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natural aging casting alloys
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Book Chapter
711.0 and 712.0 Natural Aging Casting Alloys
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02b.a0006587
EISBN: 978-1-62708-210-5
... Abstract This datasheet provides information on key alloy metallurgy, processing effects on physical and mechanical properties, and applications of natural aging casting alloys 711.0 and 712.0. The fatigue strength of smooth and notched permanent mold aluminum casting of C712.0-F is illustrated...
Abstract
This datasheet provides information on key alloy metallurgy, processing effects on physical and mechanical properties, and applications of natural aging casting alloys 711.0 and 712.0. The fatigue strength of smooth and notched permanent mold aluminum casting of C712.0-F is illustrated.
Image
Effect of natural aging on B195-T4 (4.5 Cu, 2.5 Si) casting alloy. (a) Sand...
Available to Purchase
in Heat Treatment Practices of Age-Hardenable Aluminum Alloys[1]
> Heat Treating of Nonferrous Alloys
Published: 01 June 2016
Fig. 39 Effect of natural aging on B195-T4 (4.5 Cu, 2.5 Si) casting alloy. (a) Sand cast. (b) Permanent mold
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Book: Casting
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 15
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v15.a0005230
EISBN: 978-1-62708-187-0
... microstructural changes that occur due to the heat treatment of cast alloys. artificial aging nonferrous castings heat treatment microstructural changes natural aging precipitation quenching solution heat treatment spheroidization cast alloys dissolution HEAT TREATMENT in the broadest sense...
Abstract
This article provides an overview of heat treatment processes, namely, solution heat treatment, quenching, natural aging, and artificial aging. It contains a table that lists the various heat treatment tempers commonly practiced for nonferrous castings. The article describes microstructural changes that occur due to the heat treatment of cast alloys.
Book Chapter
710.0 Sand-Casting Alloy
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02b.a0006586
EISBN: 978-1-62708-210-5
... Abstract Alloy 710.0 is a natural-aging aluminum alloy produced by sand casting and suitable for highly stressed castings. This datasheet provides information on key alloy metallurgy, processing effects on physical and mechanical properties, and fabrication characteristics of this 7xxx series...
Abstract
Alloy 710.0 is a natural-aging aluminum alloy produced by sand casting and suitable for highly stressed castings. This datasheet provides information on key alloy metallurgy, processing effects on physical and mechanical properties, and fabrication characteristics of this 7xxx series alloy.
Book Chapter
Alloy and Temper Designation Systems for Aluminum
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003122
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... after solution heat treatment. The designation is specific only when the period of natural aging is indicated (for example, W 1 2 h). See also the discussion of the T x 51, T x 52, and T x 54 tempers in the section “System for Heat-Treatable Alloys” in this article. T, Solution Heat...
Abstract
This article describes the systems for designating the aluminum and aluminum alloys that incorporate the product forms (wrought, casting or foundry ingots) and its respective temper for strain-hardened alloys, heat-treatable alloys and annealed alloys. All these systems are covered by American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standard H35.1. Furthermore, the article provides a short note on the designation of unregistered tempers.
Book Chapter
Heat Treatment Practices of Age-Hardenable Aluminum Alloys
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4E
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2016
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04e.a0006288
EISBN: 978-1-62708-169-6
... wt% Cu, they are the least corrosion-resistant alloys of the 7 xxx series. The Al-Zn-Mg alloys age naturally at room temperature. The Al-Zn-Mg (7 xx.x ) casting alloys achieve full strength by 20 to 30 days at room temperature after casting. The age-hardening process also can be accelerated...
Abstract
This article focuses on the aging characteristics of solution and precipitation heat treated aluminum alloy systems and their corresponding types. It includes information on aluminum-copper systems, aluminum-copper-magnesium systems, aluminum-magnesium-silicon systems, aluminum-zinc-magnesium systems, aluminum-zinc-magnesium-copper systems, and aluminum-lithium alloys.
