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Book Chapter

By Selçuk Kuyucak
Book: Casting
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 15
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v15.a0005336
EISBN: 978-1-62708-187-0
... Abstract Nickel-base alloy castings are widely used in corrosive-media and high-temperature applications. This article begins with a discussion on the compositions of corrosion-resistant nickel-base casting alloys and heat-resistant nickel-base casting alloys. It describes the effects...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4E
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2016
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04e.a0006266
EISBN: 978-1-62708-169-6
... applications. It focuses on the solution treatment and age hardening of cast nickel-base superalloys and the heat treatment of cast solid-solution alloys for corrosion-resisting applications. The article also discusses the typical types of atmospheres used in annealing or solution treating: exothermic...
Book Chapter

By Steve Sikkenga
Book: Casting
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 15
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v15.a0005335
EISBN: 978-1-62708-187-0
... coatings continuous casting gas turbines heat treatment hot isostatic pressing microstructure orthopedic implants phases physical metallurgy crystallography foundry methods argon-oxygen decarburization cobalt alloy castings wear-resistant alloys corrosion-resistant alloys COBALT-BASE...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003147
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... the mining and extraction of nickel and describes the uses of nickel. It discusses the categories of nickel-base alloys, including wrought corrosion-resistant alloys, cast corrosion-resistant alloys, heat-resistant alloys (superalloys), and special-purpose alloys. The article covers the corrosion resistance...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 6
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v06.a0001430
EISBN: 978-1-62708-173-3
... the ductility of a welded structure. A postweld heat treatment is recommended, especially if the cold forming of a weldment after welding is a required part of the fabrication sequence. Tensile properties of welded cobalt-base corrosion-resistant alloy UNS R31233 relative to wrought and cast products at room...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 6A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 October 2011
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v06a.a0005644
EISBN: 978-1-62708-174-0
... to lower ductility. More metallurgical complications occur in weld metal and heat-affected zones. Massive free carbide and martensite occur in weld deposit. Filler materials are cast iron, low-carbon steel, nickel-base alloys, copper-base alloys. With MIG, base wire electrodes of low-carbon steel...
Book Chapter

By Malcolm Blair
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 1
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1990
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v01.a0001047
EISBN: 978-1-62708-161-0
... steels, based on composition, are: Iron-chromium alloys Iron-chromium-nickel alloys Iron-nickel-chromium alloys Information on the properties of H-type grades of steel castings is contained in the section “Heat-Resistant Cast Steels” in this article. Composition and Microstructure...
Book Chapter

By D.L. Klarstrom
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4E
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2016
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04e.a0006267
EISBN: 978-1-62708-169-6
... of these materials, partially because it restricts grain growth during heat treatment and service. Structural stability is enhanced in these alloys by nickel, which decreases the fcc-to-hcp transformation temperature in cobalt-base alloys. Cast heat-resistant alloys, such as alloys MAR-M 509 and FSX-414...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 9
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2004
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v09.a0003737
EISBN: 978-1-62708-177-1
... Abstract This article discusses the specimen preparation of three types of cast and wrought heat-resistant alloys: iron-base, nickel-base, and cobalt-base. Specimen preparation involves sectioning, mounting, grinding, polishing, and etching. The article illustrates the microstructural...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2003
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13a.a0003619
EISBN: 978-1-62708-182-5
... precipitation, cold working, and cast and wrought forms on the corrosion behavior of high-nickel alloys. alloying elements corrosion nickel alloys heat-resistant alloys chemical composition microstructure electrolyte composition electrode potential corrosion-resistant alloys second-phase...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4E
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2016
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04e.a0006261
EISBN: 978-1-62708-169-6
... of heat-resistant nickel-base alloys that are solid-solution strengthened UNS No. Alloy Typical form(s) Nominal composition, wt% Cr Ni Co Mo W Nb Ti Al Fe C Other N08001 HW Cast 12 60 … 0.5 … … … … 23 0.55 … N06006 HX Cast 17 66 … 0.5 … … … … 12 0.55...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 6
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v06.a0001428
EISBN: 978-1-62708-173-3
... procedures for selected nickel-base corrosion-resistant alloys Table 4 Recommended heat treatment procedures for selected nickel-base corrosion-resistant alloys Alloys 200 and 201 for caustic service 1. Hold at 704 °C (1300 °F) for a minimum of 0.5 h/25.4 mm (l in.) of thickness 2...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2014
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04b.a0005930
EISBN: 978-1-62708-166-5
... steels, such as 304, 316, 309, and 446, generally exhibit good oxidation resistance. As the temperature increases above 870 °C (1600 °F), many stainless steels begin to suffer rapid oxidation. Better heat-resistant materials, such as the nickel-base high-performance alloys, and other refractory...
Book Chapter

By Roger A. Bushey
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 6
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1993
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v06.a0001435
EISBN: 978-1-62708-173-3
...; At, austempered (bainite). (b) White irons are not usually heat treated, except for stress relief and to continue austenite transformation. Cast iron can be described as an alloy of predominantly iron, carbon, and silicon. Commercially produced irons contain manganese and may be alloyed with nickel...
Book Chapter

By Matthew J. Donachie, Stephen J. Donachie
Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003120
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
...) If present in large amounts, borides are formed. Source: Adapted from Ref 1 Fig. 2 Typical operating microstructures of representative superalloys. (a) Cast cobalt-base alloy. 250×. (b) Cast nickel-base alloy. 100×. (c) Wrought (left, 3300×) and cast (right, 5000×) nickel-base alloys. (d) Two...
Book Chapter

By J.R. Davis
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 5
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1994
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v05.a0001303
EISBN: 978-1-62708-170-2
... as do cabbage leaves. Ductile iron is so named because in the as-cast form it exhibits measurable ductility. Ductile iron typically contains 3 to 4% C, 1.8 to 2.8% Si, and 0.1 to 1.0% Mn. Alloying additions are sometimes made to ductile irons to improve heat and corrosion resistance. These alloyed...
Book Chapter

By W.L. Mankins, S. Lamb
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1990
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02.a0001072
EISBN: 978-1-62708-162-7
... and iron-base superalloys. Table 2 provides additional detail on the various phases precipitated in wrought heat-resistant alloys. Role of elements in iron-base and nickel-base superalloys Table 1 Role of elements in iron-base and nickel-base superalloys Effect Iron base Nickel base...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003111
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... cast iron alloying elements corrosion-resistant cast irons heat-resistant cast irons white cast irons ALLOY CAST IRONS are considered to be those casting alloys based on the Fe-C-Si system that contain one or more alloying elements intentionally added to enhance one or more useful properties...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003118
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... and liquids at elevated temperatures. These high-alloy cast steels generally have more than 10% Cr and primarily consist of stainless steel. Stainless steel castings are usually classified as either corrosion-resistant castings (which are used in aqueous environments below 650 °C, or 1200 °F) or heat...
Book Chapter

By Paul Crook
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1990
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02.a0001073
EISBN: 978-1-62708-162-7
... for wear resistance, as this is the single largest application area of cobalt-base alloys. cobalt-base alloys corrosion-resistant alloys heat-resistant alloys mechanical properties physical properties COBALT is a tough silver-gray magnetic metal that resembles iron and nickel in appearance...