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Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4C
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 09 June 2014
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04c.a0005847
EISBN: 978-1-62708-167-2
... indicator runout of vertical scanners. It presents information on the frequency selection parameters for scanning applications. The article also discusses the critical parameters and production rates in specifying and developing a tooth-by-tooth hardening process. frequency gears horizontal scanners...
Image
Published: 09 June 2014
Fig. 6 Horizontal scanner with restraints More
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 10
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v10.a0006658
EISBN: 978-1-62708-213-6
... is the bandwidth of the feedback control loop, which includes the force sensor and the piezoelectric ceramic that moves the sample and/or probe relative to each other. Additionally, the piezoelectric scanner that moves the sample and/or probe in the horizontal xy -axis must be capable of rapid motions. Finally...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 9
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2004
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v09.a0003757
EISBN: 978-1-62708-177-1
... microscopy printer quantization resolution sampling scanners scanning electron microscopy transmission electron microscopy video capture DEVELOPMENTS IN COMPUTER HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE have contributed to major changes in materials characterization in the last decade. Electronic acquisition...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4C
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 09 June 2014
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04c.a0005852
EISBN: 978-1-62708-167-2
..., productivity, repeatability, and ease of setup. The controls for the more common types of induction hardeners are discussed subsequently. Scanner Systems Scanners are widely used for induction heating. Scanners are very versatile and can be used for either vertical or horizontal applications. Typical...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 17
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2018
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v17.a0006450
EISBN: 978-1-62708-190-0
...-wall nonferromagnetic tube, with reactance values plotted as ordinates (vertical axes) and resistance values plotted as abscissas (horizontal axes), is shown in Fig. 13 . When a tube being inspected has zero conductance (the empty-coil condition), the impedance point is at A. The coil input impedance...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 10
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 December 2019
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v10.a0006633
EISBN: 978-1-62708-213-6
... a piezoelectric crystal in the form of a cylindrical tube (referred to as a PZT tube scanner) scans the sharp metallic probe over the surface in a raster pattern while sensing and outputting the tunneling current to the control station ( Fig. 3 ). The digital signal processor (DSP) calculates the desired...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 January 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0006764
EISBN: 978-1-62708-295-2
... body scanners, space shuttle foam inspection, in situ nondestructive evaluation of concrete rebar, moisture detection in composites, paint thickness Cannot penetrate conductive metals High-quality imaging can be performed at distance. No ionizing radiation, so harmless to people at common energy...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 10
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1986
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v10.a0001755
EISBN: 978-1-62708-178-8
... of the scan lines. Bandwidth restrictions are not as narrow as those associated with television scanners. Each scan line or raster consists of horizontally aligned picture points, sometimes termed pixels; the quantity of pixels varies somewhat among different systems. Over the viewing screen are parallel...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 17
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2018
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v17.a0006456
EISBN: 978-1-62708-190-0
..., Ltd., in England developed the first commercial XCT system, also known as a computerized assisted tomography scanner ( Ref 6 ). Commercial CT scanners also found increased acceptance with the availability of inexpensive computing power, and industrial testing was considered an appropriate application...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 24A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 June 2023
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v24A.a0006982
EISBN: 978-1-62708-439-0
... images during the rotation of the specimen or the scanner, followed by a reconstruction of a three-dimensional (3D) image ( Ref 3 , 4 ). It gives highly resolved 3D images of the tested samples. Ultrasonic testing (UT) is another method used for AM components ( Ref 5 ) in many industries such as power...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4F
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 February 2024
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v4F.a0007011
EISBN: 978-1-62708-450-5
... as on flat surfaces. Both horizontal and vertical coil arrangements can be used, with the vertical design being the most popular for hardening of short and moderate-length workpieces. As an example, Fig. 12 shows standard vertical scan hardening machine systems. Fig. 12 Standard vertical induction...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 23A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 12 September 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v23A.a0006887
EISBN: 978-1-62708-392-8
... are configured at necessary and sufficient values; and polyhedral models are automatically approximated using STL applications. Triangle planes are used to define the material interfaces mathematically as apex coordinates; normal vectors are directed from the inner objects to the outer spaces; and horizontal...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 21
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v21.a0003436
EISBN: 978-1-62708-195-5
... this curve to the specific composite and lay-up in use. In the aerospace industry and other industries as well, automated ultrasonic inspection is the principle inspection method for testing and accepting fiber-reinforced composites. Automated scanners are employed that acquire TT, PE, or combined...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 17
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2018
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v17.a0006478
EISBN: 978-1-62708-190-0
... and other industries as well, automated ultrasonic inspection is the principal inspection method for testing and accepting fiber-reinforced composites. Automated scanners are employed that acquire TT, PE, or combined ultrasonic measurements over an entire structure at high speed. Automated ultrasonic...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 17
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2018
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v17.9781627081900
EISBN: 978-1-62708-190-0
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 19
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1996
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v19.a0002353
EISBN: 978-1-62708-193-1
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 23A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 12 September 2022
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v23A.a0006908
EISBN: 978-1-62708-392-8
.... Computed tomography (CT) is extensively used to gain reasonably high-resolution images of the bone tissue; magnetic resonance imaging further provides images of the interface of the hard tissue and surrounding soft tissues. Current medical imaging for AM of bone uses multislice CT scanners. The scanning...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 8
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2000
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v08.a0003281
EISBN: 978-1-62708-176-4
.... If, as in a horizontally loaded component, the N acts in a direction other than parallel to the gravitational force, the expression “normal force,” not “load,” must be used. In practice, it is always better to use the general term “normal force” to avoid having to make this distinction. Methods for Measuring Friction...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 17
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2018
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v17.a0006460
EISBN: 978-1-62708-190-0