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Book Chapter
Malleable Iron Castings
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 1A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 August 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v01a.a0006333
EISBN: 978-1-62708-179-5
... Abstract Malleable iron, like ductile iron, possesses considerable ductility and toughness because of its combination of nodular graphite and low-carbon metallic matrix. This article discusses melting practices such as batch cold melting and duplexing, and their control mechanisms...
Abstract
Malleable iron, like ductile iron, possesses considerable ductility and toughness because of its combination of nodular graphite and low-carbon metallic matrix. This article discusses melting practices such as batch cold melting and duplexing, and their control mechanisms. It schematically illustrates the microstructure of annealed ferritic malleable iron, which is characterized by microstructures consisting of uniformly dispersed fine particles of free carbon in a matrix of ferrite or tempered martensite. The article describes the digital solidification analysis technology, simulation technologies, and smart engineering for the production of malleable iron. It provides information on the applications of ferritic and pearlitic malleable irons.
Book: Casting
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 15
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v15.a0005326
EISBN: 978-1-62708-187-0
... Abstract Malleable iron is a cast ferrous metal that is initially produced as white cast iron and is then heat treated to convert the carbon-containing phase from iron carbide to a nodular form of graphite called temper carbon. This article provides a discussion on the melting practices, heat...
Abstract
Malleable iron is a cast ferrous metal that is initially produced as white cast iron and is then heat treated to convert the carbon-containing phase from iron carbide to a nodular form of graphite called temper carbon. This article provides a discussion on the melting practices, heat treatment, microstructure, production technologies, mechanical properties, and applications of ferritic, pearlitic, and martensitic malleable irons.
Book Chapter
Malleable Iron
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003110
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... Abstract Malleable iron is a type of cast iron that has most of its carbon in the form of irregularly shaped graphite nodules. This article tabulates the typical composition of malleable iron and specifications, and applications of malleable iron castings. It discusses the metallurgical control...
Abstract
Malleable iron is a type of cast iron that has most of its carbon in the form of irregularly shaped graphite nodules. This article tabulates the typical composition of malleable iron and specifications, and applications of malleable iron castings. It discusses the metallurgical control of malleable irons with emphasis on its composition and heat treatment. The article provides information on the specifications and mechanical properties of different types of malleable irons, such as ferritic, pearlitic, and martensitic malleable irons.
Book Chapter
Malleable Iron
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 1
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1990
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v01.a0001005
EISBN: 978-1-62708-161-0
... Abstract Malleable iron possesses considerable ductility and toughness because of its combination of nodular graphite and a low-carbon metallic matrix. The desired formation of temper carbon in malleable irons has two basic requirements. First, graphite should not form during the solidification...
Abstract
Malleable iron possesses considerable ductility and toughness because of its combination of nodular graphite and a low-carbon metallic matrix. The desired formation of temper carbon in malleable irons has two basic requirements. First, graphite should not form during the solidification of the white cast iron, and second, graphite must also be readily formed during the annealing heat treatment. These two metallurgical requirements influence the useful compositions of malleable irons and the melting, solidification, and annealing procedures. There are two basic types of malleable iron: blackheart and whiteheart. This article considers only the blackheart type and describes the metallurgical factors of malleable iron. It discusses the mechanical properties of pearlitic and martensitic malleable irons. The article provides additional information on the properties and heat treatment of ferritic, pearlitic, and martensitic malleable irons. The article lists some of the typical applications of malleable iron castings.
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 1A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 August 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v01a.a0006309
EISBN: 978-1-62708-179-5
... Abstract Malleable iron is a type of cast iron that has most of its carbon in the form of irregularly shaped graphite nodules instead of flakes, as in gray iron, or small graphite spherulites, as in ductile iron. This article discusses the production of malleable iron based on the metallurgical...
Abstract
Malleable iron is a type of cast iron that has most of its carbon in the form of irregularly shaped graphite nodules instead of flakes, as in gray iron, or small graphite spherulites, as in ductile iron. This article discusses the production of malleable iron based on the metallurgical criteria: to produce solidified white iron throughout the section thickness; and to produce the desired graphite distribution (nodule count) upon annealing. It describes the induction heating and quenching or flame heating and quenching for surface hardening of fully pearlitic malleable iron. Laser and electron beam techniques also have been used for hardening selected areas on the surface of pearlitic and ferritic malleable iron castings that are free from decarburization.
Book Chapter
Mechanical Properties of Malleable Irons
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 1A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 August 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v01a.a0006347
EISBN: 978-1-62708-179-5
... Abstract Malleable iron, like ductile iron, possesses considerable ductility and toughness because of its combination of nodular graphite and low-carbon metallic matrix. There are two basic types of malleable iron: blackheart and whiteheart. This article focuses on the blackheart malleable iron...
Abstract
Malleable iron, like ductile iron, possesses considerable ductility and toughness because of its combination of nodular graphite and low-carbon metallic matrix. There are two basic types of malleable iron: blackheart and whiteheart. This article focuses on the blackheart malleable iron and discusses the chemical composition of malleable iron. A summary of mechanical properties and specifications of malleable iron castings is presented in a table. The article also reviews the mechanical properties of ferritic malleable iron and pearlitic and martensitic-pearlitic malleable irons.
