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Book Chapter

By George Pantazopoulos
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04a.a0005776
EISBN: 978-1-62708-165-8
... Abstract The liquid nitriding process has several proprietary modifications and is applied to a wide variety of carbon steels, low-alloy steels, tool steels, stainless steels, and cast irons. This article discusses the applications, subclassifications, operating procedures, and maintenance...
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Published: 01 August 2013
Fig. 1 Results of liquid pressure nitriding on type 410 stainless steel (composition, 0.12C-0.45Mn-0.41Ni-11.90Cr; core hardness, 24 HRC) More
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Published: 01 August 2013
Fig. 2 Results of liquid pressure nitriding on AISI type D2 tool steel (composition, 1.55C-0.35Mn-11.50Cr-0.80Mo-0.90V; core hardness, 52 HRC) More
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Published: 01 August 2013
Fig. 3 Results of liquid pressure nitriding on SAE 4140 low-alloy steel (composition, 0.38C-0.89Mn-1.03Cr-0.18Mo; core hardness, 35 HRC) More
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Published: 01 August 2013
Fig. 5 Nitrided case and diffusion zone produced by cyanide-cyanate liquid nitriding. The characteristic needle structure is seen only after a 300 °C (570 °F) aging treatment. Depth of compound zone about 0.01 mm More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 38 Nitride layer etched with 3% picral on ductile iron specimen (grade 80-55-06). Liquid nitrided for 3 h in a salt bath at 570 °C (1060 °F) and water quenched. (a) 500×. (b) 1000× More
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003197
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
..., carbon and hardness gradients, and process procedures of different types of case hardening methods: carburizing (gas, pack, liquid, vacuum, and plasma), nitriding (gas, liquid, plasma), carbonitriding, cyaniding and ferritic nitrocarburizing. An accurate and repeatable method of measuring case depth...
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Published: 01 August 2013
Fig. 9 Depth of case for several chromium-containing low-alloy steels, aluminum-containing steels, and tool steels after liquid nitriding in a conventional salt bath at 525 °C (975 °F) for up to 70 h More
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Published: 01 December 1998
Fig. 17 Depth of case for several chromium-containing low-alloy steels, aluminum-containing steels, and tool steels after liquid nitriding in a conventional salt bath at 525 °C (975 °F) for up to 70 h More
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 18
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 December 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v18.a0006355
EISBN: 978-1-62708-192-4
... the coefficient of friction with a compound layer Increasing the fatigue strength of the components The methods of introducing atomic nitrogen, or both atomic nitrogen and atomic carbon, into the surface include the following: Gas nitriding and gas nitrocarburizing Liquid nitriding with salt...
Book Chapter

By J.R. Davis
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 5
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1994
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v05.a0001305
EISBN: 978-1-62708-170-2
... and laser surface processing. Surface hardening techniques, namely, nitriding, carburizing, boriding, and flame hardening, performed to improve the resistance of stainless steel alloys are also reviewed. acid cleaning acid descaling alkaline cleaning boriding buffing carburizing electrocleaning...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4D
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 October 2014
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04d.a0005946
EISBN: 978-1-62708-168-9
... , ASM International, 2008. After obtaining a proper liquid steel, the liquid is cast into ingots, usually by conventional casting. Continuous casting, although used for most of the carbon and low-alloy steels, is not usually used for tool steels, due to two main reasons. First, the high amount...
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Published: 01 August 2013
Fig. 10 Hardness gradients for several alloy and tool steels nitrided in salt by the liquid pressure process. Rockwell C hardness values are converted from Knoop hardness measurements made using a 500 g load. Temperatures are nitriding temperatures. More
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 20
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1997
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v20.a0002466
EISBN: 978-1-62708-194-8
... surface hardening and diffusion coatings such as carburizing, nitriding, and carbonitriding. The article also tabulates typical characteristics of carburizing, nitriding, and carbonitriding diffusion treatments. carbonitriding carburizing chemical vapor deposition diffusion coatings electro...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 1995
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.emde.a0003056
EISBN: 978-1-62708-200-6
.... Basic Factors in Bonding In most cases, one of the bonding phases is a liquid at the bonding temperature. Wetting and spreading (discussed in more detail below) play a critical role in distribution of the liquid and the formation of an intimate atomic interference without the application...
Book Chapter

Book: Casting
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 15
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v15.a0005202
EISBN: 978-1-62708-187-0
... to the ingot axis. In addition to deepening the molten pool and increasing the angle of the liquid-solid zone, there is another ramification when Lorentz stirring is dominant. At low currents, oxides and nitrides in the electrode are melted out, drop onto the molten pool surface, and are swept to the sides...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4D
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 October 2014
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04d.a0005975
EISBN: 978-1-62708-168-9
... to about 315 °C (600 °F) before being introduced into the bath. Nitriding Liquid nitriding is preferred to gas nitriding for high-speed steel cutting tools due to the possibility of realizing short nitriding cycles. Alternatively, plasma nitriding can be used, which allows a better control...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 9
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2004
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v09.a0003762
EISBN: 978-1-62708-177-1
... or fluidized bed), liquid (salt bath), and plasma (ion) nitriding. Plasma nitriding allows faster nitriding times than for gas nitriding, which can take 10 to 20 h or even days, depending on the application. The mechanism of generating nascent nitrogen at the surface of the workpiece also affects the case...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 6
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v06.a0001457
EISBN: 978-1-62708-173-3
... through a liquid phase (not by surface diffusion) that is formed by the reaction of metal-oxide sintering aids and the silicon dioxide that coats each of the silicon nitride grains. In most cases, at least some residue of the sintering aid remains at the grain boundaries after the ceramic densities...
Book Chapter

By J.R. Davis
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 5
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1994
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v05.a0001306
EISBN: 978-1-62708-170-2
... (electrical steels). This article provides a detailed discussion on the various surface treatments, including cleaning, nitriding, carburizing, coating, and plating, performed on specialty steels. carburizing case hardening cleaning coating corrosion resistance deburring electrical steels ferrous...