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Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 1995
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.emde.a0003067
EISBN: 978-1-62708-200-6
... applications, lighting, information display, electronic processing and electronic devices, optical and ophthalmic products, and communications equipment. architectural glass biomedical glass dental glass glass fibers lamp glass optical glass specialty glasses traditional glasses GLASS in its...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 May 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11B.a0006871
EISBN: 978-1-62708-395-9
... to longer wavelengths. Figure 7 shows the spectral irradiance of xenon lamps with different window glass filters. Fig. 7 Spectral irradiance (E) in the UV range (300–400 nm) from various xenon arc window glass filters and the reference sun behind window glass according to CIE 241 (standardized to E...
Image
Published: 01 November 1995
Fig. 12 Diagrams of a diffuse ovoid (a) and a clear tubular (b) high-pressure sodium lamp. 1, getter rings for maintaining high vacuum; 2, hard glass outer bulb; 3, diffusion coating; 4, translucent polycrystalline alumina discharge tube; 5, support structure; 6, lead-in wire; 7, screw base More
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 9
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2004
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v09.a0009084
EISBN: 978-1-62708-177-1
... exceeds the glass transition temperature of the matrix, the material can creep or distort. However, even at lower temperatures than the glass transition temperature, polymeric matrices can degrade, especially if unprotected from the environment ( Ref 6 , 7 ). Excessive or prolonged heat can cause...
Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 1995
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.emde.a0003028
EISBN: 978-1-62708-200-6
...-W xenon arc with borosilicate glass filter. Source: Ref 2 The absorption of UV radiation alone may not necessarily cause the degradation of a plastic material. A wavelength whose photon energy corresponds to a particular bond energy in the polymer chain can break the bond (chain scission...
Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003194
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... μm  CO 2 (CO 2 -He-N 2 gas laser)—10.6 μm Excitation Source:  Ruby—pulsed xenon flash lamp  Nd-Glass—pulsed xenon flash lamp  YAG—pulsed xenon flash lamp; continuous wave (CW) tungsten or krypton lamp  CO 2 —CW or pulsed electrical discharge Practical pulse repetition rate:  Ruby—1–2 pulses/second...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1990
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02.a0001092
EISBN: 978-1-62708-162-7
... of indium in Europe has been in the manufacture of low-pressure sodium lamps, which are mainly used for outdoor lighting. The indium is applied as an oxide coating on the inside of the glass cylinder that forms the outer envelope of the lamp. The coating reflects the infrared waves emitted by the lamp while...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 10
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1986
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v10.a0001730
EISBN: 978-1-62708-178-8
... atomizer to dissociate the sample solutions into free atoms and sealed atomic line source spectral lamps. Early papers stressed the theoretical advantages of absorption as compared to emission methods of spectrochemical analyses; that is, atomic absorption is independent of the excitation potential...
Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 1995
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.emde.a0003049
EISBN: 978-1-62708-200-6
... lamps. Another category of glass is the aluminosilicates. The structure of these glasses is highly cohesive (fewer nonbridging oxygens), so they have better temperature resistance than the glasses mentioned above. Aluminosilicates are used in fiberglass, glass-ceramics, and electrical and electronic...
Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003151
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... temperatures, a property that has restricted their use as high-temperature materials. Protective coating systems have been developed, mostly for niobium alloys, to permit their use in high-temperature oxidizing aerospace applications. At one time refractory metals were limited to use in lamp filaments...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 20
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1997
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v20.a0002463
EISBN: 978-1-62708-194-8
... (vitreous silica) High silica (Vycor) Plate Window Container Light bulb Tubing Lime tableware Low- expansion borosilicate Thermometer Borosilicate crown Lead tableware Halogen lamp Textile fiber (E-glass) S-glass Optic flint SiO 2 100.0 94.0 72.7 72.0 74.0 73.6 72.1 74.0 81.0...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 12
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1987
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v12.a0001833
EISBN: 978-1-62708-181-8
... the fracture is related to the components of the part. This should be followed by careful examination of the fracture by studying its image on the ground-glass back of the camera or through the viewfinder. The examination should begin with the use of direct lighting and should proceed by using various angles...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 21
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v21.a0003442
EISBN: 978-1-62708-195-5
... of thermal expansion and coefficient of moisture expansion; glass transition temperature; thermal conductivity, diffusivity, and specific heat. lamina nonmechanical testing laminate nonmechanical testing nonmechanical properties composite materials ply thickness density coefficient of thermal...
Book Chapter

By Paul J. Walsh
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 21
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v21.a0009241
EISBN: 978-1-62708-195-5
... Abstract The earliest commercial use of carbon fibers is often attributed to Thomas Edison's carbonization of cotton and bamboo fibers for incandescent lamp filaments. This article describes the manufacture of PAN-based carbon fibers and pitch-based carbon fibers. It discusses the properties...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 10
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1986
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v10.a0005693
EISBN: 978-1-62708-178-8
... energy; primary electron energy E x x-ray energy EBIC electron beam induced current ECAP energy-compensated atom probe EDL electroless discharge lamp EDM electric discharge machining ELDOR electron-electron double resonance EMSA Electron...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 1995
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.emde.a0003065
EISBN: 978-1-62708-200-6
... Abstract The large majority of the commercially important glasses are processed from a carefully calculated batch of raw materials that is then melted in special furnaces. Providing an introduction to melting practices of glass production, this article focuses on various finishing methods...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1990
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02.a0001099
EISBN: 978-1-62708-162-7
... semiconductor packaging components, thermostat bimetals, incandescent light bulb glass seal leads (copper clad), and seal beam lamps. Dumet Wire Dumet wire is an alloy containing 42% Ni. It is clad with copper to provide improved electrical conductivity and to prevent gassing at the seal. It can replace...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 10
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1986
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v10.a0001732
EISBN: 978-1-62708-178-8
... continuum source is the xenon are lamp, ranging from 150 to 450 W or more. Figure 5 illustrates the spectral distribution of the emission of a typical xenon lamp. Excitation-beam intensity can be increased further by using mirrored backing in the source compartment to redirect emitted light...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 7
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v07.a0006017
EISBN: 978-1-62708-175-7
... 1830 Sintering compacts of various metals Europe 1859 Platinum fusion process 1870 Patent for bearing materials made from metal powders (forerunner of self-lubricating bearings) United States 1878–1900 Incandescent lamp filaments United States 1915–1930 Cemented carbides Germany...
Book: Machining
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 16
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1989
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v16.a0002171
EISBN: 978-1-62708-188-7
..., or polyester-base or glass-base scribing film (listed in order of increasing dimensional stability and permanence). The most common method used is to cut the pattern into a material called cut-and-peel rubylith, which consists of a red, strippable layer coated onto a stable, clear polyester base. The part...