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Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04a.a0005791
EISBN: 978-1-62708-165-8
... Abstract Plasma (ion) nitriding is a method of surface hardening using glow-discharge technology to introduce nascent (elemental) nitrogen to the surface of a metal part for subsequent diffusion into the material. This article describes the procedures and applications of plasma nitriding...
Abstract
Plasma (ion) nitriding is a method of surface hardening using glow-discharge technology to introduce nascent (elemental) nitrogen to the surface of a metal part for subsequent diffusion into the material. This article describes the procedures and applications of plasma nitriding methods of steel. These methods include direct-current plasma nitriding, pulsed-current plasma nitriding, and active-screen plasma nitriding. The article reviews cold-walled and hot-walled furnaces used for plasma nitriding. It provides information on the importance of controlling three process parameters: atmosphere, pressure, and part temperature. The article includes a discussion on the influence of nitrogen concentration on case structure formation on nitrided steel, and explains the significance of microstructure, hardness, and fatigue strength on nitrided case. It also discusses processing, laboratory studies, and applications of nitrocarburizing of steel.
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Published: 01 January 1994
Fig. 8 Surface (case) and core hardness as functions of ion nitriding time and temperature for 18Ni (300) maraging steel. Source: Ref 20
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in Plasma (Ion) Nitriding and Nitrocarburizing of Steels
> Steel Heat Treating Fundamentals and Processes
Published: 01 August 2013
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in Plasma (Ion) Nitriding and Nitrocarburizing of Steels
> Steel Heat Treating Fundamentals and Processes
Published: 01 August 2013
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in Plasma (Ion) Nitriding and Nitrocarburizing of Steels
> Steel Heat Treating Fundamentals and Processes
Published: 01 August 2013
Fig. 14 Case depth vs. square root of ion nitriding time for Nitralloy 135M and 4140 steel. Source: Ref 18
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Published: 30 September 2014
Fig. 27 Schematic showing basic elements of an ion-nitriding system. High-kinetic-energy nitrogen-ion bombardment on the workpiece surface is indicated by blue-white glow discharge around the components.
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Published: 30 September 2014
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 44 Ion nitrided AISI H13 tool steel with a brittle white-etching iron nitride layer at the extreme surface. (a) Mounted with silica-filled epoxy. (b) Nickel plated and mounted with silica-filled epoxy. Vilella's reagent. Note that in (b) the iron nitride layer may be easily missed due
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Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 1 SEM images of (a) IG fracture in ion-nitrided layer of ductile iron (ASTM 80-55-06), (b) transgranular fracture by cleavage in ductile iron (ASTM 80-55-06), and (c) ductile fracture with equiaxed dimples from microvoid coalescence around graphite nodules in a ductile iron (ASTM 65-40-10
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Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 12 Light micrograph of an ion-nitrided H13 tool steel specimen mounted in epoxy thermosetting resin (Epomet). The arrows point to a white-etching iron nitride layer at the surface that probably would not have been observed if the specimen was nickel plated for edge protection. Specimen
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Published: 01 January 1994
Fig. 7 Hardness profiles for various ion-nitrided materials. 1, gray cast iron; 2, ductile cast iron; 3, AISI 1040; 4, carburizing steel; 5, low-alloy steel; 6, nitriding steel; 7, 5% Cr hot-work steel; 8, cold-worked die steel; 9, ferritic stainless steel; 10, AISI 420 stainless steel; 11, 18
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Published: 01 January 1994
Fig. 8 Observable diffusion zone on the unetched (white) portion of an ion-nitrided 416 stainless steel. Nital etched. 500×
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 31 Compound layer of γ′(Fe 4 N) on the ion-nitrided surface of quenched and tempered 4140 steel. The γ′ compound layer is supported by a diffused case, which is not observable in this micrograph. Nital etch. 500×
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 32 Observable diffusion zone on the unetched (white) portion of an ion-nitrided 416 stainless steel. Nital etch. 500×
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 36 Pure diffusion and monophase layers on ion-nitrided steel. (a) Pure diffusion zone with no white layer on Fe-0.31C-2.50Cr-0.2Mo-0.15V steel that was ion nitrided for 36 h at 525 °C (975 °F). Tempered before nitriding to 35 HRC. 2% nital etch. 750×. (b) Monophase surface layer of Fe 4 N
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Published: 31 December 2017
Fig. 4 Micrograph and hardness profile in M-2 tool steel bead insert ion nitrided at 482 °C (900 °F) for 15 h in a mixture of 5% nitrogen and 95% hydrogen. Surface hardness: 1080 HV and 94.2 HR-15N. Source: Adapted from Ref 12
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in Plasma (Ion) Nitriding and Nitrocarburizing of Steels
> Steel Heat Treating Fundamentals and Processes
Published: 01 August 2013
Fig. 20 Compound layer on the ion-nitrided surface of quenched and tempered 4140 steel. The compound layer is supported by a diffused case, which is not observable in this micrograph. Nital etched. Original magnification: 500×
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in Plasma (Ion) Nitriding and Nitrocarburizing of Steels
> Steel Heat Treating Fundamentals and Processes
Published: 01 August 2013
Fig. 21 Observable diffusion zone on the unetched (white) portion of an ion-nitrided 416 stainless steel. Nital etched. Original magnification: 500×
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in Plasma (Ion) Nitriding and Nitrocarburizing of Steels
> Steel Heat Treating Fundamentals and Processes
Published: 01 August 2013
Fig. 23 Hardness profile for various ion-nitrided materials. 1, gray cast iron; 2, ductile cast iron; 3, AISI 1040; 4, carburizing steel; 5, low-alloy steel; 6, nitriding steel; 7, 5% Cr hot-worked steel; 8, cold-worked die steel; 9, ferritic stainless steel; 10, AISI 420 stainless steel; 11
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Published: 15 January 2021
Fig. 4 Light micrograph of an ion-nitrided H13 tool steel specimen mounted in epoxy thermosetting resin. The arrows point to a white-etching iron nitride layer at the surface that probably would not have been observed if the specimen was nickel plated for edge protection. Specimen etched
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