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Book Chapter

By Linda Newman
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 2A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 November 2018
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v02a.a0006489
EISBN: 978-1-62708-207-5
... Abstract Etching aluminum can be a pretreatment step for anodizing, chemical conversion coating, metal-to-rubber bonding, and a host of other processes. Chemical etching, using either alkaline or acid solutions, produces a matte finish on aluminum products. This article describes the alkaline...
Book Chapter

Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 9
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 2004
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v09.a0003749
EISBN: 978-1-62708-177-1
... Abstract Metallographic contrasting methods include various electrochemical, optical, and physical etching techniques, which in turn are enhanced by the formation of a thin transparent film on the specimen surface. This article primarily discusses etching in conjunction with light microscopy...
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Published: 01 January 1994
Fig. 4 Etching of 70–30 brass reveals smeared layer More
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Published: 01 January 1994
Fig. 2 Operations used in etching of aluminum and aluminum alloys More
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Published: 01 January 2006
Fig. 4 Aspects of wafer fabrication and metal etching. (a) Operator with supercarrier and boat fixtures. (b) Diagram of etcher-system components. (c) SEM image of a metal-etch feature More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 45 Typical shapes of proeutectoid ferrite (the light-etching phase) in the grain boundaries (A), protruding into the grain interiors as needlelike (acicular) features (B), and chunky form at triple points (C). 5% nital etch. Original magnification 500× More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 3 Individual dislocations (revealed by careful etching) that comprise a subboundary in germanium. HNO 3 -acetic-HF-bromine. 1500×. Courtesy of W.G. Pfann More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 15 Eutectic grain structure in flake graphite cast iron. Etching in Stead's reagent for 2.5 h (a) reveals coarse grains, for 1.5 h (b) shows fine grains. Magnification: 14×. Source: Ref 11 More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 21 Basic graphite shapes in commercial cast iron obtained by deep etching (a) and (b) or extraction through matrix dissolution (c). Source: Ref 15 More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 13 Outlining of grains using chemical etching. Etchant: modified Poulton reagent (60% HCl, 30% HNO 3 5% HF, 5% H 2 O) More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 14 Outlining of grains using thermal etching. Samples held for 1 h at 590 °C (1095 °F), then quenched in cold water and dried More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 31 Microstructure with retained austenite (light-etching phase here) with its distinctive sharp corners. 5% nital etch. Original magnification 1000× More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 14 Effect of polishing damage on response to etching for annealed 70-30 brass. (a) Taper section (horizontal magnification 2000×, vertical magnification 21,800×) of surface layers that were polished on 1 μm diamond abrasive. (b) Results of etching immediately after polishing on a 1 μm More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 15 Effect of incremental increases in etching time on appearance (a) and (b) and disappearance (c) of scratches on a specimen of annealed 70-30 brass that was polished on fine Al 2 O 3 . (c) Longer etching time removes scratches and the damaged layer. Aqueous FeCl 3 . 250× More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 6 Basic laboratory setup for electropolishing and electrolytic etching More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 6 Alpha brass (Cu-30Zn) cold worked and annealed. Color etching with Klemm's I reagent, which required approximately 1 h, revealed all the grains and annealing twins. 100×. (G.F. Vander Voort) More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 12 Setup for potentiostatic etching More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 25 Basic laboratory setup for electrolytic etching and polishing More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 27 Principles of electrolytic potentiostatic etching More
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Published: 01 December 2004
Fig. 25 Color etching (10% aqueous Na 2 S 2 O 5 ) revealed the lath martensite packet size of AF 1410 ultrahigh-strength steel that was heat treated (austenitized at 900 °C, or 1650 °F, water quenched, and tempered at 675 °C, or 1250 °F). Polarized light illumination. 100×. (G.F. Vander Voort) More