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Book Chapter

By A.J. McEvily
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 19
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1996
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v19.a0002357
EISBN: 978-1-62708-193-1
... thresholds, and titanium alloy crack growth thresholds. The near-threshold behavior of nickel-base superalloys is described. The article briefly reviews the threshold results for fiber-reinforced, whisker-reinforced, and particulate-re-inforced metal-matrix alloys. It explains the near-threshold fatigue...
Book Chapter

By Petr Lukáš
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 19
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1996
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v19.a0002355
EISBN: 978-1-62708-193-1
... Abstract This article presents an overview of fatigue crack nucleation from the point of view of the material microstructure and its evolution during cycling. It describes the sites of microcrack nucleation at the free surfaces. The article discusses the relation of dislocation structures...
Book Chapter

By S. Shanmugham, P.K. Liaw
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 19
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1996
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v19.a0002363
EISBN: 978-1-62708-193-1
... Abstract This article describes the test techniques that are available for monitoring crack initiation and crack growth and for obtaining information on fatigue damage in test specimens. These techniques include optical methods, the compliance method, electric potential measurement, and gel...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 19
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1996
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v19.a0002358
EISBN: 978-1-62708-193-1
... are addressed, including increased scatter in small-crack data and recommended small-crack test methods. The article highlights the applications where small cracks may be particularly important. crack behavior small fatigue cracks small-crack test method FATIGUE CRACKS are small for a significant...
Book Chapter

By Ashok Saxena, Christopher L. Muhlstein
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 19
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1996
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v19.a0002360
EISBN: 978-1-62708-193-1
... Abstract This article describes the fracture mechanics in fatigue. It discusses the fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR) testing that consists of several steps, beginning with selecting the specimen size, geometry, and crack length measurement technique. The two major aspects of FCGR test analysis...
Book Chapter

By Andrew H. Rosenberger
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 22A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2009
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v22a.a0005419
EISBN: 978-1-62708-196-2
... Abstract Understanding fatigue crack growth is critical for the safe operation of many structural components. This article reviews the standard fracture mechanics and methods to determine the crack growth rate for a material and loading condition experimentally. It also addresses the two most...
Book Chapter

By Ashok Saxena, Christopher L. Muhlstein
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 8
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2000
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v08.a0003317
EISBN: 978-1-62708-176-4
... Abstract Testing and characterization of fatigue crack growth are used extensively to predict the rate at which subcritical cracks grow due to fatigue loading. ASTM standard E 647 is the accepted guideline for fatigue crack growth testing (FCGR) and is applicable to a wide variety of materials...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 19
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 1996
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v19.a0002359
EISBN: 978-1-62708-193-1
... Abstract This article summarizes the aspects of crack shape and irregularity that are relevant to fatigue and fracture of surface cracks. It discusses the nature of three-dimensional surface cracks and variables that influence crack shape. These variables include the grain size, residual...
Book Chapter

By Alan P. Berens
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 8
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2000
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v08.a0009217
EISBN: 978-1-62708-176-4
... Abstract Fatigue crack growth rate testing and data analysis are performed to characterize the crack propagation resistance of material environment combinations in order to predict crack growth life under anticipated stress histories. This article presents analyses performed on the numerical...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 13C
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 January 2006
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v13c.a0004208
EISBN: 978-1-62708-184-9
... related to CF and SCC. biological response cobalt alloys corrosion fatigue dental amalgam stainless steels stress-corrosion cracking titanium alloys AS THE FIELD OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE proceeds into the 21st century, many changes are taking place. Traditionally, biomaterials have been...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 23
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 June 2012
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v23.a0005654
EISBN: 978-1-62708-198-6
... Abstract This article describes mechanical/electrochemical phenomena related to in vivo degradation of metals used for biomedical applications. It discusses the properties and failure of these materials as they relate to stress-corrosion cracking (SCC) and corrosion fatigue (CF). The article...
Image
Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 31 Thermal fatigue cracking of a spur gear. (a) Radial cracking due to frictional heat against the thrust face. 0.4×. (b) Progression of thermal fatigue produced by the frictional heat. 1.5× More
Image
Published: 01 June 2024
Fig. 13 Fatigue fracture of a 20 cm (8 in.) diameter steel shaft. Fatigue cracking initiated at the bottom side as photographed and is indicated by the arc-shaped crack arrest marks and a smooth, polished surface. Crack arrest marks and similar-appearing features are often, but not always More
Image
Published: 01 June 2024
Fig. 16 Fatigue cracking morphology in ductile iron fatigue fracture, 1400×. Courtesy of Element Materials Technology-Wixom More
Image
Published: 01 June 2024
Fig. 33 Fatigue fracture in a 2 xxx -series alloy. Fatigue cracking initiated at a rivet hole. A higher-magnification view showing fatigue striations on the surface is provided in Fig. 34 . SEM; original magnification: 8× More
Image
Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 33 Crazed pattern of thermal fatigue cracking on the outer surface of a stainless steel tube. See also Fig. 37 . Approximately 4× More
Image
Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 6 Typical example of fatigue cracking adjacent to a longitudinal weld. More
Image
Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 39 Steel knuckle pin that failed in service by fatigue cracking that originated at an arc burn at the bottom of a longitudinal oil hole during magnetic-particle inspection More
Image
Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 44 Subcase fatigue cracking. The micrographs show etched cross sections of (a) a carburized cylindrical test specimen (1.9×) and (b) a carburized gear tooth in which subcase fatigue cracks initiated and propagated during testing. Subcase fatigue, also known as case crushing, shows More
Image
Published: 01 January 2002
Fig. 6 Fatigue cracking of a helicopter tail rotor blade. (a) Scanning electron micrograph of the blade showing lead wool ballast in contact with the 2014-T652 aluminum spar bore cavity wall at the failure origin ∼13×. (b) Greater magnification (∼63×) in this same area shows the multiple pits More