Book Chapter
365.0 (Silafont ® -36) and A365.0 (Aural ® -2/-3) Low-Iron Premium Die-Casting Alloys
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02b.a0006573
EISBN: 978-1-62708-210-5
... (43) 220 (32) 11 4 310 (45) 250 (36) 8 6 305 (44) 240 (35) 7.5 8 280 (41) 230 (33) 9 Effect of magnesium content on tensile properties of alloy 365.0 in as-cast and natural aged condition (T4), die-casting process Table 3 Effect of magnesium content on tensile properties...
Abstract
Alloy 365.0 and A365.0 are developed near eutectic Al-Si die-casting alloys with additions of manganese to reduce die soldering. This datasheet provides information on key alloy metallurgy, processing effects on tensile properties, and fabrication characteristics of these 3xxx series alloys.
Book Chapter
Heat Treatment of Aluminum Alloy Castings
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4E
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2016
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04e.a0006264
EISBN: 978-1-62708-169-6
... considered here are: Al-Cu and Al-Cu-Mg (2xx) alloys, Al-Zn-Mg (7xx) alloys, Al-Si-Mg alloys, Al-Si-Cu, and Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloys. aluminum alloys artificial aging castings chemical composition heat treatment natural aging quenching solution heat treatment THE STRENGTH OF ALUMINUM CASTINGS can...
Abstract
This article presents a detailed discussion on typical thermal treatment practices for hardening of various aluminum casting alloys. These practices are solution treatment, quenching or cooling, preaging, and artificial aging at an elevated temperature. The aluminum casting alloys considered here are: Al-Cu and Al-Cu-Mg (2xx) alloys, Al-Zn-Mg (7xx) alloys, Al-Si-Mg alloys, Al-Si-Cu, and Al-Si-Cu-Mg alloys.
Book Chapter
Physical Metallurgy of Aluminum Alloys
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003124
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... exhibit little change from thermal treatments regardless of whether the solute is completely in solid solution, partially precipitated, or completed precipitated. In contrast, alloys of the binary Al-Cu system having 3% Cu or more exhibit natural aging (hardening with time at ambient temperatures...
Abstract
The physical and mechanical properties of aluminum alloy can be improved by strengthening mechanisms such as strain hardening used for non-heat treatable aluminum alloy and precipitation hardening used for heat treatable aluminum alloy. This article focuses on the effect of strengthening mechanisms on the physical and mechanical properties of non-heat treatable and heat treatable aluminum alloys. It describes the use of the aluminum alloy phase diagram in determining the melting temperature, solidification path, equilibrium phases, and explains the effect of alloying element in phase formation.
Book Chapter
Heat Treatment of Aluminum Alloy Castings
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 November 2018
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02a.a0006507
EISBN: 978-1-62708-207-5
... and highly recommended. Natural and Artificial Aging The aging of B206 alloy castings was also studied in detail ( Ref 9 ). The aging process determines the final mechanical properties as well as the corrosion resistance. During artificial aging (at temperatures higher than room temperature...
Abstract
The strength of aluminum castings can be improved significantly by heat treatments, which control the size, shape, and distribution of the impurity elements in the casting. This article presents a discussion on the heat treatment of aluminum alloy castings, with a focus on the fundamental technical aspects involved in each process step. The intent is to convey a good understanding of the fundamental aspects of heat treatment. Typical heat treatments of aluminum casting alloys are presented in a table. The article describes the solution heat treatment, quenching, and preaging of Al-Si-Mg alloys, as well as the solution heat treatment and artificial aging of Al-Si-Cu-Mg casting alloys.
Book Chapter
Aluminum Alloy Nomenclature and Temper Designations
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 November 2018
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02a.a0006482
EISBN: 978-1-62708-207-5
... to thermal treatment that includes solution heat treatment, quenching, and precipitation (age) hardening in either cast or wrought form. These alloys are commonly referred to as heat treatable. A large number of other wrought compositions (referred to as work-hardening alloys) rely only on work hardening...
Abstract
Commercial aluminum alloys are classified based on how they are made and what they contain. This article describes the ANSI H35.1 designation system, which is widely used to classify wrought and cast aluminum alloys. The ANSI standard uses a four-digit numbering system to identify alloying elements, compositional modifications, purity levels, and product types. It also uses a multicharacter code to convey process-related details on heat treating, hardening, cooling, cold working, and other stabilization treatments. The article includes several large tables that provide extensive information on aluminum alloy and temper designations and how they correspond to critical mechanical properties as well as other designation systems.
