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Book Chapter

By Raymond E. Bohlmann
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 6
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v06.a0001468
EISBN: 978-1-62708-173-3
... Abstract This article discusses the material combinations, design details, and fabrication processes considered in the adhesive bonding or melt-fuse interface (amorphous bond) bonding method of joining resin-matrix composites to metals. adhesive bonding bolted joints bonded joints...
Book Chapter

By Robert A. Rapp
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2003
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13a.a0003593
EISBN: 978-1-62708-182-5
..., the relevant salt depth and the gaseous atmosphere must be respected. The chemistry and corrosion have been studied for many fused salt systems: chlorides, fluorides, carbonates, sulfates, hydroxides, oxides, and nitrate/nitrite. In analog to aqueous solutions, each of these melts is a dominant ionic...
Book Chapter

By Russell D. Kane
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2003
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13a.a0003609
EISBN: 978-1-62708-182-5
... for the different metal-fused salt systems are also provided. The metal-fused salt systems include molten fluorides, chloride salts, molten nitrates, molten sulfates, hydroxide melts, and carbonate melts. The article concludes with information on prevention of molten salt corrosion. corrosion molten salts...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 24
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 June 2020
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v24.a0006546
EISBN: 978-1-62708-290-7
... radius, a is the initial particle radius (assuming a 1 = a 2 from Fig. 8 ), Γ is the surface energy, μ is the viscosity, and t is the sintering or fusing time. Fig. 8 Progression of coalescence of polymer particles as they melt and become liquid, which is described by the Frenkel...
Book Chapter

By David K. Leigh, David Bourell
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 24
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 June 2020
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v24.a0006543
EISBN: 978-1-62708-290-7
... Abstract Powder bed fusion (PBF) of polymers is a collection of additive manufacturing processes that melt and fuse polymer in a powder bed. This article provides a complete suite of materials and processes involved in PBF of polymers. The discussion includes details of thermal...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 21
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v21.a0003425
EISBN: 978-1-62708-195-5
... options Product form Description Postimpregnated (a) Film stacked Alternating sheets of fiber and resin film stacked and melt fused together Co-woven Narrow slit film woven with fibers Co-mingled Fine resin filaments interwoven with fibers Powder coated Resin powder attached...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 6A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 October 2011
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v06a.a0005628
EISBN: 978-1-62708-174-0
... of a peeled weld button. (b) Cross section of the same weld When the contact resistance at the electrode-sheet interface is high, excessive heating at the interface may melt the metal, which may be ejected under the electrode pressure. One example is shown in Fig. 4 ( Ref 1 ). Similar to other...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2005
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13b.a0003841
EISBN: 978-1-62708-183-2
.... Beneficiation is done to remove impurities, increasing potential applications of the material. Many minerals are fused or sintered to produce refractory raw materials of controlled grain size or purity, causing a balance between material cost and performance. The refractory material of today (2005) may...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003551
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... are susceptible to attack at low and intermediate temperatures. The normally protective SiO 2 layer that forms on SiC and Si 3 N 4 may explain why such ceramics have a poor corrosion resistance in basic salts. Corrosion resistance of structural ceramics to fused salts, alkalis, and low-melting oxides Table...
Book Chapter

By Ann Severin
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 6
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v06.a0001451
EISBN: 978-1-62708-173-3
... between room temperature and 1205–1580 °C (2200–2875 °F). Source: Ref 2 Figure 1 shows a cross section of the interface of a joint made by the silver brazing of cast iron to carbon steel. The cast iron had been cleaned by the fused-salt method described in the section “Cleaning and Fixturing...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 January 2025
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13b.a0007042
EISBN: 978-1-62708-183-2
... poor corrosion resistance in basic salts. Corrosion resistance of structural ceramics to fused salts, alkalis, and low-melting oxides Table 2 Corrosion resistance of structural ceramics to fused salts, alkalis, and low-melting oxides Ceramics at purity (>99.5%) Resistance to indicated...
Book Chapter

By Janet Devine
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 6
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v06.a0001384
EISBN: 978-1-62708-173-3
... is completed without having fully melted metal at the interface when the correct combination of force, power, and time parameters are used. Interface temperature rise is greater for metals with low thermal conductivity (for example, steel) than it is for metals of high conductivity (for example, aluminum...
Book Chapter

By Peyton Hopson
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 23A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 12 September 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v23A.a0006900
EISBN: 978-1-62708-392-8
... Limitations Fused deposition modeling Abrasion resistance consistent with neat material Amorphous and semicrystalline materials can be processed. Minimal chemical or thermal postprocessing Filaments must be produced before printing. Temperature process based on melting General low...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 1995
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.emde.a0003051
EISBN: 978-1-62708-200-6
... bonding of the constituents; thus, it determines the strength of the unit. A product with a high amount of fused material is called vitreous , while products with lesser amounts are termed semivitreous. The boundary between vitreous and semivitreous is indefinite and changes with product type...
Book Chapter

By Thomas W. Eagar
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 6
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v06.a0001332
EISBN: 978-1-62708-173-3
..., intimate interfacial contact is achieved by interposing a liquid of substantially similar composition as the base metal. If the surface contamination is soluble, then it is dissolved in the liquid. If it is insoluble, then it will float away from the liquid-solid interface. Energy-Source Intensity...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 18
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 December 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v18.a0006364
EISBN: 978-1-62708-192-4
... with respect to material fracture toughness and hardness. MMC, metal-matrix composite; FTC, fused tungsten carbide. Source: Ref 12 Figure 1 shows that microploughing (e.g., in pure metals) and microcutting (e.g., steels, hard alloys) occur if soft or medium-hard materials with a sufficient fracture...
Book Chapter

By J.O. Milewski, T. Palmer
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 6A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 October 2011
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v06a.a0005632
EISBN: 978-1-62708-174-0
... of these two methods has distinct advantages depending on the application. Powder Bed Methods Powder bed methods raster or direct the laser beam across a bed of powder material to selectively melt and fuse the material by turning the laser beam on and off. The powder bed is indexed downward, and a new...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 23A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 12 September 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v23A.a0006862
EISBN: 978-1-62708-392-8
...-by-layer material deposition through an extrusion printhead ( Ref 88 ). The material-extrusion-based AM processes can be classified into two broad groups, which involve material melting and deposition at high temperatures: Fused deposition modeling/fused filament fabrication ( Ref 89 , 90...
Book Chapter

By Robert C. Tucker, Jr.
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 5
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1994
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v05.a0001282
EISBN: 978-1-62708-170-2
... THERMAL SPRAY is a generic term for a group of processes in which metallic, ceramic, cermet, and some polymeric materials in the form of powder, wire, or rod are fed to a torch or gun with which they are heated to near or somewhat above their melting point. The resulting molten or nearly molten droplets...
Book Chapter

By Leon Pope, Darpan Shidid, Kate Fox
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 23A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 12 September 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v23A.a0006859
EISBN: 978-1-62708-392-8
...-bed fusion (PBF) is a group of additive manufacturing (AM) processes that includes selective laser sintering, selective laser melting, and electron beam melting. The PBF systems work by depositing layers of powder materials onto a print bed, which are then successively fused layer by layer to form...