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nitrocarburizing
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Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04a.a0005791
EISBN: 978-1-62708-165-8
... studies, and applications of nitrocarburizing of steel. glow-discharge process microstructure nitrocarburizing plasma nitriding plasma nitrocarburizing process control steel Introduction Plasma nitriding (also known as ion nitriding, plasma ion nitriding, or glow-discharge nitriding...
Abstract
Plasma (ion) nitriding is a method of surface hardening using glow-discharge technology to introduce nascent (elemental) nitrogen to the surface of a metal part for subsequent diffusion into the material. This article describes the procedures and applications of plasma nitriding methods of steel. These methods include direct-current plasma nitriding, pulsed-current plasma nitriding, and active-screen plasma nitriding. The article reviews cold-walled and hot-walled furnaces used for plasma nitriding. It provides information on the importance of controlling three process parameters: atmosphere, pressure, and part temperature. The article includes a discussion on the influence of nitrogen concentration on case structure formation on nitrided steel, and explains the significance of microstructure, hardness, and fatigue strength on nitrided case. It also discusses processing, laboratory studies, and applications of nitrocarburizing of steel.
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04a.a0005818
EISBN: 978-1-62708-165-8
... and nitrocarburizing of iron-base materials with gaseous processes. It describes nitriding potentials and the Lehrer diagram, carburizing potentials, controlled nitriding and nitrocarburizing, and the microstructural evolution of the compound layer and the diffusion zone. carburizing iron-nitrogen phase diagram...
Abstract
The nitriding process typically involves the introduction of nitrogen into the surface-adjacent zone of a component, usually at a temperature between 500 and 580 deg C. This article provides an overview of the essential aspects of the thermodynamics and kinetics of nitriding and nitrocarburizing of iron-base materials with gaseous processes. It describes nitriding potentials and the Lehrer diagram, carburizing potentials, controlled nitriding and nitrocarburizing, and the microstructural evolution of the compound layer and the diffusion zone.
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04a.a0005806
EISBN: 978-1-62708-165-8
... Abstract This article summarizes the terminology for gas reactions, and discusses low-temperature nitriding and nitrocarburizing of stainless steels. It describes the various nitriding processes, namely, high- and low-pressure nitriding, oxynitriding, sulfonitriding, oxysulfonitriding, ferritic...
Abstract
This article summarizes the terminology for gas reactions, and discusses low-temperature nitriding and nitrocarburizing of stainless steels. It describes the various nitriding processes, namely, high- and low-pressure nitriding, oxynitriding, sulfonitriding, oxysulfonitriding, ferritic nitrocarburizing and austenitic nitrocarburizing. The article includes a discussion on the difficulties in specimen cleaning, importance of furnace purge, uses of pre and post oxidation, depassivation, or activation, and requirements for perfect nucleation in nitriding process. In nitriding, the successful atmosphere control depends on various potentials. The article summarizes the methods of measuring potentials in nitriding and nitrocarburizing, provides useful information on the furnaces used, and the safety precautions to be followed in the nitriding process. It also describes the sample preparation procedures and testing methods to ensure the quality of the sample.
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in Processes and Furnace Equipment for Heat Treating of Tool Steels[1]
> Heat Treating of Irons and Steels
Published: 01 October 2014
Fig. 21 Effluent-free salt bath nitrocarburizing line. Source: Durferrit GmbH
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in Processes and Furnace Equipment for Heat Treating of Tool Steels[1]
> Heat Treating of Irons and Steels
Published: 01 October 2014
Fig. 25 Schematic layout of the process control of nitriding and nitrocarburizing processes. Source: Aichelin GmbH
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Published: 01 October 2014
Fig. 17 Hardness-depth profiles after nitriding (solid lines) and nitrocarburizing (dash-dot lines) for 16 h of 100 μm strip 7C27Mo2 (molybdenum-modified AISI 420) at the temperatures indicated. Hardness profiles were fitted assuming a sigmoidal function. Source: Ref 86
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Published: 01 October 2014
Fig. 32 Schematic of plasma nitriding and nitrocarburizing equipment. 1 and 2, gas introduction; 3, thermocouple; 4, cathode; 5, pressure sensor; 6 to 8, needle valve; 9, diaphragm valve; 10, solenoid; 11, vacuum pump; 12, sample holder; 13, sample; 14, anode; 15, sealing ring; 16, stainless
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Published: 01 August 2013
Fig. 3 Nitrocarburized steel surfaces. (a) Ferritic nitrocarburizing at 570 °C (1060 °F), where gen is the predominant element in the compound layer of epsilon (ε) carbonitride. (b) Low-temperature austenitic nitrocarburizing at 700 °C (1290 °F), with a martensitic or bainitic microstructure
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in Gas Nitriding and Gas Nitrocarburizing of Steels
> Steel Heat Treating Fundamentals and Processes
Published: 01 August 2013
Fig. 12 Nitrocarburizing diagram displaying isoconcentration lines for nitrogen and carbon, calculated according to Kunze ( Ref 18 ). The diagram gives the expected compound layer composition, depending on nitriding potential and carbon activity at 575 °C (1065 °F). Source: Ref 1
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in Gas Nitriding and Gas Nitrocarburizing of Steels
> Steel Heat Treating Fundamentals and Processes
Published: 01 August 2013
Fig. 19 Nitrocarburizing time to create a compound layer of approximately 10 μm on a microalloyed 1006 (high strength, low alloy) steel at varying temperatures. The nitriding potential has been adjusted to match the temperature and is controlled using NH 3 and dissociated NH 3 with a 10 vol
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in Gas Nitriding and Gas Nitrocarburizing of Steels
> Steel Heat Treating Fundamentals and Processes
Published: 01 August 2013
Fig. 27 H 2 -O 2 measuring system for nitriding and nitrocarburizing atmospheres mounted on the back side of a horizontal retort furnace. The hydrogen analyzer is mounted on top of the flange, with the oxygen probe sticking from the back into the furnace retort. Courtesy of Process-Electronic
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Published: 01 August 2013
Fig. 15 Sample of plain carbon steel after low-cyanide salt bath nitrocarburizing treatment (Process 3). The high level of apparent porosity is a characteristic of high sulfur content in the compound zone; dark areas are actually iron-sulfide nodules, not voids.
