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isothermal phase transformation

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Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 9
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2004
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v09.a0003723
EISBN: 978-1-62708-177-1
... the use of equilibrium binary phase diagrams as a tool in the interpretation of microstructures. It reviews an account of the two types of solid-state phase transformations: isothermal and athermal. The article discusses isothermal transformation and continuous cooling transformation diagrams which...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 3
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 27 April 2016
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v03.a0006226
EISBN: 978-1-62708-163-4
... Abstract Similar to the eutectic group of invariant transformations is a group of peritectic reactions, in which a liquid and solid phase decomposes into a solid phase on cooling through the peritectic isotherm. This article describes the equilibrium freezing and nonequilibrium freezing...
Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003195
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... Abstract This article presents an outline of the physical metallurgical principles that are associated with heat treating of steels. It describes the iron-carbon phase diagram and various types of transformation diagrams, including isothermal transformation diagrams, continuous heating...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 9
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2004
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v09.a0003739
EISBN: 978-1-62708-177-1
... matrix phase is martensite. (b) Corresponding transmission electron micrograph illustrating subunits of lower bainite. Source: Ref 2 Fig. 16 Lower bainite in a 4360 steel specimen, austenitized, isothermally transformed at 300 °C (570 °F), and quenched. The matrix is untempered martensite...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4E
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2016
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04e.a0006250
EISBN: 978-1-62708-169-6
.... annealing castings deformation diffusion coefficient grain growth heat treatment heterogeneous nucleation homogeneous nucleation homogenization isothermal transformation nonferrous metals precipitation hardening recrystallization recrystallization temperature solid-state phase transformation...
Image
Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 20 Isothermal transformation (IT) diagram for a eutectoid composition (∼0.8% C) of carbon steel (0.81C-0.07Si-0.65Mn, wt%). The IT curves show the time for the start and finish of austenite (γ) transformation into a two-phase structure consisting of ferrite (α) and the cementite carbide More
Image
Published: 01 August 2013
Fig. 3 Schematic iron-carbon phase diagram (left). Austenitization time-temperature diagram illustrating kinetics of isothermal austenite formation upon heating (upper right) and time-temperature-transformation diagram representing isothermal austenite decomposition upon cooling (lower right More
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04a.a0005819
EISBN: 978-1-62708-165-8
... ferrite heat treatment iron-carbon phase diagram isothermal transformation martensite pearlite residual stress steel thermal stress Introduction Heat treatment is roughly defined as controlled heating and cooling of a solid material, so as to change the microstructure and obtain specific...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4D
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 October 2014
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04d.a0005962
EISBN: 978-1-62708-168-9
... in Copper Steels Numerous phases can form in multicomponent copper steels. These phases are formed at different transformation temperatures during heat treatment and coexist in the steel. The possible phases depend on the alloying elements present in the steel and the specific heat treatment procedures...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 9
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2004
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v09.a0003734
EISBN: 978-1-62708-177-1
... monotectoid transformation pearlite peritectic reaction peritectoid transformation steel INVARIANT TRANSFORMATIONS are isothermal reversible reactions that occur at an invariant point on the phase diagram of an alloy, where the initial (parent) phase may be either a liquid or a crystalline solid...
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 42 Time-temperature diagram of precipitation responses of an aluminum-lithium alloy (alloy 8090) for volume formation of the S phase (Al 2 CuMg). This practical isothermal transformation curve is based on a real commercial-sized component that has been exposed to aging temperatures More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 6 Microstructure of Fe-20 wt% Cu alloy sintered at 1150 °C (2100 °F) for 12 h and then isothermally held for 48 h at 810 °C (1490 °F) before being cooled to room temperature. The light phase is the massively transformed phase. Note the growth across parent grain boundaries. Reprinted More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 24 Plates of a phase in α matrix of retained β phase with Ti 2 Ni precipitation at the plate boundaries in a Ti-4Ni alloy, solution treated at 1000 °C (1800 °F) for 20 min and isothermally transformed at 750 °C (1400 °F) for 1 h. 95% H 2 O, 4% HNO 3 , 1% HF. 1000×. Source: Ref 34 More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 23 Laths of a phase with interlath precipitation in a Cu-27.0Sn alloy, solution treated and isothermally transformed at 500 °C (930 °F) for 1 min. No etchant given. Source: Ref 33 More
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 1A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 August 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v01a.a0006300
EISBN: 978-1-62708-179-5
... that an isothermal transformation would proceed with long-range redistribution of substitutional solutes within the three-phase field but would follow the same rules as for the CCT transformation if proceeding at temperatures below the stable three-phase field. References References 1. Lacaze J...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 1A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 August 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v01a.a0006319
EISBN: 978-1-62708-179-5
... cycles microstructure THE TRANSFORMATION OF AUSTENITE upon cooling in steels is well documented. Isothermal (time-temperature transformation) and continuous cooling transformation diagrams (CCT) are used to represent the kinetics of transformation under different thermal cycles. General Features...
Book Chapter

By G.R. Speich
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 1
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1990
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v01.a0001026
EISBN: 978-1-62708-161-0
... of the austenite varies with this temperature. Second, because the martensite forms by a diffusionless transformation, the martensite phase inherits the carbon content of the austenite, which is much higher than that of the original steel C o . Finally, because it is important to maintain the necessary carbon...
Image
Published: 01 December 2009
Fig. 18 Comparison of measurements (data points, thin lines) and mesocale-model predictions (thick lines) of microstructure evolution in Beta-Cez. (a) Isothermal transformation kinetics at 800 °C for material prior-beta worked to develop different subgrain sizes. (b) Number of colonies More
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04a.a0005786
EISBN: 978-1-62708-165-8
... microstructure in many steels, which transforms during later processing or heat treatment to the microstructure desired in the particular steel alloy of interest. Austenitization refers to heating into the austenite phase field, during which the austenite structure is formed. Austenite is the high-temperature...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04a.a0005787
EISBN: 978-1-62708-165-8
... no annealing process ever achieves true equilibrium conditions, it can closely parallel these conditions. In defining the various types of annealing, the transformation temperatures or critical temperatures are usually used. Fig. 2 Iron-carbon binary phase diagram with superimposed full annealing...