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grain orientation
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 22 Relationship between deformation microstructure and grain orientation in polycrystalline aluminum (99.99%) following tension. Three types of cell block structures have been identified. Source: Ref 51
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 23 Relationship between deformation microstructure and grain orientation in polycrystalline interstitial-free iron (99.99%) following rolling, 90% cold reduction. Courtesy of X. Huang, Risø National Laboratory
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Published: 01 December 1998
Fig. 17 Transmission electron microscopy grain orientation contrast in a sample of fine-grained polycrystalline silicon. Courtesy of Tom Headley, Sandia National Laboratories
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in Crystallographic Analysis by Electron Backscatter Diffraction in the Scanning Electron Microscope
> Materials Characterization
Published: 15 December 2019
Fig. 1 Inverse pole figure orientation map and pole figures from a grain-oriented electrical steel transformer. (a) Inverse pole figure orientation map with respect to the rolling direction. (b) {001}, {110}, and {111} pole figures extracted from the electron backscatter diffraction map data
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Published: 01 January 1996
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in Magnetically Soft Materials
> Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys and Special-Purpose Materials
Published: 01 January 1990
Fig. 9 Half hysteresis loops and dc magnetization curves for grain-oriented M-6 and cold-rolled nonoriented M-19 steels. Steel thickness is 0.36 mm (0.014 in.).
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 6 Cubic etch pits in cube-on-face grain-oriented 3% Si steel. A solution of Fe 2 (SO 4 ) 3 and sulfuric acid was used as an etchant (see Table 4 ). (a) Optical micrograph of a single αFe grain, obtained by annealing at 1175 °C (2150 °F) or higher. (b) Scanning electron micrograph
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Published: 01 December 1998
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 7 Simulated and experimental grain size and orientation in Al-2.5Cu (wt%) alloys at various bulk nucleation undercoolings (Δ T b ). Source: C.P. Hong and M.F. Zhu, in The Science of Casting and Solidification , D.M. Stefanescu, R. Ruxanda, M. Tierean, and C. Serban, Ed., Lux Libris
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Image
Published: 01 November 2010
Fig. 2 Relative orientation of grain boundaries and rotation axes for different types of grain boundaries. (a) Twist boundary. (b) Asymmetrical tilt boundary. (c) Symmetrical tilt boundary
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Book Chapter
Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003153
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... Abstract This article discusses the ferromagnetic properties of soft magnetic materials, explaining the effects of impurities, alloying elements, heat treatment, grain size, and grain orientation on soft magnetic materials. It describes the types of soft magnetic materials, which include high...
Abstract
This article discusses the ferromagnetic properties of soft magnetic materials, explaining the effects of impurities, alloying elements, heat treatment, grain size, and grain orientation on soft magnetic materials. It describes the types of soft magnetic materials, which include high-purity iron, low-carbon irons, silicon (electrical) steels, nickel-iron alloys, iron-cobalt alloys, ferritic stainless steels, amorphous metals, and ferrites (ceramics). Finally, the article provides a short note on alloys for magnetic temperature compensation.
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Published: 15 June 2020
Fig. 2 Optical micrographs (a), (b), (c) from cross section of laser powder bed fusion build. Scanning electron micrographs from surface of printed Co-Cr-Mo alloy samples with build directions of (d) 0, (e) 45, and (f) 90°. Schematic showing the relationship of grain orientation and molten
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Published: 01 January 1987
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 7 Selected area electron channeling pattern from a W-10Ni heavy metal alloy. The grain orientation can be determined from the pattern arising from the penetration and absorption of electrons at those locations where lattice planes in Bragg orientation cut the specimen surface
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in Monte Carlo Models for Grain Growth and Recrystallization
> Fundamentals of Modeling for Metals Processing
Published: 01 December 2009
Fig. 5 Relationship between boundary energy and node angle. (a) Continuum system. (b) Monte Carlo Potts model. Each grain orientation is represented by a different gray scale; the boundaries are sharp, being implicitly defined between sites of different orientations. (c) Implementation
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in Metallography and Microstructures of Nickel and Nickel-Copper Alloys
> Metallography and Microstructures
Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 9 Monel K-500 in the hot rolled condition. Structure: nickel-copper solid solution. Variation in shade of grains is the result of variation in grain orientation. Glyceregia. 100×
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in Metallography and Microstructures of Nickel and Nickel-Copper Alloys
> Metallography and Microstructures
Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 2 Same as Fig. 1 but at higher magnification. Variation in shade of grains is caused by variation in grain orientation. NaCN, (NH 4 ) 2 S 2 O 8 . 500×
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in Metallography and Microstructures of Nickel and Nickel-Copper Alloys
> Metallography and Microstructures
Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 4 Same alloy and same processing as in Fig. 3 but shown at a higher magnification. The variation in shade of the grains (dark, gray, and white) is the result of variation in grain orientation. NaCN, (NH 4 ) 2 S 2 O 8 . 500×
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 18 Steel 1 in Table 1 (grade B2), cast and heat treated at 1065 °C (1950 °F), water quenched, machined into tensile specimen, and tested. Austenite grains show different amounts of twinning, depending on individual grain orientation. Sodium chromate in glacial acetic acid (see Table 2
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Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 10
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1986
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v10.a0001759
EISBN: 978-1-62708-178-8
... crystals, or crystallites, are relatively free of defects compared to the boundary structure. Thus, a complete description of a polycrystal is complex. On a scale of the size of the crystallites (approximately 1 μm to 1 mm), at least the shape, volume, and crystallographic orientation of each grain must...
Abstract
Crystallographic texture measurement and analysis is an important tool for correlating material properties with microstructural features. This article describes the general approach to quantifying crystallographic texture, namely, the collection of statistical data from grain measurements and subsequent analysis based on Euler plots (i.e., pole figures), orientation distribution functions, and stereographic projections. Using detailed illustrations and examples, it explains the significance of preferred crystallographic orientations and their influence on properties and material behavior. The article also discusses sample selection and preparation as well as the challenges and limitations of various methods.
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