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flame hardening

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Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04a.a0005807
EISBN: 978-1-62708-165-8
... Abstract Flame hardening is a heat treating process in which a thin surface shell of a steel part is heated rapidly to a temperature above the critical temperatures of the steel. The versatility of flame-hardening equipment and the wide range of heating conditions obtainable with gas burners...
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Published: 01 January 1994
Fig. 18 Typical hardness gradient produced in gray iron by flame hardening More
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Published: 01 August 2013
Fig. 1 Spot (stationary) and progressive methods of flame hardening. (a) Spot (stationary) method of flame hardening a rocker arm and the internal lobes of a cam; quench not shown. (b) Progressive hardening method More
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Published: 01 August 2013
Fig. 2 Spinning methods of flame hardening. In methods shown at left and at center, the part rotates. In method at right, the flame head rotates. Quench not shown More
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Published: 01 August 2013
Fig. 3 Combination progressive-spinning flame hardening More
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Published: 01 August 2013
Fig. 8 Typical flame-hardening installations using oxy-fuel gas mixtures. (a) Installation for high production of similar parts: hardening the 54 mm (2 1 8 in.) bores of hubs to a depth of approximately 3.2 mm ( 1 8 in.). Machine has a standard, retractable spindle adapted More
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Published: 01 August 2013
Fig. 10 Setups for flame hardening gears, idler wheels, and sprockets. (a) Radiant burners. (b) High-velocity convection burners. Wide-face parts can be heated with double or staggered rings of burners. More
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Published: 01 August 2013
Fig. 17 Distribution of dimensional change as a result of flame hardening. (a) Change in pitch diameter of converter gear hubs made of 1052 steel. Gear teeth on inside diameter were heated for a total of 9.5 s, before being quenched in oil to provide a depth of hardness of 0.9 mm (0.035 More
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Published: 01 December 1998
Fig. 5 Spot (stationary) and progressive methods of flame hardening. (a) Spot (stationary) method of flame hardening a rocker arm and the internal lobes of a cam; quench not shown. (b) Progressive hardening method More
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Published: 01 December 1998
Fig. 6 Spinning methods of flame hardening. In methods shown at left and at center, the part rotates. In method at right, the flame head rotates. Quench not shown More
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Published: 01 December 1998
Fig. 7 Combination progressive-spinning flame hardening More
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Published: 01 October 2014
Fig. 20 Typical hardness gradient produced in gray iron by flame hardening More
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Published: 31 August 2017
Fig. 21 Typical hardness gradient produced in gray iron by flame hardening More
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Published: 01 January 2000
Fig. 18 Vickers traverse showing the hardness profile results from a flame-hardened SAE 8660 gear using a fully automated microindentation hardness-testing system More
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Published: 01 August 2013
Fig. 6 Representative flame head designs. (a) Gear tooth-hardening flame head. (b) Sheave-hardening flame head. Source: Ref 3 More
Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003200
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... of frequency, power, duration of heating, and coil design for induction hardening. The article also discusses the scope, application, methods, and operation of flame hardening. electron-beam heat treating flame hardening induction hardening induction tempering laser surface hardening Induction...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4D
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 October 2014
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04d.a0005951
EISBN: 978-1-62708-168-9
... Abstract Case hardening involves various methods and each method has unique characteristics and different considerations in the selection of steels  This article reviews the various grades of carburizing steels, carbonitriding steels, nitriding steels, and steels for induction, or flame...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 4D
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 October 2014
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v04d.a0005942
EISBN: 978-1-62708-168-9
... of the graphite achieved during casting. This article provides a detailed account of classes of gray iron, and heat treating methods of gray irons with examples. These methods include stress relieving, annealing, normalizing, transformation hardening, austenitizing, quenching, austempering, martempering, flame...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 5
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1994
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v05.a0001305
EISBN: 978-1-62708-170-2
... and laser surface processing. Surface hardening techniques, namely, nitriding, carburizing, boriding, and flame hardening, performed to improve the resistance of stainless steel alloys are also reviewed. acid cleaning acid descaling alkaline cleaning boriding buffing carburizing electrocleaning...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 14B
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v14b.a0005148
EISBN: 978-1-62708-186-3
..., and in a die for a 305 mm (12 in.) part, it may amount to nearly one-half the total die cost, even when the tool consists of a tool steel insert in a flame-hardened alloy cast iron die. Die Performance The performance of a drawing die is determined by the total amount of wear (abrasive and adhesive...