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Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 9
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2004
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v09.a0003759
EISBN: 978-1-62708-177-1
... on the quantitative metallographic methods for estimation of volume fraction, total surface area per unit volume, and total length of per unit volume. derived microstructural properties microstructural features microstructural geometry microstructural spatial clustering number density particle orientation...
Book Chapter

By Ashley D. Spear
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 24A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 June 2023
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v24A.a0006988
EISBN: 978-1-62708-439-0
... among phenomenological constitutive models applied to AM. A second approach is to resolve the grain or subgrain features explicitly within the geometry of the model and to invoke a constitutive model that represents their deformation mechanisms. The microstructure in such models can be instantiated...
Book Chapter

By Arun M. Gokhale
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003536
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... Abstract The quantitative characterization of fracture surface geometry, that is, quantitative fractography, can provide useful information regarding the microstructural features and failure mechanisms that govern material fracture. This article is devoted to the fractographic techniques...
Book Chapter

By A.T. Santhanam, P. Tierney, J.L. Hunt
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1990
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02.a0001104
EISBN: 978-1-62708-162-7
... the manufacture and composition of cemented carbides and their microstructure, classifications, physical and mechanical properties, and applications. New tool geometries, tailored substrates, and the application of thin, hard coatings to cemented carbides by chemical vapor deposition and physical vapor deposition...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 9
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2004
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v09.a0003780
EISBN: 978-1-62708-177-1
... and mechanical working processes. depleted uranium etching grain structure inclusions macroexamination mechanical working metal flow geometry metallography microexamination microstructure physical metallurgy segregation pattern solidification thin foils transmission electron microscopy...
Book Chapter

By D.U. Furrer, S.L. Semiatin
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 14A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2005
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v14a.a0003999
EISBN: 978-1-62708-185-6
... Abstract Forging of nickel-base alloys results in geometries that reduce the amount of machining to obtain final component shapes and involves deformation processing to refine the grain structure of components or mill products. This article discusses the heating practice, die materials...
Book Chapter

By S.L. Semiatin
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 14A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2005
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v14a.a0009005
EISBN: 978-1-62708-185-6
... Abstract Workability in forging depends on a variety of material, process-variable, and die-design features. A number of test techniques have been developed for gaging forgeability depending on alloy type, microstructure, die geometry, and process variables. This article summarizes some common...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 6A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 October 2011
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v06a.a0005587
EISBN: 978-1-62708-174-0
... Abstract This article is a comprehensive collection of formulas and numerical solutions, addressing many heat-transfer scenarios encountered in welds. It provides detailed explanations and dimensioned drawings in order to discuss the geometry of weld models, transfer of energy and heat in welds...
Book Chapter

By Tim Webber, Thomas Lieb, J. Mazumder
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 6A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 October 2011
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v06a.a0005641
EISBN: 978-1-62708-174-0
... incident laser beam power injury hazards laser beam spatial distribution laser beam welding laser-welded joints mechanical properties microstructure process selection shielding gas traverse speed weld design weld pool geometry LASER BEAM WELDING (LBW) uses a moving high-density coherent...
Book Chapter

By A.T. Santhanam, P. Tierney
Book: Machining
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 16
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1989
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v16.a0002124
EISBN: 978-1-62708-188-7
... Abstract This article discusses the manufacturing steps and compositions of cemented carbides, as well as their microstructure, classifications, applications, and physical and mechanical properties. It provides information on new tool geometries, tailored substrates, and the application of thin...
Book Chapter

By Jonathan A. Dantzig
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 22A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2009
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v22a.a0005437
EISBN: 978-1-62708-196-2
... the chemical experiment, the process reaches a quasi-steady and the ratio at/R2 is called the Fourier number. diffusivities, the solidi cation rate is controlled state where the microstructure is constant in It can be seen that the geometry of the problem, by heat ow, and chemical diffusion tries to time...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 6
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v06.a0001480
EISBN: 978-1-62708-173-3
... Abstract This article focuses on the various assumptions involved in the numerical modeling of welds, including the geometry of the welded structure and the weld joint, thermal stress, strain, residual stress, and the microstructure in the heat-affected and fusion zones. distortion...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 19
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1996
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v19.a0002359
EISBN: 978-1-62708-193-1
... FRACTURES in engineering applications ( Ref 1 ) occur mostly from surface or internal three-dimensional cracks, which generally propagate in all directions and often have irregular shapes. Such shapes may not strictly have an elliptical or circular geometry, although such an approximation is often practiced...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 24A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 June 2023
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v24A.a0006977
EISBN: 978-1-62708-439-0
... determined to be the controlling factors. Similar to the influence on porosity, nesting of even prismatic geometries and melt order of these geometries within the AM build chamber were reported to impact the resultant microstructure in the instance of coarsening of Ti-6Al-4V laths ( Ref 7...
Image
Published: 30 June 2023
Fig. 6 Simulated microstructure of first and last generation of genetic algorithm (GA), line search (LS), and hybrid GA and LS algorithm using two microstructures to manufacture so-called oak leaf geometry (Oak Ridge National Laboratory logo) used as the pattern for microstructure control More
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 17
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2018
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v17.a0006476
EISBN: 978-1-62708-190-0
... precision-made geometries. Production of gears involves processes including heat treatment, rough machining, grinding, shot peening, and many others. Physical defects, such as cracks, are often candidates for nondestructive techniques that include magnetic-particle inspection, eddy current ( Ref 1...
Image
Published: 30 June 2023
Fig. 5 The mean absolute error for each generation of the genetic algorithm simulation to produce the two microstructures using electron beam melting of the so-called oak leaf geometry (Oak Ridge National Laboratory logo) used as the pattern for microstructure control in the genetic algorithm More
Image
Published: 01 December 2009
Fig. 11 Static coarsening of a colony-alpha microstructure in Ti-6Al-4V. (a) SEM backscattered micrograph illustrating lamellar branching observed at 955 °C. (b) Idealized geometry used to describe the microstructure. See Eq 16 . Source: Ref 49 . (c) SEM backscattered micrographs of samples More
Image
Published: 30 June 2023
Fig. 7 Synthetic microstructure representing (a) aluminum 7075-T6 investigated with (b) an overlayed surface roughness profile and (c) ideal notch geometries. Source: Ref 21 More
Image
Published: 30 September 2014
Fig. 31 (a) Half geometry of the axial section of the generator shaft and comparison of the evolution of (b) microstructure and (c) axial stress on the surface (point A) for standard and alternated spray quenching strategies. Source: Ref 69 More