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Book Chapter

By M. Budinski, E. Mueller
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 12
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2024
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v12.a0006843
EISBN: 978-1-62708-387-4
... of fracture surfaces are described and illustrated for the important types of fracture mechanisms. It provides a detailed discussion on environmentally assisted crack initiation and growth. environmentally assisted crack growth environmentally assisted crack initiation fatigue fracture fracture...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 12
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2024
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v12.a0006945
EISBN: 978-1-62708-387-4
... Abstract This article presents a basic overview of technology-driven advances in the imaging of primarily metallic fracture surfaces. It describes various types of microscopes, including scanning electron, dual-beam, ion source, and transmission electron microscopes, and their capabilities...
Book Chapter

By Michael Carroll, Mark Lisin
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 12
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2024
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v12.a0006845
EISBN: 978-1-62708-387-4
... Abstract Fracture surfaces can provide an important and indispensable record of many factors in simple or complex failures. Visual examination of fracture surfaces can reveal the type and direction of loading, with fracture-surface features often providing definitive evidence of torsion...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 12
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1987
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v12.a0001833
EISBN: 978-1-62708-181-8
... Abstract This article discusses the preparation of photomacrographs of fracture surfaces. It provides useful information on the equipment used, such as view cameras, 35-mm single-lens-reflex cameras, and stereomicroscopes. The article describes the role of lenses, focusing, camera magnification...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 12
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2024
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v12.a0006846
EISBN: 978-1-62708-387-4
... examination of fractured parts: the stereomicroscope and the single-light-path digital microscope. The common features present on fracture surfaces are each considered separately, both in their significance and as photographic challenges. The article also presents a short note on low-magnification scanning...
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 12
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1987
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v12.a0001838
EISBN: 978-1-62708-181-8
... Abstract This article discusses the fractal characteristics of fracture surfaces as a means for describing and quantifying irregular, complex curves and surfaces of fractured materials. It describes the important relationship between the profile and surface roughness parameters that yield...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 12
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2024
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v12.a0006848
EISBN: 978-1-62708-387-4
... Abstract Quantitative fractography (QF) is the examination and characterization of fracture surfaces of failed or broken-open components and specimens. This article provides examples of the application of QF to evaluate real-life fatigue failures and also a comprehensive guideline chart...
Image
Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 40 A fracture surface created by fatigue. A fatigue fracture surface consists of 3 zones. The initiation zone is often black in steels due to oxidation and may be associated with ratchet marks. The fatigue region often shows beach marks. The overload region is rougher than the fatigue More
Image
Published: 15 January 2021
Fig. 41 Fracture surface created by fatigue. A fatigue fracture surface consists of three zones. The initiation zone is often black in steels due to oxidation and may be associated with ratchet marks. The fatigue region often shows beach marks. The overload region is rougher than the fatigue More
Image
Published: 01 June 2024
Fig. 11 Fracture surface of a tensile specimen. The fracture surface exhibits a texture that is consistent with macroscale brittle fracture in tensile loading. A light ring is visible around the outside circumference. A faint radial pattern is visible from approximately 11 to 4 o’clock More
Image
Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 2 Fracture profiles. (a) Fracture profile generated from the fracture surface of a metal-matrix composite containing alumina fibers distributed in the matrix of an aluminum alloy. (b) Fracture profile generated from the fracture surface of a tensile test specimen of low-alloy steel. (c More
Image
Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 18 Fracture surface regions in cylindrical tension-test specimens. (a) Surface from cone portion of fractured unnotched tensile specimen. (b) Surface of fractured notched specimen. Unlike the fracture surface for an unnotched specimen, the fracture surface for the notched specimen (b More
Image
Published: 01 January 1996
Fig. 16 Surface oxides on a fracture surface from a specimen of the steel identified in Fig. 15 . Source: Ref 51 More
Image
Published: 01 January 1987
Fig. 63 The line spall fracture surface beneath the unspalled roll surface (see Fig. 61 and 62 ), revealed by sectioning and fracturing. The smooth, white fracture region formed when the spall was opened. The arrow at the top indicates the origin, shown at the right at higher magnification More
Image
Published: 01 January 1987
Fig. 1089 The external surface (top) and the corrosion-fatigue fracture surface (bottom) of a solution-treated and peak-aged Al-5.6Zn-1.9Mg sample tested in high-purity deaerated water. SEM, 100× (R.E. Ricker, University of Notre Dame, and D.J. Duquette, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute) More
Image
Published: 01 January 1987
Fig. 1090 The external surface (top) and the corrosion-fatigue fracture surface (bottom) of a solution-treated and peak-aged Al-5.6Zn-1.9Mg sample tested in deaerated 0.5 mol NaCl at a cathodic potential of −1.6 V (SCE). Compare with Fig. 1089 , 1093 , and 1095 . SEM, 100× (R.E. Ricker More
Image
Published: 01 January 1987
Fig. 778 SEM view of the fracture surface in Fig. 777 . This surface seems to be generally dimpled, but at this relatively low magnification the features that appear to be dimples are not adequately resolved. See also Fig. 779 , an enlarged view of area in rectangle. 100× More
Image
Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 3 Change in surface roughness due to crack propagation. Fracture surface roughness increases with distance of propagation, crack propagation rate, and decreased strength level. This component failed in fatigue. Crack initiation was on a longitudinal plane visible at the top in a surface More
Image
Published: 15 January 2021
Fig. 4 Change in surface roughness due to crack propagation. Fracture surface roughness increases with distance of propagation, crack propagation rate, and decreased strength level. This component failed in fatigue. Crack initiation was on a longitudinal plane visible at the top in a surface More
Image
Published: 01 November 1995
Fig. 13 Percussion cone. Original surface is at left; fracture surface is at right. The twist hackle seen at two locations shows that the main fracture started from the base of the cone. SEM More