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encapsulated gas-atomized spherical powder

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Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 7
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v07.a0006042
EISBN: 978-1-62708-175-7
.... The article describes the available process routes for fabricating products using HIP and the steps involved in the production of a part via direct HIP of encapsulated gas-atomized spherical powder. It concludes with information on the microstructures of 316L stainless steel HIP powder metallurgy valve body...
Image
Published: 30 September 2015
Fig. 10 Flowchart of steps involved in the production of a part via direct HIP of encapsulated gas-atomized spherical powder. Capsule filling is usually performed while the container is attached to or rests on a vibratory device. During bakeout, a dynamic vacuum is maintained on the filled More
Image
Published: 30 September 2015
Fig. 8 Flow chart showing the relationship between the powder making process and available process routes. Powder making processes such as gas atomization, centrifugal atomization, and plasma rotating electrode process (PREP) produce near-spherical powder that fills volume efficiently, making More
Image
Published: 30 September 2015
Fig. 9 Scanning electron microscope images of (a) gas-atomized and (b) water-atomized 410 stainless steel powder. Spherical powder fills volume more efficiently than irregular-shaped powder, making it a better choice to produce net and near-net shapes via encapsulated HIP. Irregular-shaped More
Book Chapter

By Erhard Klar
Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 December 1998
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.mhde2.a0003185
EISBN: 978-1-62708-199-3
... of spherical (gas atomized) Ti-6Al-4V particles. Fig. 8 Scanning electron micrograph of electrolytic iron powder. 75×. Source: Ref 5 Fig. 9 Particles (+8 mesh) of copper powder hammer milled from oxide-reduced sinter cake. Source: Ref 5 Fig. 10 Effect of milling time on particle...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 5A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v05a.a0005727
EISBN: 978-1-62708-171-9
... by passing carbon monoxide at a high temperature over the heated metal. Precipitation of the vapor gives rise to a powder. Powders are also produced by disintegration of a molten metal by a gas jet or water at high pressure (i.e., atomization). The key methods of producing powder are the atomization...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 7
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v07.a0006058
EISBN: 978-1-62708-175-7
... beryllium strength and the inverse square root of grain size. Source: Ref 4 Aluminum-Beryllium and Beryllium Inert Gas Atomization Inert gas atomization of beryllium, which produces a spherical powder particle morphology ( Fig. 7 ), was developed in the mid-1980s, particularly to further...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 7
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v07.a0006117
EISBN: 978-1-62708-175-7
... ( − Q R T ) where Q is the activation for the diffusion process, R is the gas constant, and T is the absolute temperature. Because of the lower coordination of the atoms at the grain boundaries, for a given material, the activation energy for grain boundary diffusion is commonly lower...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 7
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v07.a0006140
EISBN: 978-1-62708-175-7
... powder metallurgy process modeling titanium components THE PREALLOYED (PA) powder metallurgy (PM) approach involves use of prealloyed powder, generally spherical in shape, which has been produced by melting. Either a technique such as the plasma rotating electrode processing (PREP) or gas...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 7
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v07.a0006052
EISBN: 978-1-62708-175-7
... oxidation. The coldstream process ( Ref 12 ) is a step toward higher-purity powder, whereby comminution is accomplished by accelerating crushed scrap parts (<4 mm, or 0.16 in., in size) in a high-pressure gas stream (air) and allowing them to strike a target. The resulting fractured powder...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 5A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v05a.a0005748
EISBN: 978-1-62708-171-9
... of electrical current by a rapidly moving gas or liquid stream or ferent values of a property in different crossing the gap between two electrodes. by other means. directions. arc chamber. The con ned space within the atomization (thermal spraying). The division annealed powder. A metallic powder that is plasma...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 24
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 15 June 2020
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v24.a0006552
EISBN: 978-1-62708-290-7
... defects in as-printed AM material contain argon gas. Defects filled with argon can occur in several ways in additively manufactured material produced using different AM technologies. For AM technologies that use powder feedstock, one source of argon is the powder itself. Powder atomized by using argon gas...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 7
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v07.a0006079
EISBN: 978-1-62708-175-7
... gravity powder-feed devices. Gas-atomized powders generally are spherical in shape and prone to satellite formation. Water-atomized powders can be irregular or spherical in shape, depending on the alloy used and the quenching rate. Surface oxidation is a potential problem with water-atomized powder...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 18
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 31 December 2017
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v18.a0006364
EISBN: 978-1-62708-192-4
... strong abrasion 6 Ni + Cr 3 C 2 … … NiCrAlY HVOF, APS, VPS High-temperature corrosion resistance, gas turbine blades, buffer layers for ZrO 2 coatings 7 Iron-base alloys Low-C steel/construction steel Use as cast wear plates, MMA, GMAW, GTMW, SAW Repair and maintenance welding...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 5A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v05a.9781627081719
EISBN: 978-1-62708-171-9
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 7
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v07.a0006018
EISBN: 978-1-62708-175-7
... inflators use sodium azide and iron oxide powder as the propellant. It is important in this application that the gas produced be inert because it is exhausted into the interior of a vehicle during use. The reaction is: 2 NaN 3 + 0.33   Fe 2 O 3 → 0.67   Fe + Na 2 O + 3...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 5A
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 August 2013
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v05a.a0005738
EISBN: 978-1-62708-171-9
... that encapsulates the graphite core inside a nickel shell to form a continuous cladding. A wide range of coating hardnesses can be obtained by different nickel-to-graphite ratios and by adjusting spray parameters. Figure 5 shows typical coating microstructures that are flame sprayed using different gas flow...
Series: ASM Desk Editions
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 01 November 1995
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.emde.a0003054
EISBN: 978-1-62708-200-6
... resistance, and other properties. This article discusses the fundamentals of sintering and its effects on pore structures and particle density. It addresses some of the more common sintering methods, including solid-state, liquid-phase, and gas pressure sintering, and presents alternative processes...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 7
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v07.a0006085
EISBN: 978-1-62708-175-7
... directional recrystallization. Superalloys Extrusion is commonly used to consolidate superalloy powders into billet stock for subsequent forging operations ( Ref 35 , 36 ). Typical processing includes containerization of gas-atomized powder, hot compaction by forging to approximately 94...
Series: ASM Handbook
Volume: 7
Publisher: ASM International
Published: 30 September 2015
DOI: 10.31399/asm.hb.v07.a0006022
EISBN: 978-1-62708-175-7
... There are three main methods of powder production: Mechanical, including machining, milling, and mechanical alloying Chemical, including electrolytic deposition, decomposition of a solid by a gas, thermal decomposition, precipitation from a liquid, precipitation from a gas, solid-solid reactive synthesis...