Image
Small parts of malleable iron. (a) Nut made of pearlitic malleable iron, gr...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 December 2008
Fig. 8 Small parts of malleable iron. (a) Nut made of pearlitic malleable iron, grade EN-GJMB-650-2, 600 g. The insert shows the core used for the as-cast internal screw thread. (b) Balancing weight made of ferritic malleable iron, grade EN-GJMB-350-10, 1500 g. The large picture shows
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Image
Small parts of malleable iron. (a) Nut made of pearlitic malleable iron, gr...
Available to PurchasePublished: 31 August 2017
Fig. 8 Small parts of malleable iron. (a) Nut made of pearlitic malleable iron, grade EN-GJMB-650-2, 600 g. The insert shows the core used for the as-cast internal screw thread. (b) Balancing weight made of ferritic malleable iron, grade EN-GJMB-350-10, 1500 g. The large picture shows
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Book Chapter
Malleable Irons/White Irons: Atlas of Fractographs
Available to PurchaseBook: Fractography
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 12
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1987
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v12.a0000604
EISBN: 978-1-62708-181-8
... Abstract This article is an atlas of fractographs that helps in understanding the causes and mechanisms of fracture of pearlitic malleable and ferritic malleable white irons, and in identifying and interpreting the morphology of fracture surfaces. The fractographs illustrate the fracture...
Abstract
This article is an atlas of fractographs that helps in understanding the causes and mechanisms of fracture of pearlitic malleable and ferritic malleable white irons, and in identifying and interpreting the morphology of fracture surfaces. The fractographs illustrate the fracture sequence, localized plastic deformation, and microcrack initiation and propagation of these irons.
Image
Malleable iron. (a) Sand-cast and annealed blackheart iron. Structure is a ...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 December 2008
Fig. 4 Malleable iron. (a) Sand-cast and annealed blackheart iron. Structure is a mixture of ferrite, pearlite, and irregular graphite. Ferrite content increases at the center of the casting, while pearlite occurs mainly on the edge. (b) Sand-cast and annealed whiteheart iron. This surface
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Image
Forms of graphite in three types of cast iron, (a) malleable iron, (b) gray...
Available to PurchasePublished: 31 August 2017
Fig. 1 Forms of graphite in three types of cast iron, (a) malleable iron, (b) gray iron and (c) ductile (spheroidal graphite) iron, made from the same basic cast
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Image
Crack initiation and propagation in a ferritic malleable iron. Same materia...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 1987
Fig. 102 Crack initiation and propagation in a ferritic malleable iron. Same material and test conditions as in Fig. 98 , 99 , 100 , and 101 , but at low magnification. Note that preferential sites for crack initiation and propagation are in interdendritic regions defined by the observed
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Image
Fracture surface of ferritic malleable iron after impact loading at −196 °C...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 1987
Fig. 103 Fracture surface of ferritic malleable iron after impact loading at −196 °C (−320 °F). Same material as in Fig. 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 , and 102 . Regions of dimpled rupture can still be observed even at this low temperature. Primary fracture mode is brittle quasi-cleavage. SEM, 830
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Image
Malleable iron elbow in which impingement corrosion caused leakage and fail...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2002
Fig. 50 Malleable iron elbow in which impingement corrosion caused leakage and failure at the bend. (a) Section through the elbow showing extent of corrosion and point of leakage. Regions A and B are locations of specimens shown in micrographs (b) and (c), respectively. (b) Micrograph
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Image
Failed malleable iron rocker lever. (a) Illustration showing failure locati...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2002
Fig. 45 Failed malleable iron rocker lever. (a) Illustration showing failure location (arrow). (b) Typical appearance of fracture face with dark overload fracture at top, light-gray fatigue fracture, and black casting defect (arrow). 1.5×
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Image
A malleable iron sand cast wheel (a) that could be produced with two risers...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 December 2008
Fig. 3 A malleable iron sand cast wheel (a) that could be produced with two risers (b) at a yield of 30% of the metal poured, or with one riser and padding (c) at a yield of 45% All dimensions in inches.
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Image
A revision in design of this sand cast malleable iron gear housing reduced ...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 December 2008
Fig. 16 A revision in design of this sand cast malleable iron gear housing reduced the mass of metal at each of the four mounting lugs. This decreased the riser requirement from six to three and substantially reduced cost
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Image
A sand cast malleable iron hub that required redesign and also rerigging to...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 December 2008
Fig. 4 A sand cast malleable iron hub that required redesign and also rerigging to minimize residual stresses and permit successful application of the part. The problem was at the rib junctions.
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Image
Structure of annealed ferritic malleable iron showing temper carbon in ferr...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 December 2008
Fig. 1 Structure of annealed ferritic malleable iron showing temper carbon in ferrite. Original magnification: 200×
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Image
Structure of air-cooled pearlitic malleable iron. Cooled in an air blast. O...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 December 2008
Fig. 3 Structure of air-cooled pearlitic malleable iron. Cooled in an air blast. Original magnification: 200×
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