Search Results for iron plating

Iron has been electroplated from a variety of electrolytes, whose bath parameters result in coatings that have widely divergent characteristics according to the specific characteristics desired in the finished product. This article provides an overview of the process description and processing equipment and discusses the properties, advantages, limitations, and principal applications of iron plating. It also describes the environmental, health, and safety considerations of iron plating.

Copper can be electrodeposited from numerous electrolytes. Cyanide and pyrophosphate alkalines, along with sulfate and fluoborate acid baths, are the primary electrolytes used in copper plating. This article provides information on the chemical composition, plating baths, and operating conditions of electrodeposition processes for chromium plating, nickel plating, iron plating, cadmium plating, zinc plating, indium plating, lead plating, tin plating, silver plating, gold plating, brass plating, bronze plating, tin-lead plating, zinc-iron plating, and zinc-nickel plating. The article also discusses selective plating, electroforming, and other processes and where they are typically used.

This article provides information on the compositions of alkaline and acid baths and process parameters for zinc-iron, zinc-cobalt, zinc-nickel, and tin-zinc plating.

Nickel alloys electroplated for engineering applications include nickel-iron, nickel-cobalt, nickel-manganese, and zinc-nickel. This article provides the process description and discusses the processing variables, properties, advantages, and disadvantages of nickel-iron, nickel-cobalt, nickel-manganese alloys, and nickel chromium binary and ternary alloys. It also includes information on the environmental, health, and safety considerations for these nickel-base alloys.

This article provides information on soldering iron and the most common soldering iron tip. It describes the classifications of hand soldering equipment based on its temperature control method. These are constant-voltage, variable temperature, and tip-temperature-controlled soldering irons. The article also reviews the selection criteria of the soldering iron.

Coating of cast irons is done to improve appearance and resistance to degradation due to corrosion, erosion, and wear. This article describes inorganic coating methods commonly applied to cast irons. The coating methods include plating, hot dip coating, conversion coating, diffusion coating, cladding, porcelain enameling, and thermal spray. Organic coatings have a wide variety of properties, but their primary use is for corrosion resistance combined with a pleasing colored appearance. The article discusses the various types of organic coatings applied to cast irons. Practically any degree of smoothness or roughness and requirement for color and gloss can be filled by organic coatings. The article describes abrasive blast cleaning, abrasive waterjet cleaning and finishing, vibratory finishing, barrel finishing, and shot peening for processing iron castings.

Electrodeposits of cadmium are used to protect steel and cast iron against corrosion. This article provides an overview of the surface preparation of, and brighteners used in, cyanide baths. It focuses on the anode system, current density, deposition rates, and bath temperature of cadmium plating with attention to the materials of construction and equipment used. The article provides a description of the selection of plating method with examples, applications, and several postplating processes of cadmium plating.

Chromium alloys yield alloy coatings with properties that range from completely satisfactory to marginally acceptable, depending on the end use. This article provides a detailed description of plating solutions and deposition conditions and rates of chromium-iron, chromium-nickel, and chromium-iron-nickel alloys.

This article provides a brief review of the classification and characteristics of cast irons. It describes the processes used to clean iron castings, including mechanical cleaning and finishing and nonmechanical cleaning. The article discusses surface treatments used to extend casting life when resistance to corrosion, wear, and erosion is required. The common methods include electroplating, electroless plating, hardfacing, weld cladding, surface hardening, porcelain enameling, and organic coatings.

From the point of view of economics and ecology, thin-wall ductile iron (TWDI) castings can compete in terms of mechanical properties with the light castings made of aluminum alloys. This article discusses the effect of technological factors on the cooling rate and physicochemical state of the liquid metal for preparing thin-wall castings with good mechanical properties and performance while avoiding casting defects. It describes a variety of defects that may appear during the production of TWDI castings, such as casting skin anomalies (e.g., flake graphite, graphite segregation), graphite clusters, exploded graphite, slag inclusions, shrinkage porosity, eutectic chill and secondary carbides, and cold shuts. The article reviews the tensile, fatigue, impact, and wear properties of TWDI castings. It provides information on the production and applications of TWDI castings.

Die casting is the process most often used for shaping zinc alloys. This article tabulates the compositions of zinc casting alloys and comparison of typical mechanical properties of zinc casting alloys. It discusses additions of alloys to the zinc, including aluminum, magnesium, copper, and iron. The article illustrates a characteristic five-layer microstructure of zinc alloy casings. It discusses the various methods of finishing of zinc alloy die castings, including chromium plating, polishing, painting, and electropainting. The article describes the casting of inserts and their uses in the zinc. It concludes with information on the applications of zinc die castings.

Low-carbon steel sheet and strip are used primarily in consumer goods. This article discusses quality descriptors and mechanical properties of low-carbon steel sheet and strip and carbon and low-alloy steel plate. Alloy steel sheet and strip are used primarily for those special applications that require the mechanical properties normally obtained by heat treatment. Steel sheet is coated in coil form before fabrication either by the steel mills or by specialists called coil coaters. Porcelain enamels are glass coatings applied primarily to products or parts made of sheet steel, cast iron, or aluminum to improve appearance and to protect the metal surface.

This article provides information on the properties, compositions, designations, and applications of zinc and zinc alloys. It discusses the principal areas of application of zinc: in coatings and anodes for corrosion protection of irons and steels; in zinc casting alloys; as an alloying element in copper, aluminum, magnesium, and other alloys; in wrought zinc alloys; and in zinc chemicals. The zinc coating applications of hot dip galvanizing, electrogalvanizing, plating, and thermal spray are presented. The use of zinc alloys in both gravity and pressure die castings is discussed as well as the three main types of wrought products: flat-rolled products, wire-drawn products, and extruded and forged products. The article also provides a section on the corrosion resistance of zinc and zinc coatings in various atmospheres.

This article discusses the most important factors required for cutoff methods. It explains the operations of machines used for the punching, shearing, notching, or coping of plates, bars, and structural sections. The article describes the effects of the blade angle and speed on the shear blade life. It reviews the design requirements and best practices for the production of blades. The article compares double-cut dies with single-cut dies used for shearing of structural and bar shapes. The shearing of specific forms, such as angle iron and flat stock, is also discussed. The article describes the advantages of hydraulic bar and structural shears. It concludes with information on the principle and construction of impact cutoff machines.

Steels may be annealed to facilitate cold working or machining, to improve mechanical or electrical properties, or to promote dimensional stability. This article, using iron-carbon phase diagram, describes the types of annealing processes, namely, subcritical annealing, intercritical annealing, supercritical or full annealing, and process annealing. Spheroidizing is performed for improving the cold formability of steels. The article provides guidelines for annealing and tabulates the critical temperature values for selected carbon and low-alloy steels and recommended temperatures and time cycles for annealing of alloy steels and carbon steel forgings. Different combinations of annealed microstructure and hardness are significant in terms of machinability. Furnaces for annealing are of two basic types, batch furnaces and continuous furnaces. The article concludes with a description of the annealing processes for steel sheets and strips, forgings, bars, rods, wires, and plates.