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F.W. Zok
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John D. Landes, W.T. Becker, Roch S. Shipley, Julian Raphael
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Julian Raphael, Roch J. Shipley, John Landes
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Ervin E. Underwood, Kingshuk Banerji
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David Broek
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Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 1A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 August 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v01a.a0006323
EISBN: 978-1-62708-179-5
... with a description of fractographic analyses for identifying the direction of propagation of a crack. cleavage fracture crack propagation dimple rupture environmentally assisted fracture fatigue fracture fractography fracture analysis fracture modes intergranular fracture THE TECHNOLOGY involved...
Abstract
As cast iron parts are extensively applied, fracture events will eventually take place. Consequently, it becomes essential to carry out failure analyses to identify the cause of fracture and to provide corrective actions that allow safe operation. This article presents a description of the main fracture modes and their characteristic fractographic features. It discusses the four principal fracture modes: dimple rupture (or fracture), cleavage, fatigue, and intergranular fracture. The article provides information on special cases of environmentally assisted fracture. It concludes with a description of fractographic analyses for identifying the direction of propagation of a crack.
Book Chapter
Fracture Analysis of Fiber-Reinforced Ceramic-Matrix Composites
Available to PurchaseBook: Composites
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 21
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2001
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v21.a0003400
EISBN: 978-1-62708-195-5
... field environmental degradation damage tolerance fracture analysis ONE OF THE KEY ATTRIBUTES of continuous fiber-reinforced ceramic composites (CFCCs) is their ability to undergo inelastic straining upon mechanical loading ( Ref 1 ). The mechanisms for these strains involve matrix cracking...
Abstract
One of the key attributes of continuous fiber-reinforced ceramic composites (CFCCs) is their ability to undergo inelastic straining upon mechanical loading. This article reviews the mechanics of inelastic deformation and fracture of CFCCs, as needed for the development of damage-tolerant failure prediction methodologies for use in engineering design. It outlines a general framework for the description of fracture in structural materials in the presence of notches and cracks. The article describes the common classes of fracture behavior of CFCCs and presents the constitutive laws needed to describe crack-tip inelasticity. It demonstrates the effects of inelasticity on crack-tip stress fields and addresses the environmental degradation effects on damage tolerance.
Image
Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 35 Optical fracture analysis of the failed hip prosthesis shown in Fig. 33 . (a) Fracture surface exhibiting large grains. The upper right grain is identical to grain A shown in Fig. 36(a) . Crack originated at the lateral side of the stem. (b) Longitudinal section through fracture
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Fracture analysis phases at different times after beginning of quench. Sour...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 October 2014
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Published: 01 January 1996
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Published: 01 November 1995
Book Chapter
Stress Analysis and Fracture Mechanics
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2002
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0003530
EISBN: 978-1-62708-180-1
... of fracture mechanics. The fracture mechanics approach is an important part of stress analysis at the tips of sharp cracks or discontinuities. The article reviews fracture mechanics concepts, including linear elastic fracture mechanics, elastic-plastic fracture mechanics, and subcritical fracture mechanics...
Abstract
This article describes the underlying fundamentals, applications, the relevance and necessity of performing proper stress analysis in conducting a failure analysis. It presents an introduction to the stress analysis of bodies containing crack-like imperfections and the topic of fracture mechanics. The fracture mechanics approach is an important part of stress analysis at the tips of sharp cracks or discontinuities. The article reviews fracture mechanics concepts, including linear elastic fracture mechanics, elastic-plastic fracture mechanics, and subcritical fracture mechanics. It also provides information on the applications of fracture mechanics in failure analysis.
Book Chapter
Stress Analysis and Fracture Mechanics
Available to PurchaseSeries: ASM Handbook
Volume: 11
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 January 2021
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v11.a0006767
EISBN: 978-1-62708-295-2
... elastic fracture mechanics analysis, with some mention of elastic-plastic fracture mechanics analysis. The article describes the probabilistic aspects of fatigue and fracture. Information on crack-growth simulation of the material is also provided. crack-growth simulation elastic-plastic fracture...
Abstract
This article describes concepts and tools that can be used by the failure analyst to understand and address deformation, cracking, or fracture after a stress-related failure has occurred. Issues related to the determination and use of stress are detailed. Stress is defined, and a procedure to deal with stress by determining maximum values through stress transformation is described. The article provides the stress analysis equations of typical component geometries and discusses some of the implications of the stress analysis relative to failure in components. It focuses on linear elastic fracture mechanics analysis, with some mention of elastic-plastic fracture mechanics analysis. The article describes the probabilistic aspects of fatigue and fracture. Information on crack-growth simulation of the material is also provided.
Book Chapter
Fractal Analysis of Fracture Surfaces
Available to PurchaseBook: Fractography
Series: ASM Handbook Archive
Volume: 12
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1987
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v12.a0001838
EISBN: 978-1-62708-181-8
... fractal dimensions that result from these analyses appear to possess some generality for natural irregular nonplanar surfaces and their profiles. fractal analysis fracture surface quantitative fractography surface roughness RESEARCH into the field of quantitative fractography has progressed...
