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Published: 01 January 2003
Fig. 14 Dendritic solidification in laser-surface-melted type 304 stainless steel. (a) Surface replica of a polished-and-etched cross section. (b) Scanning electron micrograph of the free surface More
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Published: 31 December 2017
Fig. 15 (a) micrograph of laser-surface melted AZ31 B Mg-base alloy (Mg-3Al-1Zn) showing melt zone and the base, (b) wear behavior of untreated and laser-melted AZ31 B and AZ61 B (Mg-6Al-1Zn) Mg-base alloys, and (c) worn surface of laser-treated AZ31 B alloy. Source: Ref 66 More
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Published: 12 September 2022
Fig. 9 Weight-loss behavior of a laser-surface-melted alloy compared with an untreated Mg-Gd-Ca alloy immersed in Hank’s balanced salt solution for 14 days. Source: Ref 69 More
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04a.a0005808
EISBN: 978-1-62708-165-8
... heat treatment, laser surface melting such as skin melting or glazing, laser direct metal deposition such as cladding, alloying, and hardfacing, laser physical vapor deposition, and laser shock peening. The article provides detailed information on absorptivity, laser scanning technology...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 23A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 12 September 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v23A.a0006885
EISBN: 978-1-62708-392-8
... of the layer-by-layer fusion-based DED process. A brief overview of the primary governing equations, boundary conditions, and numerical methods prescribed for modeling laser-based metal AM is then presented. Next, the article discusses fundamental concepts related to laser surface melting and laser-assisted...
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Published: 01 January 1994
Fig. 15 Cross section of laser-melted cast iron surfaces. (a) Gray iron. (b) Ductile iron. Source: Ref 13 More
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Published: 01 January 2003
Fig. 8 View of laser-melted surface and temperature profiles experienced at different points on the surface during laser melting. Liquidus ( T L ), solidus ( T S ), and solid-state transformation ( T R ) temperatures are indicated. More
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Published: 15 June 2020
Fig. 6 Comparison of the surfaces of laser-melted cobalt-chromium and a copper alloy build. Source: Ref 30. Reprinted by permission from The Santa Fe Symposium on Jewelry Manufacturing Technology More
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Published: 30 August 2021
Fig. 20 Fracture surfaces of tensile tests from as-built selective-laser-melted Ti-6Al-4V specimens. (a) Cup-and-cone. (b) Dimples. (c) and (d) Quasi-cleavage facets. Source: Ref 26 , 42 More
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 18
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 December 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v18.a0006421
EISBN: 978-1-62708-192-4
... tribological performance of structural materials in lubricated and nonlubricated environments. It discusses the fundamentals of various laser materials interactions and reviews laser-based surface-modification strategies, including laser surface heating and melting, laser-synthesized coatings, and laser-based...
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Published: 12 September 2022
Fig. 8 Variation in surface roughness and contact angle in simulated body fluid (SBF) as a function of laser fluence for laser-surface-melted AZ31B magnesium alloy. Source: Ref 46 More
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Published: 12 September 2022
Fig. 7 Set of micrographs showing electron backscatter diffraction results for laser-surface-melted AZ31B magnesium alloy, (a) to (c) top surface, (d) to (f) cross section. Source: Ref 46 More
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2003
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13a.a0003681
EISBN: 978-1-62708-182-5
... to megavolt ion accelerating potentials. The second method, laser processing, is high-power laser melting with or without mixing of materials precoated on the substrate, followed by rapid melt quenching. The article also describes the advantages and disadvantages of the surface modification approach...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 24
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 June 2020
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v24.a0006563
EISBN: 978-1-62708-290-7
... preheat and low viscosity of the melt, which outflows into the surrounding powder bed. Better surface quality can be achieved without preheating, but the mechanical strength of the parts is limited ( Ref 68 ). In biomedical research, Liu ( Ref 69 ) used direct laser sintering on a hydroxyapatite (HA...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04a.a0005771
EISBN: 978-1-62708-165-8
... to differentiate it from laser surface melting phenomena ( Fig. 9 ). There is no chemistry change produced by laser transformation hardening, and the process, like induction and flame hardening, provides an effective technique to harden ferrous materials selectively. Other methods of laser surface treatments...
Book: Machining
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 16
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1989
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v16.a0002168
EISBN: 978-1-62708-188-7
... Abstract Laser beam machining removes, melts, or thermally modifies a material by focusing a coherent beam of monochromatic light on the workpiece. This article describes the principal lasers used in metal processing: neodymium-glass, carbon dioxide, and neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 24
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 June 2020
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v24.a0006564
EISBN: 978-1-62708-290-7
... devices and monitoring of the welding process. A commercial welding inspection system was installed in a custom laser PBF machine ( Ref 20 ). The SD-OCT probe beam travels through the same scanning optics as the process laser. After melting each layer, the part surface is rescanned using the SD-OCT...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 24
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 June 2020
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v24.a0006556
EISBN: 978-1-62708-290-7
... is needed, because pores detract from the visual appearance of a polished surface. Achieving acceptable surface qualities on the laser-melted parts was a challenge for gold and silver alloys. This drove a considerable research effort for those involved in laser melting in the jewelry industry. Zito et...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 24
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 June 2020
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v24.a0006581
EISBN: 978-1-62708-290-7
... on the fatigue life of electron-beam-melted (EBM) and laser-beam-melted (LBM) Ti-6Al-4V using Arcam and EOS systems, respectively. They employed a three-point bend test with a maximum surface stress of 600 MPa (87 ksi) and a stress ratio, R , of 0.1. They found that the fatigue life of rolled Ti-6Al-4V > LBM...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 24A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 June 2023
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v24A.a0006972
EISBN: 978-1-62708-439-0
... surface roughness is maximum ( Ref 64 ). Laser power directly influences surface roughness, with lower laser powers resulting in more partially melted, sintered powder along surfaces. Another contributor to surface roughness is due to the so-called stairstep effect. This is a combined result of using...