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graphite nucleation

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Published: 31 August 2017
Fig. 6 Graphite nucleated on a MnS sulfide, which in turn nucleated on an aluminum, magnesium, silicon, calcium oxide. Source: Ref 8 More
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 1A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 August 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v01a.a0006334
EISBN: 978-1-62708-179-5
... and explains the evaluation of carbon-silicon contents, graphite shape, graphite nucleation, and contraction-expansion balance. It illustrates the use of an immersion steel sampling device for compacted graphite iron production and provides information on the ferrite-pearlite ratio in ductile iron...
Image
Published: 01 December 2008
Fig. 2 Optical micrographs showing nucleation of silicon phase (a) on graphite particle and (b) on nickel-coated graphite particles in hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloys More
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 1A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 August 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v01a.a0006304
EISBN: 978-1-62708-179-5
... Abstract The solidification of hypoeutectic cast iron starts with the nucleation and growth of austenite dendrites, while that of hypereutectic iron starts with the crystallization of primary graphite in the stable system or cementite in the metastable system. This article begins...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 1A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 August 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v01a.a0006315
EISBN: 978-1-62708-179-5
... of ductile cast iron and compacted graphite cast iron. cast iron compacted cast iron ductile iron gray cast iron inoculation MODIFICATION AND INOCULATION, as major liquid iron treatments, usually refer to graphite shape control. Graphite nucleation site characteristics such as size...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 1A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 August 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v01a.a0006318
EISBN: 978-1-62708-179-5
... during melting, treatment, and inoculation of cast iron melts to neutralize the effects of tramp elements that may be present and to control the nucleation and growth of graphite during solidification. These trace element additions, if not properly balanced with tramp element levels present in the melt...
Image
Published: 31 August 2017
compound associated with graphite, La,Ca,Al-FeSi inoculated iron. (g) Three-stage graphite nucleation model More
Book: Casting
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 15
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2008
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v15.a0005213
EISBN: 978-1-62708-187-0
... Abstract Cast iron exhibits a considerable amount of eutectic in the solid state. This article discusses the structure of liquid iron-carbon alloys to understand the mechanism of the solidification of cast iron. It illustrates the nucleation of the austenite-flake graphite eutectic, austenite...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 1A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 August 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v01a.a0006316
EISBN: 978-1-62708-179-5
... of dendrites depend on the solidification rate or the wall thickness. The dendrites become shorter and fewer as the wall thickness increases. After the nucleation of the austenitic dendrites, graphite nucleates heterogeneously near the austenitic dendrites because the liquid in the vicinity of the dendrites...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 1A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 August 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v01a.a0006300
EISBN: 978-1-62708-179-5
... binary Fe-C phase diagram deformation modeling ferrite transformation lamellar graphite iron nucleation spheroidal graphite iron THE SOLID-STATE TRANSFORMATION products of common cast irons (excluding austenitic cast irons) may be ferrite, pearlite, bainite, and martensite. This article covers...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4C
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 09 June 2014
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04c.a0005903
EISBN: 978-1-62708-167-2
... during inoculation and nucleation of molten cast iron, assisting in the formation of cast iron. The different types of cast irons are gray cast iron, nodular cast iron, compacted graphite iron, malleable cast iron, and alloyed cast iron. The article provides an overview of the melt treatment processes...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 1A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 August 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v01a.a0006295
EISBN: 978-1-62708-179-5
..., along with saturation degree and carbon equivalent. carbon cast iron cementite Fe-C system Fe-C-Mn system Fe-C-P system Fe-C-S system Fe-C-Si system Fe-S system Fe-Si system graphite iron-base alloys nucleation phase diagrams relative stability solid phase solidification...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 1A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 August 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v01a.a0006294
EISBN: 978-1-62708-179-5
... is a carbide promoter, it can combine with sulfur. The resultant manganese sulfides act as nuclei for lamellar graphite. In industrial processes, nucleation phenomena may sometimes override solubility considerations. For common cast iron, the main elements of the chemical composition are carbon and silicon...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 1
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1990
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v01.a0009206
EISBN: 978-1-62708-161-0
... including the nucleation potential of the melt, chemical composition, and cooling rate. The first two factors determine the graphitization potential of the iron. A high-graphitization potential will result in irons with graphite as the carbon rich phase, while a low-graphitization potential will result...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 1A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 August 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v01a.a0006314
EISBN: 978-1-62708-179-5
... technique to cast iron was developed by Charbon and Rappaz ( Ref 59 ). They used the classic model of Wetterfall et al. ( Ref 7 ) for diffusion-controlled graphite growth through the austenite shell to describe spheroidal graphite (SG) iron solidification. The nucleation is assumed to be a function...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 1A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 August 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v01a.a0006311
EISBN: 978-1-62708-179-5
... heterogeneous nucleation homogeneous nucleation kinetic undercooling nucleation pressure undercooling solidification thermal undercooling UPON MELTING OF GRAPHITIC IRON, the graphite will dissolve if enough time at the superheating temperature is allowed. Thus, the structure of liquid iron...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 1A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 August 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v01a.a0006310
EISBN: 978-1-62708-179-5
... fluoride is added with the line when the iron temperature is low, such as during startups. Mechanical stirring can also be done in batch processing. Before magnesium treatment, the sulfur content is typically controlled between 0.008% and 0.02%. Lower base sulfur can hamper graphite nucleation and lead...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 1A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 August 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v01a.a0006319
EISBN: 978-1-62708-179-5
... the typical bainite precipitation temperature range, after an incubation time, acicular ferrite plates begin to nucleate preferentially at austenite/graphite interfaces and at austenite grain boundaries. Figure 1 shows samples of spheroidal and flake graphite cast irons austempered for 2 min at 360 °C (680...
Image
Published: 31 August 2017
Fig. 3 Mismatch (δ), %, between a specific lattice face of some substances and the (0001) face of graphite. I, strongest nucleating ability; II, medium nucleating ability; III, weak nucleating ability More
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 1A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 August 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v01a.a0006343
EISBN: 978-1-62708-179-5
... at the start of solidification. In the case of hypoeutectic composition, for example, nucleation of a solid phase begins with austenite formation, with some dissolved carbon in the austenite. Some graphite may form during solidification of a hypoeutectic cast iron, because the growth of austenite grains...