Abstract
This article discusses the fractal characteristics of fracture surfaces as a means for describing and quantifying irregular, complex curves and surfaces of fractured materials. It describes the important relationship between the profile and surface roughness parameters that yield the surface area of irregular fracture surfaces. The article reviews the experimental procedures required to obtain profiles and measurements that are made. In addition, fractal equations that linearize all the experimental data and provide constant fractal dimensions are presented in the article. Modified fractal dimensions that result from these analyses appear to possess some generality for natural irregular nonplanar surfaces and their profiles.
Book: Fatigue and Fracture
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 19
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1996
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v19.a0002385
EISBN: 978-1-62708-193-1
... Abstract This article illustrates the role that fracture mechanics can play in failure analysis. It describes the important failure criteria as relations between design and materials factors, which are used to correlate fracture mechanics analysis to the observations of a failure analysis...
Abstract
This article illustrates the role that fracture mechanics can play in failure analysis. It describes the important failure criteria as relations between design and materials factors, which are used to correlate fracture mechanics analysis to the observations of a failure analysis. Descriptions include an indication of how the factors are typically evaluated. The article also provides information on subcritical fracture mechanics. Finally, a group of failure analysis examples explain how fracture mechanics parameters can be determined and how they may be fitted into an overall failure investigation.
Book Chapter
Concepts of Fracture Control and Damage Tolerance Analysis
Available to PurchaseBook: Fatigue and Fracture
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 19
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1996
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v19.a0002381
EISBN: 978-1-62708-193-1
... principles of fracture control and reviews the concepts of damage tolerance analysis. It further presents practical guidelines to obtain useful and reasonable answers from damage tolerance analysis. The article concludes with information on fracture mechanics and fatigue design. damage tolerance...
Abstract
Fracture control is a systematic process to prevent fracture during operation that depends on the criticality of the component, the economic consequences of the structures being out of service, and the damage that would be caused by a fracture failure. This article describes the key principles of fracture control and reviews the concepts of damage tolerance analysis. It further presents practical guidelines to obtain useful and reasonable answers from damage tolerance analysis. The article concludes with information on fracture mechanics and fatigue design.
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Fracture in four-point bending of a 94WC-6Co alloy. Analysis of mating frac...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 1987
Fig. 1277 Fracture in four-point bending of a 94WC-6Co alloy. Analysis of mating fracture surfaces (shown here) was needed to accurately gage the fractions of intergranular and transgranular cleavage. Crack propagation was primarily along WC-Co interfaces. Although fracture was brittle
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Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 36 SEM fracture-surface analysis of the failed hip prosthesis shown in Fig. 33 . (a) Fracture surface showing three distinct grains labeled A, B, and C. (b) Grain A has a shallow crystallographically oriented fracture structure. (c) Grain B has a crystallographically oriented fracture
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Crack configurations considered in the fracture mechanics analysis of the t...
Available to Purchase
in Thermomechanical Fatigue: Mechanisms and Practical Life Analysis
> Failure Analysis and Prevention
Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 10 Crack configurations considered in the fracture mechanics analysis of the turbine casing. Source: Ref 13
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Applicability and limitations of force-based fracture mechanics analysis fo...
Available to PurchasePublished: 15 May 2022
Fig. 32 Applicability and limitations of force-based fracture mechanics analysis for high loading rates (impact)
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Loading-rate dependence of fracture toughness. FBA, force-based analysis; D...
Available to PurchasePublished: 15 May 2022
Fig. 36 Loading-rate dependence of fracture toughness. FBA, force-based analysis; DKC, dynamic key curve; POM, polyoxymethylene
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Crack configurations considered in the fracture mechanics analysis of the t...
Available to Purchase
in Thermomechanical Fatigue—Mechanisms and Practical Life Analysis
> Failure Analysis and Prevention
Published: 15 January 2021
Fig. 14 Crack configurations considered in the fracture mechanics analysis of the turbine casing. Source: Ref 28
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Models for the analysis of localized thinning and fracture at a free surfac...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 2005
Fig. 15 Models for the analysis of localized thinning and fracture at a free surface. (a) R-model. (b) Z-model. Source: Ref 6
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Failure analysis diagram. (a) Regimes of fracture mechanics. (b) Elastic-pl...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 January 1996
Fig. 6 Failure analysis diagram. (a) Regimes of fracture mechanics. (b) Elastic-plastic region. (c) Normalized diagram
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Fracture Surface Topography Analysis (FRASTA)-generated fractured area vers...
Available to PurchasePublished: 01 June 2024
Fig. 23 Fracture Surface Topography Analysis (FRASTA)-generated fractured area versus conjugate surface spacing relationship, analogous to the conventional crack length versus crack face displacement curve for a J - R test; also showing how crack-tip opening displacement (CTOD) and crack
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