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Book Chapter

By S. Shanmugham, P.K. Liaw
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 19
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1996
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v19.a0002363
EISBN: 978-1-62708-193-1
... electrode imaging methods. The article discusses the magnetic techniques that are primarily used as inspection techniques for detecting fatigue cracks in structural components. It details the principles and operation procedures of the liquid penetrant methods, positron annihilation techniques, acoustic...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003231
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... Abstract Liquid-penetrant inspection is a nondestructive method used to find discontinuities that are open to the surface of solid, essentially nonporous materials. This article describes the physical principles and the process of liquid-penetrant inspection. It also describes the basic...
Book Chapter

By David Eisenmann
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 17
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2018
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v17.a0006440
EISBN: 978-1-62708-190-0
... Abstract Liquid penetrant inspection is a nondestructive method of revealing discontinuities that are open to the surfaces of solid and essentially nonporous materials. This article provides information on physical principles, evolution, description, and processing parameters of liquid...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 January 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0006764
EISBN: 978-1-62708-295-2
... of detecting surface discontinuities by magnetic-particle inspection, liquid penetrant inspection, and eddy-current testing. The major NDE methods for internal (volumetric) inspection in failure analysis also are described. eddy-current testing liquid penetrant inspection magnetic-particle inspection...
Book Chapter

By John A. Griffin
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 1A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 August 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v01a.a0006336
EISBN: 978-1-62708-179-5
..., or number of these anomalies exceeds the maximum allowed by the purchaser. The nondestructive methods include visual inspection, dimensional inspection, liquid penetrant inspection, magnetic-particle inspection, eddy-current inspection, radiographic inspection, ultrasonic inspection, resonant testing...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003229
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... Abstract Leak testing is used to determine the rate at which a liquid or gas penetrates from inside a component or assembly to the outside, or vice versa. This article discusses the type of leaks, namely real leaks, and virtual leaks. It describes the leak testing of fluid systems at pressure...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 17
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2018
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v17.a0006467
EISBN: 978-1-62708-190-0
... of flaws encountered in the inspection of steel bars, including porosity, inclusions, scabs, cracks, seams, and laps. Inspection methods, such as magnetic-particle inspection. liquid penetrant inspection, ultrasonic inspection, and electromagnetic inspection, of steel bars are also described. The article...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 17
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2018
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v17.a0006479
EISBN: 978-1-62708-190-0
... for Magnetic Particle Testing” ASTM E165 “Standard Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination for General Industry” ASTM E1417 “Standard Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing” ASTM E1208 “Standard Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing Using the Lipophilic Post-Emulsifiable Process” ASTM E1209...
Book Chapter

By Rathindra DasGupta
Book: Casting
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 15
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v15.a0005341
EISBN: 978-1-62708-187-0
... (sharp corners or radii) and/or made with alloys that are prone to hot tearing are often subjected to liquid penetrant inspection. Radiographic Inspection The term radiography refers to a method that produces a two-dimensional permanent image on film or paper that has been exposed to unabsorbed...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003228
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... in this Section. Of the many different NDT techniques used in industry, liquid penetrant and magnetic particle testing account for about one-half of all NDT, ultrasonics and x-ray methods about another third, eddy current testing about 10%, and all other methods for only about 2% ( Ref 1 ). It should be noted...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 1A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 August 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v01a.a0006313
EISBN: 978-1-62708-179-5
... in the mold cavity, on the other hand. Fig. 1 Interactions between the molten iron and the molding aggregate. (a) Physical interaction. (b) Chemical interaction Physical Interaction Because liquid iron does not wet silica, iron cannot penetrate into the voids between the sand grains unless...
Image
Published: 01 August 2018
Fig. 8 Operations (in addition to precleaning) for the postemulsifiable, method B, lipophilic liquid penetrant system More
Image
Published: 01 August 2018
Fig. 9 Operations (in addition to precleaning) for the postemulsifiable, method D, hydrophilic liquid penetrant system More
Image
Published: 01 August 2018
Fig. 18 Processing flow diagram for the postemulsifiable, method B, lipophilic liquid penetrant system More
Image
Published: 01 August 2018
Fig. 19 Processing flow diagram for the postemulsifiable, method D, hydrophilic liquid penetrant system More
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 6
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v06.a0001472
EISBN: 978-1-62708-173-3
..., magnetic particle, and liquid penetrant testing are used also. Internal defects are generally more serious. Radiography and ultrasonic tests are the best methods for locating internal discontinuities. Because of the nature of the process, LOF is rare. If fusion is achieved on external material edges...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 January 2025
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13b.a0007042
EISBN: 978-1-62708-183-2
... for corrosion of ceramics, wetting, penetration or infiltration, dissolution or chemical reaction, and eventually chemical spalling are the most important phenomena to consider. They apply as much to the S + L reactions as to the solid S + G reactions. Liquids can be either slags or fluxes, molten salts...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2005
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13b.a0003841
EISBN: 978-1-62708-183-2
... resistance of a refractory into two groups of controllable factors for liquids, which are listed in Table 2 . Factors influencing refractory dissolution/corrosion by liquids Table 2 Factors influencing refractory dissolution/corrosion by liquids Penetration factors Freezing of the penetrant...
Book

Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2005
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13b.9781627081832
EISBN: 978-1-62708-183-2
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003551
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... penetration, without dissolution at all, occurs when a strictly nonwetting liquid is forced into the pores of a solid by gravity or external forces. Chemical invasion occurs when dissolution and penetration are tied together. Both physical and chemical penetration are favored by effective liquid-solid wetting...