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 November 2018
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02a.a0006503
EISBN: 978-1-62708-207-5
... are artificially aged to produce a stable alloy. Fig. 14 Natural aging curves for three solution heat treated wrought aluminum alloys Natural aging of 2 xxx wrought alloys and 2 xx.x casting alloys produces stable T3 and T4 tempers that are characterized by high ratios of tensile to yield strength...
Abstract
This article provides a thorough review of the physical metallurgy of aluminum alloys and its role in determining the properties and from a design and manufacturing perspective. And its role in include the effects of composition, mechanical working, and/or heat treatment on structure and properties. This article focuses on the effects of alloying and the metallurgical factors on phase constituents, structure, and properties of aluminum alloys. Effects from different combinations of alloying elements are described in terms of relevant alloy phase diagrams. The article addresses the underlying alloying and structural aspects that affect the properties and possible processing routes of aluminum alloys. It provides information on the heat treatment effects on the physical properties of aluminum alloys and the microstructural effects on the fatigue and fracture of aluminum alloys. The important alloying elements and impurities are listed alphabetically as a concise review of major effects.
Book Chapter
Metallurgy of Heat Treatable Aluminum Alloys
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 November 2018
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02a.a0006509
EISBN: 978-1-62708-207-5
... Aluminum-zinc-magnesium-copper systems Aluminum-lithium alloys with age hardening from precipitation of δ′ (Al 3 Li) Cast and wrought aluminum alloys commonly are classified either as heat treatable (precipitation-hardenable) alloys or as non-heat-treatable alloys (strengthened by solid-solution...
Abstract
Heat treatment of aluminum alloys frequently refers to the heat treatable aluminum alloys that can be strengthened by solution treatment, quenching, and subsequent hardening. This article introduces the general metallurgy of strengthening aluminum alloys by heat treatment. It discusses various heat treatable alloying elements, such as copper, chromium, iron, magnesium, silicon, zinc, and lithium. The article describes the age-hardening treatments and generalized precipitation sequence for aluminum alloys. It reviews the solution heat treatment in terms of solution heating time and temperature, as well as high-temperature oxidation. The article also discusses quench sensitivity, vacancy loss, grain-boundary precipitates, and quench delay for the heat treatment of aluminum. It concludes with a discussion on the deformation of aluminum alloys prior to aging.
Book Chapter
713.0 High-Strength Sand and Permanent-Mold Casting Alloy
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02b.a0006588
EISBN: 978-1-62708-210-5
... Abstract Alloy 713.0 is an aluminum-based casting alloy that ages at room temperature to provide high-strength sand and permanent-mold castings. This datasheet provides information on key alloy metallurgy, processing effects on physical and mechanical properties, and fabrication characteristics...
Abstract
Alloy 713.0 is an aluminum-based casting alloy that ages at room temperature to provide high-strength sand and permanent-mold castings. This datasheet provides information on key alloy metallurgy, processing effects on physical and mechanical properties, and fabrication characteristics of this 7xxx series alloy.
Book Chapter
771.0 and 772.0 Sand and Permanent-Mold Casting Alloys
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02b.a0006589
EISBN: 978-1-62708-210-5
... typical mechanical properties of 12.83 mm (0.505 in.) diam test bars sand cast to size after stress relief and natural aging Table 4 Alloy 771.0 typical mechanical properties of 12.83 mm (0.505 in.) diam test bars sand cast to size after stress relief and natural aging Condition Tensile...
Abstract
Alloys 771.0 and 772.0 are high-strength, shock-resistant, aluminum sand-casting alloys that develop a high combination of physical and mechanical properties in the as-cast and room-temperature-aged conditions. This datasheet provides information on key alloy metallurgy, processing effects on physical and mechanical properties, and fabrication characteristics of these 7xxx series alloys.
Image
Effect of solution treatment time on tensile properties of alloy 204.0. An ...
