 Microstructures of oxidized gray iron. (a) 650 °C (1200 °F), three layers of oxide. Original magnification: 250×. (b) 750 °C (1380 °F), two layers of oxide. Original magnification: 125×. (c) Oxidation around graphite flakes. Original magnification: 300×. Copyright 1968. Gordon More

Fig. 19 Elevator worm showing fatigue cracks. The layer of oxidized oil indicates the failure began long ago. More