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in Plasma (Ion) Nitriding and Nitrocarburizing of Steels
> Steel Heat Treating Fundamentals and Processes
Published: 01 August 2013
Fig. 28 Plasma nitrocarburizing installation for heat treating a load of 3000 automotive seat rails. Courtesy of Klockner Ionon GmbH
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Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 18
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 December 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v18.a0006355
EISBN: 978-1-62708-192-4
... Abstract The surface of irons and steels can be hardened by introducing nitrogen (nitriding), nitrogen and carbon (nitrocarburizing), or nitrogen and sulfur (sulfonitriding) into the surface. This article lists the principal reasons for nitriding and nitrocarburizing, and summarizes the typical...
Abstract
The surface of irons and steels can be hardened by introducing nitrogen (nitriding), nitrogen and carbon (nitrocarburizing), or nitrogen and sulfur (sulfonitriding) into the surface. This article lists the principal reasons for nitriding and nitrocarburizing, and summarizes the typical characteristics of nitriding processes along with a general comparison of carburizing processes in a table. It describes the two most common nitriding methods: gas nitriding and ion (plasma) nitriding. The article discusses the wear behavior of nitrided layers and the wear resistance of selected steels. Rolling-contact fatigue (RCF) occurs in rolling contacts such as bearings, rolls, and gears. The article provides a discussion on rolling-contact fatigue of nitrided steels for aerospace bearing components.
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4D
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 October 2014
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04d.a0005958
EISBN: 978-1-62708-168-9
... and nitrocarburizing processes and the equipment required for heat treating tool steels to improve hardness, wear resistance, and thermal fatigue. The various nitriding and nitrocarburizing processes covered are salt bath nitrocarburizing, gas nitriding and nitrocarburizing, and plasma nitriding and nitrocarburizing...
Abstract
This article provides a detailed discussion on the heating equipment used for austenitizing, quenching, and tempering tool steels. These include salt bath furnaces, controlled atmosphere furnaces, fluidized-bed furnaces, and vacuum furnaces. The article discusses the types of nitriding and nitrocarburizing processes and the equipment required for heat treating tool steels to improve hardness, wear resistance, and thermal fatigue. The various nitriding and nitrocarburizing processes covered are salt bath nitrocarburizing, gas nitriding and nitrocarburizing, and plasma nitriding and nitrocarburizing.
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4D
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 October 2014
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04d.a0005986
EISBN: 978-1-62708-168-9
... Abstract Nitriding is a general term for all processes based on the addition of nitrogen to the surface of steel. When carbon is added along with the nitrogen, the process is called nitrocarburizing. This article provides a detailed discussion on the functional and structural properties...
Abstract
Nitriding is a general term for all processes based on the addition of nitrogen to the surface of steel. When carbon is added along with the nitrogen, the process is called nitrocarburizing. This article provides a detailed discussion on the functional and structural properties of nitrided layers. It describes the structural changes on the surface of carbon steels, alloy steels, and austenitic stainless steels. The article explains the effects of the various nitriding processes, namely, gaseous nitriding, plasma nitriding, gaseous nitrocarburizing, and salt bath nitrocarburizing, on the structure and properties of nitrided layers.
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in Gas Nitriding and Gas Nitrocarburizing of Steels
> Steel Heat Treating Fundamentals and Processes
Published: 01 August 2013
Fig. 13 The corrosion resistance of a nitrocarburized part will dramatically increase if the compound layer is composed of ε-carbonitrides and the [N + C] content in the compound layer is at least 8.6 mass%. The graph shows how the pitting potential jumps by more than 200 mV when crossing
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in Residual Stresses and Distortion in Thermochemically Treated Steels
> Steel Heat Treating Technologies
Published: 30 September 2014
Fig. 31 Residual stresses in the compound layer after different nitriding/nitrocarburizing processes. NC, nitrocarburizing. Gas Nitrocarburizing: a: (50% NH 3 + 2% CO 2 + 48% N 2 ) 580 °C 60 min/oil, b: (50% NH 3 + 5% CO 2 + 45% N 2 ) 580 °C 60 min/oil, c: (50% NH 3 + 10% CO 2 + 40% N 2
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in Residual Stresses and Distortion in Thermochemically Treated Steels
> Steel Heat Treating Technologies
Published: 30 September 2014
Fig. 32 Residual stresses in the compound layer after different nitriding/nitrocarburizing processes plus plastic deformation by rolling. NC, nitrocarburizing. Gas Nitrocarburizing: a: (50% NH 3 + 2% CO 2 + 48% N 2 ) 580 °C 60 min/oil, b: (50% NH 3 + 5% CO 2 + 45% N 2 ) 580 °C 60 min/oil
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Published: 01 October 2014
Fig. 30 Effect of nitrocarburization on the notched fatigue strength of two low-carbon PM steels with a density of 7.0 g/cm 3 (0.253 lb/in. 3 )
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