Fig. 5 Macrostructure of as-cast aluminum ingot. Transverse section shows outer chill zone and columnar grains that have grown perpendicularly to the mold faces. Etched using Tucker's reagent. 1.5× More

Fig. 6 Macrostructure of a continuous-cast copper ingot. (a) Spider cracks revealed using dye-penetrant inspection. Transverse section at top; longitudinal section at bottom. (b) Same ingot, etched using Waterbury's reagent. Cracks are not revealed. Both approximately 0.5× More

Fig. 23 Macrostructure of the bar cross section (a) on the face of a forged disk and (b) sampling. Source: Ref 27 More

Fig. 11 Roll formed VT25 titanium alloy disk. (a) Macrostructure of the longitudinal section. (b) Microstructures at the mid-plane of the longitudinal section. The radial direction is horizontal in the figures More

Fig. 3 Macrostructure showing columnar structure in a 5 mm (0.2 in.) thin-wall casting. Source: Ref 9 More

Fig. 25 Macrostructure of a 9.5 mm (0.375 in.) diameter aluminum alloy 5356 stud welded to a 6.4 mm (0.250 in.) alloy 5053 plate More

Fig. 1 Carbon steel rail thermite weld. (a) Macrostructure. (b) Weld material. 65×. (c) Fusion line area. 65×. (d) Heat-affected zone. 65×. (e) Unaffected rail area. 65× More

Fig. 10 Macrostructure of Timetal-21S (β titanium alloy) joint of a fin-plate heat exchanger brazed in vacuum at 830 °C (1530 °F) using amorphous foil TiBraze800 (Zr-14.7Ti-12.6Ni-1Hf wt%). Original magnification: 12.5× More

Fig. 44 Macrostructure of titanium-chromium brazed joint. Original magnification: 38×. Photograph courtesy of George Fischer and Michael Markovich, IVAC Technologies Corp. More

Fig. 1 Macrostructure of three turbine blades: polycrystalline (left), columnar grain directionally solidified (center), and single-crystal directionally solidified (right) More

Fig. 12 Macrostructure of pure aluminum sheet showing the grain size after reduction in thickness for the amounts shown, then annealed. Abnormal grain growth is most prominent between 3 and 10% reduction. Above 50% reduction, the structure has undergone primary recrystallization to establish More

Fig. 4 Macrostructure of 30 mm (1.2 in.) diameter bars showing columnar grains (primary austenite dendrites). Source: Ref 9 More

Fig. 1 Macrostructure of cast iron bars showing primary austenite dendrites. Etched with direct austempering after solidification + 5% picral. CE, carbon equivalent. (a) Hypoeutectic lamellar graphite (LG) iron (3.94 CE), 20 mm (0.8 in.) diam bar. (b) Eutectic LG iron (4.27 CE), 20 mm diam bar More

Fig. 2 Macrostructure of interrupted solidification (samples were quenched in water) of rods showing spherical eutectic grain growth at two consecutive times during solidification. Reprinted with permission from Castings Technology International. Source: Ref 5 More

Fig. 2 Macrostructure showing columnar structure in a 5 mm (0.2 in.) thin-wall gray cast iron (TWGCI) casting. Source: Ref 5 More

Fig. 12 Macrostructure of casting cross section showing distribution of eutectic cell size. R , casting radius; R II , computed range of secondary nucleation occurrence. Etched with Stead reagent. Source: Ref 41 . Copyright 1993 by The Minerals, Metals and Materials Society. Reprinted More

Fig. 5 Macrostructure of a continuous-cast copper ingot. (a) Spider cracks revealed using dye-penetrant inspection. Transverse section at top; longitudinal section at bottom. (b) Same ingot, etched using Waterbury's reagent. Cracks are not revealed. Both approximately 0.5×. Source: Ref 8 More

Fig. 10 Macrostructure of as-cast aluminum ingot. Transverse section shows outer chill zone and columnar grains that have grown perpendicularly to the mold faces. Etched using Tucker's reagent. 1.5×. Source: Ref 8 More

Fig. 2 Macrostructure of a cast Ti-6Al-4V alloy specimen. Etchant: Keller's reagent More

Fig. 27 Computer processed image of the macrostructure of a Ti-6Al-4V ingot. (a) Longitudinal section with coarse equiaxed grains in the center (light), columnar grains (gray), and fine equiaxed grains on the surface. (b) Cross section with reverse coloration More