Available to Purchase
in Properties of Cast Aluminum Alloys
> Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys and Special-Purpose Materials
Published: 01 January 1990
Fig. 2 Effect of solution treatment time on tensile properties of alloy 204.0. An AFNOR testpiece was cast in a permanent mold (solidification time 15 to 20 s). An Aluminum Pechiney testpiece was cast in sand (solidification time 2 min). Solution treatment at 530 °C (985 °F) followed by cold
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Book Chapter
Metallurgy of Heat Treatable Aluminum Alloys
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4E
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2016
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04e.a0006287
EISBN: 978-1-62708-169-6
... dimensional change heat treatable aluminum alloys heat treatment high-temperature oxidation mechanical deformation natural aging nucleation precipitation hardening quenching residual stress strengthening wrought aluminum alloys HEAT TREATING refers to heating and cooling operations...
Abstract
This article describes the general categories and metallurgy of heat treatable aluminum alloys. It briefly reviews the key impurities and each of the principal alloying elements in aluminum alloys, namely, copper, magnesium, manganese, silicon, zinc, iron, lithium, titanium, boron, zirconium, chromium, vanadium, scandium, nickel, tin, and bismuth. The article discusses the secondary phases in aluminum alloys, namely, nonmetallic inclusions, porosity, primary particles, constituent particles, dispersoids, precipitates, grain and dislocation structure, and crystallographic texture. It also discusses the mechanisms used for strengthening aluminum alloys, including solid-solution hardening, grain-size strengthening, work or strain hardening, and precipitation hardening. The process of precipitation hardening involves solution heat treatment, quenching, and subsequent aging of the as-quenched supersaturated solid solution. The article briefly discusses these processes of precipitation hardening. It also reviews precipitation in various alloy systems, including 2xxx, 6xxx, 7xxx, aluminum-lithium, and Al-Mg-Li systems.
Book Chapter
520.0 Al-Mg Sand-Casting Alloy
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 June 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02b.a0006584
EISBN: 978-1-62708-210-5
... Abstract This datasheet provides information on key alloy metallurgy, processing effects on physical and mechanical properties, and applications of Mg sand-casting alloy 520.0. Room-temperature aging characteristics for aluminum alloy 520.0-T4 are illustrated. aging characteristics...
Abstract
This datasheet provides information on key alloy metallurgy, processing effects on physical and mechanical properties, and applications of Mg sand-casting alloy 520.0. Room-temperature aging characteristics for aluminum alloy 520.0-T4 are illustrated.
Book Chapter
Aluminum Alloy Nomenclature and Temper Designations
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4E
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2016
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04e.a0006251
EISBN: 978-1-62708-169-6
..., which have no temper classification) differentiates the alloy based on the primary mechanism of property development. Many alloys respond to thermal treatment that includes solution heat treatment, quenching, and precipitation (age) hardening in either cast or wrought form. These alloys are commonly...
Abstract
The most widely accepted alloy and temper designation system for aluminum and its alloys is maintained by the Aluminum Association and recognized by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) as the American National Standard Alloy and Temper Designation Systems for Aluminum (ANSI H35.1). This article provides a detailed discussion on the alloy and temper designation system for aluminum and its alloys. The Aluminum Association alloy designations are grouped as wrought and cast alloys. Lengthy tables provide information on alloying elements in wrought aluminum and aluminum alloys; nominal composition of aluminum alloy castings; typical mechanical properties of wrought and cast aluminum alloys in various temper conditions; and cross references to former and current cast aluminum alloy designations.
Book: Casting
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 15
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v15.a0005331
EISBN: 978-1-62708-187-0
... Abstract This article begins with a discussion on the effects of alloying and impurity elements on the properties of aluminum cast alloys and their chemical compositions. It describes the various means of structural control, namely, chemistry control, control of element ratios based...
Abstract
This article begins with a discussion on the effects of alloying and impurity elements on the properties of aluminum cast alloys and their chemical compositions. It describes the various means of structural control, namely, chemistry control, control of element ratios based on the stoichiometry of intermetallic phases, and control of solidification conditions. The article discusses the modification and grain refinement of aluminum-silicon alloys by the use of modifiers and refiners to influence eutectic and hypereutectic structures in aluminum-silicon alloys. It provides information on foundry alloys for specific casting applications. The article concludes with a discussion on the heat treatment practices and properties of aluminum casting alloys.
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